教师资格考试中学教育知识与能力章节考点55.docx

教师资格考试中学教育知识与能力章节考点55.docx

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教师资格考试中学教育知识与能力章节考点55

教师资格考试中学教育知识与能力章节考点（5.4）（Teacherqualificationexamination,middleschooleducation,knowledgeandcompetence,chapter5.4）

Teacherqualificationexamination,middleschooleducation,knowledgeandcompetence,chapter5.4

Fourthsectionofmiddleschoolstudent'spersonalitydevelopment

I.personalityoverview

（1）theconceptofpersonality

Personalityistheorganicintegrationofone'sintellect,emotion,desire,valuesandhabitsofbehavior,itgivespeopleadapttotheuniqueenvironmentoftheorganizationmode,complexknowledge,emotion,consciousnessandbehavioristheresultoftheinteractionofheredityandenvironment,containsapastinfluenceaswellasofnowandinthefuturetheconstruction.

（two）thebasiccharacterofpersonality;theintegrityof1.personality

Arealpersonhasmanypsychologicalfactorsandcharacteristics,suchasintelligence,emotion,desire,valuesandhabits,buttheyarenotisolated,butcloselylinkedandintegratedintoanorganicorganization.Arealman'sbehaviorisnotonlyaspecificpartoftheoperationoftheresults,andalwaysclosecontactwithotherpartsofcoordinatedactivities.

2.,thestabilityofpersonality

Thestabilityperformanceofpersonalityintotwoaspects:

oneisthepersonalityofthecrosstimecontinuity.Inthedifferentstagesoflife,personalitycontinuityasthefirstmanifestationofpersistentself.Thetwoisthecrosssituationalconsistencyofpersonality.Thepersonalityreferstostablepsychologicalandbehavioralcharacteristicsofapersonoftenexpressedandthetemporary,occasionallybehaviordoesnotbelongtopersonalitycharacteristics.Forexample,anoutgoingstudentsarenotonlygoodatcommunicationinschool,lovefriends,loveintheschoolofcommunication,lovetheparty,althoughheoccasionallykeepsacertaindistancewithothers,showaquietmood.

3.,theuniquenessofpersonality

Uniquepersonalityreferstothepsychologicalandbehaviorbetweenpeoplearedifferent.Thediversityofcombinationofpersonalitystructure,eachperson'spersonalityhasitsowncharacteristics.Indailylife,wecanobservewheneverandwhereverpossibletoeachperson'sactionsaredifferentfromothers,eachpersonallhavetheirneeds,hobbies,cognition,emotion,volitionandvalues.

4.,thesocialnatureofpersonality

Socialpersonalityreferstosuchsocialanimalbecomemembersofsociety.Personalityistheuniquesocialperson.Personalityisformedinthegeneticandbiologicalbasisofindividual,restrictedbytheindividualbiologicalcharacteristics.Inthissenseitcanbesaidthatpersonalityisacomprehensiveindividualnatureandsocialthepeoplewhomeettheneedoffood.Forexample,thecontentandthewayisaffectedbythespecificsocialandhistoricalconditions.

Therefore,canbesummedup:

personalityisacomplexofcharacteristicsofindividualstable,showingauniquepatternofindividualthoughts,emotionsandbehaviors.Thisuniquemodeistheresultofindividualsocialization,butalsoaffecttheinteractionoftheindividualandtheenvironment.

（three）temperamentandpersonality

Personalityisaconceptofmeaningisveryrich,whichincludesthepsychologicalcharacteristicsoftemperamentandcharacterstability.Personalitytemperamentisindividualearlyinlifetoshowthestabilityofindividualdifferences,namelythoseofpsychologyandbehaviorbygeneticandphysiologicalcharacteristicsofthedecision.Theconceptandweusuallysay"temperament","temper"approximation.

Pavlovaccordingtotheintensityofnervousprocess,balanceandflexibility,thehighernervousactivitytypeofanimalandhumanbeingsintofourkinds:

excited,lively,quietandrestrained,andthecorrespondingischolericandbalgam,anddepression.

Typesandcharacteristicsofhighernervousactivity

Temperamentandpersonalityaredifferent.Themaindifferenceis:

（1）temperamentisdeterminedbybiologicalfactors,cannotbechanged,andtheessenceofpersonalityisformedbyindividuallifeexperience,becauseexperienceandnewchange;

（2）intheearlystagehavetemperamentappear,andpersonalityappearedrelativelylate;（3）toobservethetemperamentintheanimalbody,andthereisnoanimalpersonality;（4）temperamentisrevealedfromtheperson'smood,speechanddeportmentinspecificcontent,doesnotinvolvethebehavior,andpersonalitycharacteristicsandbehaviorofthecontentmaybetherelevant（suchasacademictraitanxiety）;（5）thebehaviorofhighercognitiveprocesscontrolandpersonalityrelated,

Ithasnothingtodowithtemperament

（four）characterandpersonality

Personalrealitystableattitudesandhabitsofbehavioristhecharacter.Intheexternalenvironmentespeciallyundertheinfluenceofthesocialenvironment,theuniquebehaviorpatternsformedbytheindividuallifepractice,cognition,emotionandvolition,istheperson'scharacter.

