translate english and chinese names and their cultural connotation英语专业论文本科学位论文.docx

translate english and chinese names and their cultural connotation英语专业论文本科学位论文.docx

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translateenglishandchinesenamesandtheirculturalconnotation英语专业论文本科学位论文

中国某某某某学校

学生毕业设计（论文）

题目：

TranslateEnglishand

ChineseNamesandTheir

CulturalConnotation

姓名:

0000

班级、学号：

000000000000

系（部）：

经济管理系

专业：

商务英语

指导教师:

0000000

开题时间：

2009-4-10

完成时间：

2009-10-29

2009年10月29日

目录

毕业设计任务书…………………………………………………1

毕业设计成绩评定表……………………………………………2

答辩申请书……………………………………………………3-6

正文……………………………………………………………6-32

答辩委员会表决意见……………………………………………33

答辩过程记录表…………………………………………………34

课题TranslateEnglishandChineseNamesandTheirCulturalConnotation

一、课题（论文）提纲

1.引言

2.姓名与文化的关联。

3.比较研究中英两个姓名系统。

3.1.1这种现象表明了姓名的文化内涵与原始的图腾崇拜有关。

3.1.2姓名是一种意识寻根的表现

3.1.3姓名的潜在意义

3.2中英文姓名制度的差别

3.2.1姓氏反映了不同国家的文化

3.2.2姓氏反映的文化内涵

3.2.3姓名中映射出父权制，儒家崇拜，宗教等社会文化。

3.2.4姓名体现出的社会阶级

3.2.5姓名的其他表现

4．姓名姓名姓名的翻译

4.1中英姓名翻译的基本规则

4.1.1中文名译英文名

4.2.2英文名译中文名

5.结论

二、内容摘要

姓名，作为一种文化载体，蕴涵着极其丰富的文化内涵，英汉姓名因而存在着巨大的文化差异。

姓名不仅仅是一种简单的区别于他人的符号，它同时也代表一种社会文化现象，被喻为“文化的镜像”。

通过对英汉姓名的历史渊源，宗教信仰，价值观念等的对比研究，揭示出英汉姓名的深层文化内涵及社会文化因素的影响，进而对这种富载文化内涵的姓名的翻译提出翻译原则和翻译翻译方法。

英汉文化的共性，如图腾崇拜，寻根意识，特指性，心理暗示等使英汉不同姓名的系统中出现一些类同的现象。

英汉文化内涵的差异，如中国的宗教观念，崇儒思想，等级制度等文化因素都可以从中国人的姓名中反映出来。

而英语民族的宗教信仰，个人取向，强调个性也在英语姓名中有所反映。

由于英汉姓名的文化差异，在翻译英汉姓名时应遵循“名从主人原则”和“约定俗成原则”，采取音译法和释义法，或者两者相结合，使人名的真实内涵得到体现。

二、参考文献

[1]吴芳.姓名的跨文化研究.广西大学,2002.P1;

[2]邓卫峰.姓名,透视文化的窗口—汉英姓名对比研究.河北师范大学,2002,P2;

[3]孙守玉,岳红丽.英语姓名文化渊源浅探[J].淄博学院学报,2001,9,第17卷第3期:

P51; 

[4]同[3],P51;

[5]龚爱华.英汉姓名文化内涵比较及其互译要领[J].南京审计学院学报,2005,5,第2卷第2期:

P82; 

[6]黄碧蓉.英汉姓名的文化底蕴及其翻译[J].安徽工业大学学报,2004,7,第27卷第4期:

P81; 

[7]同[1],P31;

[8]同[1],P6;

[9]任瑞.跨文化交际下的中英姓氏比较研究[J].苏州大学,2004.P9;

[10]同[9],P10;

[11]李世荣.英语姓名的文化阐释[J].延安教育学院学报,2002,第3期:

P34;

[12]同[6],P80;

[13]饶小飞.汉英人名姓氏的文化心态来源与命名习俗探微[J].培陵师范学院学报,2003,7第17卷第3期:

P58;  

[14]同[2],P11;

[15]同[2],P16;

[16]同[11],P35;

[17]汪旭琴.从文化渊源看汉英姓名习俗[J].安徽电子信息职业技术学院,2004,第1期:

P75;

[18]同[2],P44;

[19]同[2],P44;

[20]章辉.汉语姓名与汉民族文化心理特征[J].毕节师范高等专科学院学　　　报, 2005,6,第23卷第2期:

P14;  

[21]任朝迎.中国人姓名的音译之探讨[J].有色金属设计,2003,第30卷第2期:

P70;

[22]同[1],P39;

[23]同[4],P82;

[24]李庆云.英语姓名的来源及其翻译[J].大同职业技术学院学报,2002,9,第16卷第3期:

P49;

[25]朱红梅.英语人名翻译初探[J].郑州轻工业学院学报，2002，3,第3卷第1期:

P79; 

[26]同[13],P49;

[27]隋荣谊.英汉翻译新教程[M].中国电力出版社，2004，5.P237.

