高中英语 Unit2第1课时 The First Period Reading教案 新人教版选修8.docx

高中英语 Unit2第1课时 The First Period Reading教案 新人教版选修8.docx

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高中英语Unit2第1课时TheFirstPeriodReading教案新人教版选修8

2019-2020年高中英语Unit2第1课时TheFirstPeriodReading教案新人教版选修8

Teachinggoals教学目标

1.Targetlanguage目标语言

a.重点词汇和短语

clone,mercial,producer,undertake,arbitrary,object,forbid,accumulate,castdown,objectto,themedia,infavourof

b.重点句子

Itisawayof...

Thefactisthat...

Thequestionthatoccurred...

2.Abilitygoals能力目标

Enablethestudentstodescribecloning:

Whatistheadvantagesofcloning？

Whatistheproblemsordangersofcloning？

Whatisyouropinionofcloning？

3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标

Helpthestudentslearnhowtodescribecloning.

Teachingimportantpoints教学重点

Howtodescribecloning.

Teachingdifficultpoints教学难点

Helpthestudentsanalyzethewritingtechniquesofthearticle.

Teachingmethods教学方法

Skimming,task-basedmethodanddebatemethod.

Teachingaids教具准备

Arecorder,aprojectorandsomeslides.

Teachingprocedures&&ways教学过程与方式

StepILead-in

Thistopicisdifficultforstudents.Soteachershouldhelpthestudentslearnmoreaboutit.Dothisinthewayofaskingandansweringquestions.

T:

Youcanimaginehowrapidlythemodernscienceandtechnologydevelop.Ithinkmostofyoumustknowsomethingaboutspacetraveling,submarineexploration,robot,maglevtrain,geneengineeringetc.Butinrecentyears,ahottopic,cloningisoftenmentioned,especiallywhenthecloningDollythesheepappeared.YoumayhavefirstheardofcloningwhenDollytheSheepshoweduponthescenein1997.CloningtechnologieshavebeenaroundformuchlongerthanDolly,though.Firstthingfirst,whatiscloningandaclone?

Thedictionarysayscloningisthetechniqueofproducingageneticallyidenticalduplicateofanorganism.Acloneissaidtobealldescendantsderivedasexuallyfromasingleindividual,asbycuttings,bulbs,byfission,bymitosis,orbyparthenogenesisreproduction.Itsoundsverydifferentandplicatedtous.Infact,Imean,inourdailylife,thishappensoften.Forexample,gardenerstakecuttingsfromgrowingplantstomakenewones.Youoftenseethatyourmotherpicksasmallbranchfromagrowingplanttomakeanewone.Ifshelikesthiskindofflowers,shecandocloning.Cloningalsohappensinanimalsorhumanbeingswhentwinsidenticalinsexandappearanceareproducedfromthesameoriginalegg.Thefactisthatcloningplantsisstraightforwardbutthecloningofanimalsismoreplicated.Thepossibilityofhumancloning,raisedwhenScottishscientistsatRoslinInstitutecreatedthemuch-celebratedsheep“Dolly”,arousedworldwideinterestandconcernbecauseofitsscientificandethicalimplications.Youcangiveyourquestionsifyouareinterestedinthistopic.Iamheretodayoneofthescientistswhoworkinthisfield.Iamreadytoansweranyofyourquestions.

S:

Nowweknowwhatiscloning.Aretheredifferenttypesofcloning?

T:

Whenthemediareportoncloninginthenews,theyareusuallytalkingaboutonlyonetypecalledreproductivecloning.Therearedifferenttypesofcloninghowever,andcloningtechnologiescanbeusedforotherpurposesbesidesproducingthegenetictwinofanotherorganism.Abasicunderstandingofthedifferenttypesofcloningiskeytotakinganinformedstanceoncurrentpublicpolicyissuesandmakingthebestpossiblepersonaldecisions.Thefollowingthreetypesofcloningtechnologieswillbediscussed:

（1）rebinantDNAtechnologyorDNAcloning,

（2）reproductivecloning,and（3）therapeuticcloning.

S:

WasDollycreatedbywhatcloning?

AndwhywasDollysoimportant?

T:

ReproductivecloningisatechnologyusedtogenerateananimalthathasthesamenuclearDNAasanothercurrentlyorpreviouslyexistinganimal.Dollywascreatedbyreproductivecloningtechnology.ShewasthefirstmammaltobeclonedfromadultDNAtakenfromanadultcell.Previously,animalshadonlybeenclonedusingembryocellswhichalreadyhavethepotentialtobeeapleteembryoinitsownright.ThebigbreakthroughwithDollywastomakeaclonefromanordinary,adultcell—inthiscasefromafemalegoat’sudder.

S:

HaveyouseenJurassicPark?

Inthisfeaturefilm,scientistsuseDNApreservedfortensofmillionsofyearstoclonedinosaurs.Theyfindtrouble,however,whentheyrealizethattheclonedcreaturesaresmarterandfiercerthanexpected.Couldwereallyclonedinosaurs?

T:

Intheory?

Yes.Whatwouldyouneedtodothis?

Awell-preservedsourceofDNAfromtheextinctdinosaur,andacloselyrelatedspecies,currentlyliving,thatcouldserveasasurrogatemother.Inreality?

Probablynot.It’snotlikelythatdinosaurDNAcouldsurviveundamagedforsuchalongtime.However,scientistshavetriedtoclonespeciesthatbecameextinctmorerecently,usingDNAfromwell-preservedtissuesamples.

