高考英语阅读理解精英训练极品题5.docx

高考英语阅读理解精英训练极品题5.docx

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高考英语阅读理解精英训练极品题5

2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练极品题（5）及答案

阅读理解------C

AbrahamLincolnwasbornintopoverty200yearsago.Atanyothertimeandplace,thislowlyoriginwouldhavedictatedhisfuture,butinLincoln’scase,hisself-determinationandforceofwillmadeitpossibleforhimtosecurehisseatinhiscountry'shistory.Hehasbecomearolemodelintheself-madeAmerica.

Ifyouwanttolearnaboutsomebodywhodidn’tquit,looknofurther.AbrahamLincolnhadtwobusinessventuresfailed,andthesecondonemadehimbankrupt,sohehadtospendthenext17yearsofhislifepayingforthedebt.Healsolost8differentelections.Itseemedthathehadneverdonethingsrightatthefirsttime:

thefirsttimeheranforstatelegislatureforCongress,forlandofficer,forSenate,allofthesefailed,andthefirsttimehesoughtthevice-presidentialnomination,hegotlessthan100votesnationally.Butheneverfoundittooshamefultocarryonhismission.Thenlaterin1860,onsucharoughroad,hemadeittotheWhiteHouse.Heliveduptohisfamoussaying,“Alwaysbearinmindthatyourowndeterminationtosuccessismoreimportantthananyother.”

Hecouldhavequitmanytimes-—-buthedidn’tandbecausehedidn’tquit，hebecameoneofthegreatestpresidentsinthehistoryofAmerica.OneimportantwayLincolninfluencespresentsocietyisthatwelookbackonhislifeasarolemodelforfuturegenerations.Lincoln’shighcharacterinfluencesusbecausewecomparepresent-daypoliticianstotheexampleLincolnset.AmajorinfluenceLincolnhasontheunitedStatestodayissimplythroughthegoodexamplehesetwhenitcametohonesty,persistenceandleadership.

36.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Lincolnwasbornwithasilverspooninhismouth.

B.LikeLincoln,apoororiginleadstoabrightfuture.

C.Americaisconsideredself-madebecauseofLincoln.

D.Self-determinationandwillcontributedtoLincoln’ssuccess.

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。

根据butinLincoln’scase,hisself-determinationandforceofwillmadeitpossibleforhimtosecurehisseatinhiscountry'shistory.可知是林肯的决心和意志导致他的成功。

故选D。

37.WhatisParagraphTwomainlyabout?

A.HowLincolnmadehiswaytotheWhiteHouse.

B.Lincolnsufferedvariousfailures.

C.Lincolnwasamanwhoneverquit.

D.Lincolnoncelosttwobusinessventures.

【答案】C

【解析】段落大意题。

根据Ifyouwanttolearnaboutsomebodywhodidn’tquit,looknofurther.可知林肯是个不放弃的人。

故选C。

38.WhichisthecorrectorderofwhathappenedtoLincoln?

a.Hewaspayingoffhisdebt.b.Hefailedintherunforlandofficer,

c.Hegotlessthan100votesnationally.d.hestucktohismission,e.Hewentbankrupt.

A.b-c-c-d-aB.c-3.-b-c-dC.6-c-s-b-dD.d-c-s-b-c

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。

根据文章第二段的内容可知顺序是：

e.Hewentbankrupt.--a.Hewaspayingoffhisdebt.--b.Hefailedintherunforlandofficer,--c.Hegotlessthan100votesnationally.--d.hestucktohismission,故选B。

39.WhatisthefunctionofLincoln’sfamoussayinginParagraphTwo?

A.Totellusthatdeterminationisthemostimportanttosuccess.

B.Toattractreaders1attention.

C.ToshowwhyLincolnwasabletocarryoninhardtimes.

D.TosummarizeLincoln’sstory.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。

根据Thenlaterin1860,onsucharoughroad,hemadeittotheWhiteHouse.Heliveduptohisfamoussaying,可知这句话是为了表明为什么他能度过难关。

故选C。

40.WhydoesthewriterconsiderLincolnasoneofthegreatestpresidentsinAmerica?

A.BecausehestillinfluencesAmericaasarolemodel.

B.Becausehesetagoodexampletothepresentpoliticians.

C.Becauseofhisgreatpersonalities.

D.Becausehewentthroughdiversedifficulties.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判断题。

根据Lincoln’shighcharacterinfluencesusbecausewecomparepresent-daypoliticianstotheexampleLincolnset.可知林肯还是一个榜样并影响了美国人，故选A。

较难题目特训：

介绍说明类-----3

FormillionsofFacebookusers,choosingwhichphototouseforanonlineprofileisanimportantdecision.AccordingtoastudybyresearchersattheUTDallasCenter,thephotosweselectmayreflectindividualpreferences,buttheyalsoappeartoreflectmoredeeplyrooted,unconsciousculturaldifferences.Previousresearchhasshownthatculturecanaffectnotonlylanguageandcustom,butalsohowweexperiencetheworldandprocessinformation.Westerncultures，forexample，conditionpeopletothinkofthemselvesashighlyindependententities（实体），whereasEastAsianculturesstresscollectivismandinterdependence.