TranslateEnglishandChineseNamesandTheirCulturalConnotation

000000

[Abstract]Ascarriersofcultures,ChineseandEnglishnamesarefullofculturalconnotations,andresultinculturalgapbetweenEnglishandChinese.Personalnamesarenotonlysymbolsthatdistinguishonepersonfromothers,butalsosocialsymbols.Itis“amirrorofculture”.Throughcomparativestudyonanation’shistory,religion,conceptsofmoralandvalue,wecanseedifferentculturalconnotationsbetweenEnglishandChinesenames.Andthensuggestsometranslationprinciplesandmethods.TherearesomesimilaritiesbetweenEnglishandChinesenames,suchastotemism,consciousnessofroot-seeking,specializingpoints.InChinesenames,wecanfindthecultureofreligiousconcepts,Confucian-worship,hierarchy.Andthereligion,personal-orientation,individualismcanalsobefoundinEnglishnames.InthetranslationofChineseandEnglishnames,translatorsshouldfollowthepronunciationoftheowner’slanguageandadopttheestablishedpopulartranslatednames,usetransliterationandparaphrasesoastoreflecttherealmeaningofEnglishandChinesenames.

[KeyWords]EnglishnamesandChinesenames;culturalconnotation;translationprinciple;translationmethod

1．Introduction

Namesareusedbyhumanbeingsandtheyarethesignsforpeopletodistinguishonepersonfromtheothers.Theyhavesomeparticularfunctionsthatnoothersignscanperform.Theyarenotonlylinguisticsymbols,butalsosocialsymbols,representingrelationshipinsocietiesandcultures.“Eachpersonhashisnamewhichdistinguisheshimselffromothermembersinthecommunity,andeachcountryhasitsownnamesystemowingtotheirdifferenthistoricalandculturalbackground”.[1]P1Inaword,personalnamesarewindowsforpeopletoseethroughdifferentculturesindifferentsocieties.Forthesereasons,thetranslationofChineseandEnglishnamesshouldfollowthepronunciationoftheowner’scountryandadopttheestablishedpopulartranslatednames,usetransliterationandparaphrasesoastoreflecttherealmeaningofChineseandEnglishnames.

2．Relationbetweenpersonalnameandculture

Personalnamesaretheproductsofthehistoricaldevelopmentofhumansociety.Theyreflecttheancientcivilizationandsplendidculturesfromdifferentrespects.Thechoiceofnametellssomethingabouthumansocietyandreflectsthesocialculture.Therefore,thedevelopmentofpersonalnamescannotbeisolatedfromthesocialculturebackground.Namesaretheinseparablepartofcultureandtheinevitableoutcomeofculturalevolution.Likeotherlinguisticphenomenatheyplaytheroleofcarrierandpropagatorofcultures.

Cultureinfluenceseveryaspectofhumansociallifeandinfluencespeople’sbehavior.Personalnamesaretheoutcomeofpeople’sbehavior,sotheinfluenceofculturecanbeseenfromthechangingofpersonalnames.Forexample,“inancientChina,“龟”（gui,tortoise）wasoftenusedaspersonalnamewhichhadgoodconnotationoflongevity.However,afterMingDynasty,theconnotationofthecharacterchanged,whichindicatesamanwhosewifeisnotloyaltohim.Thenfewpeopleuse“龟”aspersonalnames”.[2]P2Inaddition,personalnamesarerestrictedbyculture,forinstance,ChinesepeoplearegreatlyinfluencedbyConfucianism,soobviousproprietiescanbeseeninChinesenames.“EnglishpeoplebelieveChristianandreligioussensecanbefoundintheirnames”.[3]P51Ontheotherhand,asakindofsocialreality,personalnamesexertitsinfluenceandactiononsocietiesandcultures.Forexample,thetabooonusingthepersonalnamesofemperorswasformedundertheinfluenceoffeudalhierardyculture.Onceithadbeenformeditbegantorestricteveryaspectofpeople’slife.Inshort,personalnamesandcultureinfluencerestricteachotherandactoneachother.Frompersonalnames,peoplecanseetheculturalsimilarityanddifferenceindifferentsociety. 

