高考英语全程训练计划专练1 细节理解题.docx

高考英语全程训练计划专练1 细节理解题.docx

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高考英语全程训练计划专练1细节理解题

专练

（一）　细节理解题

强化训练1——直接信息理解类

A

（2018·甘肃重点中学协作体高三上学期第一次联考）

MaryKrupabecamefriendswiththegreysquirrelsduringherfirstweekatPennState，afterspottingthemrunningaroundandidly（漫不经心地）wonderingwhattheywouldlooklikewithtinyhatsontheirheads.Today，everyoneattheuniversityknowsherasthe“SquirrelGirl”．

Marystartedbringingthemfood，andgraduallytheybegantotrusther.Shemanagedtoputahatonasquirrelandtakeapicture.Thinkingthathercolleaguescoulddowithsomethingtolifttheirspirits，shestartedpostingsimilarphotosonFacebook.Theresponsewasgreatlypositive，andbeforelongMaryandhersquirrelsbecameanInternetsensation.

GrowingupinaneighborhoodoutsideofStateCollege，Marywasalwaysfondofbirdsandanimalsaroundherhome，butshedidn'tinteract（交流）withpeopleverymuch.ShewaslaterdiagnosedwithAsperger'ssyndrome，butthesquirrelschangedthat.“Thesquirrelshelpmebreaktheice，becauseI'llbesittingherepattingasquirrelandotherpeoplewillcomeoverandwe'lljuststartlikefeedingthesquirrelstogetherandchattingaboutthem，”shesaid.“Iamalotmoreoutgoing.”

Andincaseyou'rewonderinghowMaryisabletogetthesquirrelstodowhatshewantsforherphotos，ithasalottodowithfood.Forexample，whenevershewantsthemtoholdorplaywithsomething，sheputspeanutbutterontheprop（道具），andthey'llgrabit.Butgettingtothatparttookawhile.Inthebeginning，shewouldthrowpeanutsupthetreesoncampusandinvitethesquirrelstocomedownandgetthem，buttheyhesitatedtoapproachher.Shehadthepatiencetoearntheirtrust，though.

Thisyear，MaryisgraduatingwithadegreeinEnglishandwildlifesciences.Shewantstobeasciencewriterandeducatepeopleonhowtopreservetheenvironment.Asforherfurryfriends，Maryplanstostayintheareaandvisitthemasoftenasshecan.

1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sensation”inParagraph2probablymean?

A．Hit.　　B．Challenge.

C．Attack.D．Link.

2．WhatkindofchangedosquirrelsbringtoMary?

A．Sheissickerthanbefore.

B．Sheismoreinterestedinanimals.

C．Sheismoresociablethanbefore.

D．Sheislesswillingtogotocollege.

3．HowdidMarymanagetotakephotosofsquirrelswearinghats?

A．Byputtingthemincages.

B．Byplayingmusictothem.

C．Byattractingthemwithcolorfulfood.

D．Bybuildingacloserelationshipwiththem.

4．WhichwordscanbestdescribeMary?

A．Confidentandstrong.

B．Patientandcaring.

C．Sociableandhealthy.

D．Traditionalandhardworking.

【解题导语】宾夕法尼亚大学的“松鼠女孩”Mary曾经被诊断出患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠改变了她，使她变得外向起来。

在和松鼠之间建立了信任以后，Mary拍了一些戴帽子的松鼠的照片，在互联网上引起了轰动。

【难句分析】Andincaseyou'rewonderinghowMaryisabletogetthesquirrelstodowhatshewantsforherphotos，ithasalottodowithfood.