Dr.DenisePark,co-directoroftheCenteratUTDallas,andformergraduatestudentDr.ChihMaoHuangoftheUniversityofIllinois,werecuriousaboutwhetherthesepatternsofculturalinfluenceextendtocyberspace.InapaperpublishedintheInternationalJournalofPsychology,theyexaminedtheprofilephotographsofmorethan500activeFacebookusersfromtheUnitedStatesandEastAsia.Overall,theyfoundthatprofilephotosofAmericansaremorelikelytofocusontheindividual'sface，whiletheprofilesofEastAsianstendtolessemphasizethefaceandincludemorebackgroundfeatures.AmericansalsoshowgreatersmileintensitycomparedtoEastAsianFacebookusers.

ThefindingsshowmarkedculturaldifferencesinthefocusofattentionamongEastAsianandAmericanFacebookusers.Moreover,theyechopreviousresearchonculturalinfluencesonvisualperception（感知），attention,andreasoningintheofflineworld.

“WebelievethesefindingsrelatetoaculturalbiastobemoreindividualisticandindependentintheUSandmorecommunalandinterdependentinAsia”，saidPark.

Theresearchalsofoundthatculturalinfluencesoverourself-presentationonlinecanshiftovertimeandfromplacetoplace.Inoneofthestudysamples,AmericansstudyinginJapanandJapanesestudyingintheUSbothshowedatendencytoadjusttheirprofilephotostothegeneralpreferencesoftheirhostcountry.

“Facebookconstitutesanextendedsocialcontextinwhichpersonalprofilesmirrorvariousindividualcharacteristics，privatethoughts，andsocialbehaviors，”notedHuang.“Assuch，thestudypresentsanewapproachtoinvestigatecognitionandbehaviorsacrossculturesbyusingFacebookasadatacollectionplatform.”

63.Theunderlinedword‘‘condition”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans_______.

A.advise　　　　B.instruct　　　　C.shape　　　　D.forbid

64.WecanknowfromthepassagethatMongoliansprobablyemphasize________.

A.culturalinfluences　　　　B.socialbehaviors

C.independentexistence　　　　D.collectivepower

65.ItcanbeinferredthataKoreanstudyingintheUSislikelyto_______.

A.useapictureofhisfaceonFacebook

B.adjusttoAmericanpreferencesquickly

C.changehisprofilephotosfromtimetotime

D.putupaphotoofhisapartmentonFacebook

66.AccordingtoDr.Huang,Facebookcanhelpto_______.

A.makeupamoreextendedsocialcontext

B.studythediversityofworldwidecultures

C.promotecommunicationbetweeneastandwest

D.combinedifferentculturesfromdifferentaspects

【参考答案】3.63-66CDAB　　

较难题目特训：

介绍说明类-----4

Researchershavejustofferedevidenceinastudythatsaysobesityappearstospreadthroughsocialties,muchlikeavirus.Whenonepersongainsweight,theirclosefriendsoftenfollow.Butthefindingmightalsoofferhope.

Iffriendshelpmakeobesityacceptable,thenmightalsobeinfluentialinlosingthefat.Theresearchersnotethatsupportgroupsarealreadyaneffectivetoolindealingwithothersociallyinfluencedproblems,likealcoholism.

ThefindingsappearedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,Theresearchersusedinformationcollectedfrom12,000people.Itwascollectedbetween1971and2003aspartoftheFraminghamHeartStudy.

Theinformationwashighlydetailed.Therewasevencontactinformationforclosefriendsofthepeopleinthestudy.

Theresearchersexaminedmorethan40,000socialties.Theyfoundthataperson’schancesofbecomingseverelyoverweightincreasedby57%ifafriendhadbecomeobese.

Asisterorbrotherofapersonwhobecameobesehada40%increasedchanceofbecomingobese.Theriskforawifeorhusbandwasalittlelessthanthat.

NicholasChristakisofHarvardMedicalSchoolwasaleadinvestigatorinthestudy.Hesaysthereisadirectcausalrelationshipbetweenapersongettingfatandbeingfollowedinweightgainbyafriend.

Thestudyfoundthatthesexofthefriendswasalsoaninfluence.Insame-sexfriendshipsapersonhada70%increasedriskofbecomingobese.Menhada44%increasedriskofbecomingobeseafterweightgaininbrother.Insisters,itwas67%.

Theresearchersalsoconsideredtheeffectofwherepeoplelivedinrelationtoeachother.JamesFowleroftheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,wastheotherleadinvestigator.Hesaysafriendwholivesafewhundredkilometersawayhasasmuchinfluenceasoneinthesameneighborhood.Hesaysthestudydemonstratestheneedtoconsiderthatamajorpartofpeople’shealthistiedtotheirsocialconnections.

Bothinvestigatorssaytheirresearchshowsthatobesityisnotjustaprivatemedicalissue,butapublichealthproblem.

59.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinPara.2mean?

A.Obesityhasanegativeinfluenceonaclosefriend.

B.Friendsmightalsoplayapartinlosingweight.

C.Onemighthaveapositiveinfluenceonone’sfriend.

D.Friendsusuallydon’tfolloweachothertoloseweight.

60.Whoismostlylikelytogainweight?

A.Amanwhohasafatbrother　　　　B.Ahusbandwhohasafatwife

C.Awifewhohasafathusband　　　　D.Awomanwhohasafatfemalefriend

61.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesn’tthepassageagreewith?

A.Youaresuretoloseweightifyouhaveaskinnyfriend.

B.Ifonegainsweight,one’sfriendsarelikelytogetfat.

C.Aperson’shealthiscloselylinkedwithhis/hersocialrelationship.

D.Evenift