Morequestionsaboutcloningaregivenintheappendix.Theinformationaboveisforreferenceonly.Oryoucanchooseseveralstudentsandaskthemtoactoutashortplaywhosemaintopicisasfollows:

Anoldmanwhowasdyingleftallhisfortunetohisownson.Buthedidnotknowthathissonwascloned.Sotwosameyoungmenbothclaimedthattheyweretheoldman’sson.Theyquarreledandfoughtwitheachother;atlasttheywenttothejudge.ThejudgeletthemcheckDNA.TheresultwasthattheirDNAwasthesame.Noweventhejudgedidnotknowwhattodo.

Inthisparttheteachercangivethestudentssomeadvicetoactout.Accordingtothisplayteacheraskthestudentsseveralquestions:

1.Doyouwanttobeclonedornot?

Why?

2.Ifyouarethejudgewhatwillyoudo?

3.Canyoutellmetheadvantagesofcloning?

4.Andwhatisthedisadvantage?

Discussion

Inthispartthestudentswilldiscusstherelationshipbetweenthedevelopmentoftechnologyandsocialcustoms.

T:

Asthetechnologydevelopsdaybyday,ithasamoreandmoreimportantinfluenceonthewholesociety.Technologyaffectssocialcustomsandethics,sometimestechnologymaygoagainsttheconventionalthinking,thenestheproblemthatwhetherweshouldstopthedevelopmentofresearchorchangetheethics.

S1:

Astechnologydevelopsinalmosteveryfield,alotofouroriginalcustomsandethicschanged,eitherbecausetheyareoutoftimeornotsoscientific.Forexamplemillionsofyearsagohumanatemeatofanimalswithoutheatingthem.Laterpeopleusedfireandnolongeraterawmeatandtheyalsousedfiretoscaredangerousanimals.

S2:

Ithinkwecouldnotstopthedevelopmentoftechnology,foritmaydevelopinthewaywhichisacceptablebysocialcustoms.

…

Lookatpictures

T:

Lookatthepicturesanddiscusswhichonesarenaturalclonesandwhichonesareman-made.Thenexplainhowtheydiffer.

S:

IthinkthetwinsarenaturalclonesandtheDollysheepisman-made.

T:

Youareright!

Canyouexplainhowtheydiffer?

S:

Thetwinswerebornatthesametime,buttheDollysheepisman-made.

T:

Anythingelse?

Whowanthaveatry?

S:

Ithinktheidenticaldogisman-made.

T:

Goodjob!

StepⅡPre-reading

Beforeclass,askthestudentstosearchforsomeinformationaboutthistopic.Nowshowyourquestionsonthescreen,andthenletthemdiscusswitheachother.

T:

Nowpleaseworkinpairsanddiscussaboutcloning.Thenlistthequestionsyouwanttofindout.Shareyourlistwithyourpartner.

Ss:

Yes,sir/madam.

Questionsaboutcloning:

1.Whatisaclone?

2.Howisacloneproduced?

3.Whatbenefitscanhumansgainfromcloning?

4.Whatproblemsmayarisewhenhumansarecloned?

5.Shouldweclonehuman?

6.Couldcloningreplacesexasthemeansofcreatingnewhumanlife?

7.Couldaparentcloneachildwhoisdyingofaterminalillness?

Afterafewminutes.

T:

Doyouhaveotherquestions?

Volunteer!

S:

Ihave!

Whatisthewriter’sopinion?

T:

Goodjob!

Ithinkmanyofyouhavequestions,nowletusreadthearticlewiththequestions.

Suggestanswers:

1.Itisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant.

2.Thishappensinplantswhengardenerstakecuttingsfromgrowingplantstomakenewones,andwhensmallpartsofaplantaretakenandgowninalaboratory.Italsohappensinanimalswhentwinsidenticalinsexandappearanceareproducedfromthesameoriginalegg.

3.Itcanhelpcurediseaseandcanhelpcoupleswhohavenobabytobearanewbaby.

4.TheremaybemorebadpeoplelikeHitler.

5.Inmyopinion,Idonotagree,foritmaycausemanymoralproblems.

6.No.Becauseclonedhumanhasthesamequalityastherealhuman,naturalbornbaby’squalityishigherthanhisparents.

7.No.Theclonedbabyalsohasthedisease.

StepⅢWhile-reading

Getthestudentstoprehendthepassagequicklyandaccuratelyandmeanwhilehelpthestudentsformagoodhabitofreading.

T:

Haveyougottheanswersofyourquestions?

Nowpleaseskimthepassagefasttoobtainageneralunderstandingofthewholepassage.Whilereading,dividethewholepassageintoseveralpartsandfindoutthemainideaofeachpart.

Showthefollowing.

Para.1Cloningisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant.

Para.2Cloninghastwomajoruses.

Para.3TheproblemsofDolly.

Para.4TheeffectofDolly.

Para.5Itisforbiddentoclonehumanbeing.

StepⅣPost-reading

Askthestudentstoreadthepassageagaintofinishthreetasks.

T:

Nowlet’slistentothetape.Whilelistening,paymoreattentiontothecorrectpronunciationandtone.Thenreadthetextbyyourselvestogettheanswerstothethreetasks.Youcanworkingroups.

T:

First,whataretheproblemsordangersofcloning?

S:

Letmehaveatry!

First,theclonedanimalshavethesameillnessoftheoldanimalsandthesamegoeswiththeotherspecies.Second,theclonedanimalshaveshortlifeandcancausemoralquestions.

T:

Youareright!

Andwhataretheadvantages