Personalityisthemodeofexistenceofaperson,istheproductofindividualgeneticqualityandenvironmentinteraction.Personalitytemperamentisinnate,isanaturalexpressionofphysicalandgenetic,itisdifficulttochange,nogoodorbad;thepersonalityofthecharacterisacquired,isthesocialandculturalpatternsofengraving,islikelytochange,thereisgoodorbad.

Fromtheinfluenceofpersonalitytemperament.Firstofall,theformationoftemperamentwillaffecttheindividualcharacter.Becausethecharacterdirectlydependsonthenatureandmethodsineducationandsocialinteraction.Avariabletemperamentistheformationofpersonalityintheearlystagesofindividualdevelopmentwillemerge,whichwillaffectthebehaviorofdifferentparentsorotherpeople.Theinteractionofindividualandsocialenvironmentofdifferentnature.Secondly,accordingtotheirowntemperamentcanrenderdynamiccharacter,sothatthecharacterhasauniquecolor.Forexample,thesamecharacterishelpfulandsanguineinhelpingpeopleoftenagility,emotionisapparentontheoutside,themucusqualitymayactcalm,donotshowemotionontheoutside.Onceagain,temperamentwillalsoaffectthecharacterformationortransformationspeed.Forexample,totheformationofself-control,cholericpeopleoftenneedAgreatdealofeffortandrestraintisrequired,whileadepressedpersonismorelikelytodevelopwithouthavingtocontrolhimself

Fromthepointofviewofthecharacteroftemperament,personalitycanalsohideorchangethetemperamenttoacertainextent,soitissubjecttothepracticeoflife.Forexample,theScoutsmusthaveacalmandbravepersonality.Instrictmilitarytrainingpractice,theseformsmayconcealortransformthecholericthecharacterofimpulsiveandunrestrainedtemperament.

Two,factorsaffectingpersonalitydevelopment

Theformationanddevelopmentofpersonalitycannotbeseparatedfromtherelationshipbetweeninnateheredityandacquiredenvironment.Psychologistsbelievethatpersonalityisformedanddevelopedgraduallyundertheinteractionofheredityandenvironment

（I）biologicalgeneticfactors

Becausepersonalityhasstrongstabilitycharacteristics,personalityresearcherspaymoreattentiontotheroleofgeneticfactors.Accordingtotheexistingresearchresults,theroleofheredityonpersonalityissummarizedasfollows

1.heredityisanessentialfactorinpersonality

Theextentofthe2.geneticfactorsonpersonalitywithpersonalitytraitsaredifferent.Usuallyinintelligence,temperamentandbiologicalfactorsofthesetraits,themoreimportanttheroleofgeneticfactors;andtherelationshipbetweenvaluesandbeliefs,personalityandsocialfactorscloselytraits,environmentaleffectsmaybemoreimportant.

3.thedevelopmentofpersonalityisgeneticandenvironmentalfactorsoftwopeople.Theresultoftheinteractionofbothbiologicalproperties,andhasthesocialattribute.Peopleintheembryonicstate,theinfluenceofenvironmentalfactorsonthestart,thiseffectwillcontinueinone'slife.Thefactorofenvironmentisdiverse,smallfamilyfactorstosocialandculturalfactors.Haveanimportanteffectontheformationanddevelopmentofpersonalityofthesefactors.

（two）socialandculturalfactors

Everyoneinthespecificsocialandculturalenvironment,theculturalinfluenceonpersonalityisextremelyimportant.Socialculturepersonalityofthemembersofthesociety,thepersonalitystructureofitsmemberstowardsthedirectionofthedevelopmentofthissimilarity,thesimilaritywiththefunctionofmaintainingsocialstability,andthateverypersoncanbefirmlyembeddedinthewholeculturalform.

（three）familyenvironmentfactors

Studyonthecausesoffamilypersonality,focusingonfamilydifferences（includingfamilystructure,economicconditions,livingenvironment,familyatmosphereetc.）anddifferentparentingstylesofpersonalitydevelopmentandpersonalitydifferences.Thestudyfoundthatauthoritativeparentingparentsbehaveintheirchildren'seducationistoodominant,

Allthechildrenbytheirparentstocontrolgrowth.Inthisenvironment,childrenareeasytoformthenegativeandpassive,dependent,obedience,weakness,lackofcharacterinitiative,sometimesformingpersonalitydishonest.Indulgentparentingstylesofparentsofchildrenoverindulgence,letthechildrenwantparentsto.Childrensometimesappearoutofcontrol.Thegrowthinthehomeenvironmentinwhichchildrenwerewillful,childish,selfish,rudeandbarbaric,poorindependence,outrageousnonsense.Parentsandchildrendemocraticparentingstylesinthefamilyinanequalandharmoniousatmosphere,parentsrespectthechild,givethechildtheautonomyandpositiveguidance.Thiskindofparentingstylecanmakechildrenformpositiv