分析：

这是一个主从复合句。

句中incase引导条件状语从句，该从句中how引导宾语从句Maryisabletogetthesquirrelstodowhatshewantsforherphotos作动词wondering的宾语，该宾语从句中what引导另一个宾语从句，作动词do的宾语。

译文：

如果你想知道Mary是如何能够让松鼠做她想让它们做的从而得到（她想要的）照片，这与食物有很大关系。

1．A　考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Theresponsewasgreatlypositive,andbeforelongMaryandhersquirrelsbecameanInternetsensation”可知，Mary拍的照片得到了非常积极的回应，在互联网上引起了轰动。

hit“风行一时的事物”与画线词意思相近，所以A项正确。

2．C　考查细节理解。

根据第三段的内容可知，Mary之前不善于交际，并被诊断患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠改变了她，使她变得外向了。

3．D　考查细节理解。

根据第四段的描述可知，想给松鼠拍照需要借助食物，但并不是只要给松鼠食物，松鼠就会让她拍出想要的照片，她必须和松鼠之间建立信任而亲密的关系。

4．B　考查推理判断。

根据文中Mary与松鼠的相处及第四段中的“Shehadthepatiencetoearntheirtrust，though”可知，Mary有耐心且有爱心。

B

（2018·福州市高三毕业班适应性练习）

Knownas“TheManwiththeGoldenArm”，nearlyeveryweekforthepast60years，JamesHarrisonhasdonatedbloodplasma（血浆）fromhisrightarm.Thereasonscandatebacktoaseriousmedicalprocedure.

“WhenIwas14，Ihadachestoperation，”recallsHarrison，whoisnowaged80.“MyfathersaidIhadreceived13unitsofbloodandmylifehadbeensavedbyunknownpeople.SoIsaidwhenI'moldenough，I'llbecomeablooddonor.”

SoonafterHarrisonbecameadonor，doctorscalledhimin.Hisblood，theysaid，couldbetheanswertoadeadlyproblem.

“InAustralia，upuntilabout1967，therewereaboutthousandsofbabiesdyingeachyearbecauseoftherhesusdisease（恒河猴溶血病），”explainsJemmaFalkenmire，oftheAustralianRedCrossBloodService.

Harrisonwasdiscoveredtohaveanunusualantibody（抗体）inhisbloodandinthe1960sheworkedwithdoctorstousetheantibodiestodevelopaninjection（注射）calledAntiDwhichcanpreventthisdisease.

Harrison'sbloodisprecious.EverybatchofAntiDthathaseverbeenmadeinAustraliahascomefromHarrison'sblood.HeandAntiDarecreditedwithsavingthelivesofmorethan2millionbabies，accordingtotheAustralianRedCrossBloodService：

That'sabout2millionlivessavedbyoneman'sblood.

Harrisonisconsideredanationalhero，andhaswonnumerousawards.Hehasnowdonatedhisplasmamorethan1,000times，butnomatterhowmanytimeshe'sgivenbloodthere'sonethingthatwillneverchange：

“Ilookattheceilingorthenurses，maybetalktothemabit，butneveroncehaveIwatchedtheneedlegoinmyarm.Ican'tstandthesightofblood，andIcan'tstandpain，”hesays.

5．WhatwasthemainreasonforHarrison'sbecomingablooddonor?

A．Hehasagoldenarm.

B．Hehaspreciousbloodplasma.

C．Hisfatherencouragedhimtohelpothers.

D．Donatedbloodoncemadehimsurvive.

6．WhyisJames'bloodprecious?

A．JameshastheAntiDinhisblood.

B．Hisbloodismoreusefulintreatingtherhesusdisease.

C．James'bloodisthemainsourceofAntiDinAustralia.

D．Jameshasdonatedmoreplasmathanotherdonators.

7．HowdoesHarrisonfeelwhendonatinghisplasma?

A．Nervous.B．Relaxed.

C．AnxiousD．Excited.