3.Comparativestudybetweenthetwonamesystems

Everynationhasitsownhistory,duringwhichithasshapeditsownparticularcharacteristics.Asaspecialsocialandlinguisticphenomenon,namesrelatetoculturesextensivelyandprofoundly.Whenwelearnaforeignlanguageandtrytomakeeffectivecommunication,wemustunderstanditscultureandneedtoknowaboutnamesandnaming,justaswhenwestudyalanguageweneedtoknowitsvocabularyanditsgrammar.Inthissection,wearegoingtomakeacomparativestudyontheseaspectsbetweenChineseandEnglishnamesystems.

3.1SimilaritiesbetweentheTwoSystems

3.1.1Totemism

“Atbeginning,thebasicofpersonalnameistotemism.Totemismmaybeanimals,plantsorunlivingthings.Thegroupoftentakessometotemastheirancestor,andthenuseditastheirownnames”.[4]P51“Inancienttimes,thehumanbeingswerenotonlyafraidofnaturalpower,butalsorespectit.Therefore,bothinChineseandEnglishpersonalnames,wecanfindlotsofnamesfromplace,animal,plant,unlivingthingsinnatureornaturalphenomenon”.[5]P82Forexample,inChinesenames,YanEmperor（炎帝,oneancestorofChinesepeople）livednearJiangWater（姜水,anameofariver）,sohistribeusedjiang（姜）astheirtribename,HuangEmperor（黄帝,anotherancestorofChinesepeople）livednearJiWater（姬水,anameofariver）andusedji（姬）asthetribe’sname,andyao（姚）camefromtheplacecalledyaoxu（姚墟）whereShun（舜,anancestorofChinesepeople）lived.InEnglish,peopleusedthenaturalphenomenonasfamilynames,suchasFrost,Rain,andSnowetc.Andsomenamescomefromanimalnames,forexample,Bird,Bull,Lion,Fox,Wolfandsoon.Somecomefromplantnames,forinstance,Flower,Apple,Lily,Rose.Thisphenomenonreflectssimilarculturalconnotationthatnamesareassociatedwithprimitivetotemism.

3.1.2Consciousnessofroot-seeking

InChineseandEnglishnames,wecanfindnamestakenfromtheirbirth-placenames,suchasLiuZongyuan（柳宗元）,afamouspoetinTangDynasty,wasbornatHeDong,sohehasanothernameLiuHedong（柳河东）.InChina,nowadays,wealsohavenameslikeWangChangcheng（王长城）,LiChangjiang（李长江）,etc.ThesenamesarecloselyconnectedwithChineseplaces.InEnglishpeoplealsotakeplacesastheirpersonalnames.“Forexample,Washington（华盛顿），Brook（溪流）,Well（泉）,Wood（林木）andsoon”.[6]P81Thesesimilaritiesshow,ashumanbeing,theyallhavetheconsciousnessofroot-seeking.

3.1.3Specializingcharacter

Mostnamesinliteraryworkshavespecialmeaning.“Theysymbolizesomeconnotationsthatgofarbeyondtheirliterarymeanings.Theybecomesomegeneraltermsindicatingcertainmeaning,symbolizingcertainpeople,orreferringparticularlytocertainsituationsoractions”.[7]P31

Forexample,Shylock,inShakespeare’scomedyTheMerchantofVeniceindicatessomeusurersandbusinessmenwhoaremeanandcruel.Itcanalsobeusedasverbreferringtotheactionofowingusury.Forinstance,“Hisincomederivedfromillicitactivities-bookmaking,gambling,shylocking,andquestionableunionactivities”.

TakethepersonalnameZhuGeliang（诸葛亮）asanotherexample.Itcanbeusednotonlytorefertothespecificpersonwhooncereallyexistedinhistory,butalsousedasacommonnoun.“诸葛亮”inthesaying“三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮”（Workingtogether,threeordinarymencanbeaswiseasZhugeLiangwhowasaverywisemanintheThreeStatesPeriod）isnotspecificaperson,itreferstosamewisemenlikehim.InChineseliterature,wemayfindnameswithspeciallyimpliedmeaningchosebywriterswhotend