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了JamesHarrison用自己的血液挽救了超过两百万名婴儿生命的故事。

5．D　考查细节理解。

根据第二段的“MyfathersaidIhadreceived13unitsofbloodandmylifehadbeensavedbyunknownpeople.SoIsaidwhenI'moldenough，I'llbecomeablooddonor”可知，Harrison知道他的生命是被不相识的人救的，所以长大要做一个献血者。

故D项正确。

6．C　考查细节理解。

根据第六段第一、二句“Harrison'sbloodisprecious.EverybatchofAntiDthathaseverbeenmadeinAustraliahascomefromHarrison'sblood”可知，Harrison的血液宝贵的原因是他的血液是澳大利亚AntiD的主要来源，故C项正确。

7．A　考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Ilookattheceilingorthenurses,maybetalktothemabit，butneveroncehaveIwatchedtheneedlegoinmyarm”可知，在献血时他看着天花板或者护士，也许跟护士聊一聊，但从来不看针扎进手臂。

据此可以判断，他在献血时很紧张，故A项正确。

C

（2018·济宁市高考模拟考试）

Twoyearsago，DimasAliprandiandEltonPlasterdidn'tknowofeachother'sexistence.Thentheylearnedtheyhadbeenswitchedatbirthbymistakemorethan20yearsago.Thediscoverydidn'tbringbitterness.Rather，itledtothecreationofabiggerfamily.

ThechainofeventsstartedwithDimas，whowasalwayswonderingwhyhedidnotlooklikethefoursistershegrewupwith.Hewas14whenhisdoubtsgrewafterwatchingaTVnewsreportonbabiesgettingswitchedatbirthbecauseofmistakesathospitals.HewantedtodoaDNAtest，butitwastooexpensiveforthefamily.

Adecadelater，Dimasdiditonhisown.TheDNAtestshowedthathewasnotthebirthsonofthemanandwomanwhohadraisedhim.Thenewswasashockforhisparents.Theyatfirstrefusedtobelievetheresults，buteventuallydecidedtohelphimlookforhisbiologicalparents.

ThesearchbeganattheMadreReginaProtmannHospitalwhererecordswerechecked.ThehospitalsearcheditsrecordsandfoundEltonPlasterwasbornthereonthesameday.

TherecordsledDimastothe35acrefarmwherePlasterlivedwithhisparents，NilzaandAdelson，inthetownofSantaMariadeJetiba，about30milesfromtheAliprandihomeinJoaoNeiva.Aftertests，thePlastersdiscoveredthatEltonwasthebiologicalsonofthemanandwomanthatDimashadbeencallingMomandDadfor24years.Meanwhile，thecoupleEltonhadalwaysregardedashisbiologicalparentswereDimas'parents.

Aboutayearago，AliprandiandtheparentswhoraisedhimacceptedanofferfromthePlasterstomovetotheirfarm，wheretheybuiltahome.“Thisisthewayitshouldbe，”AdelsonPlasterrecentlytoldGloboTV.“WearealltogetherandInowhavetwosonslivingandworkinghere.”

8．Whowasthefirsttodiscoverthebabyswitch?

A．EltonPlaster.B．DimasAliprandi.

C．GloboTV.D．Thehospital.

9．WheredotheAliprandisnowlive?

A．InSaoPauo.

B．InJoaoNeiva.

C．InMadreReginaProtmann.

D．InSantaMariadeJetiba.

10．WhatdidtheAliprandisdowhentheyknewaboutthebabyswitch?

A．TheytookanotherDNAtest.

B．Theyswitchedthehospital'srecords.

C．TheyhelpedDimasfindhisbirthparents.

D．TheywenttoGloboTVformoreinformation.

11．WhoareEltonPlaster'sbiologicalparents?

A．TheAliprandis.

B．ThePlasters.

C．DimasandElton.

D．NilzaandAdelson.

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

两个名叫DimasAliprandi和EltonPlaster的同龄人由于出生时在医院被抱错，互换了父母和家庭，但这个错误反而促成了一个新的大家庭的诞生。

长难句分析：

Aboutayearago,AliprandiandtheparentswhoraisedhimacceptedanofferfromthePlasterstomovetotheirfarm,wheretheybuiltahome.（最后一段第一句）

分析：

本句是复合句。

who引导定语从句，指代先行词theparents；where引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词“farm”。

译文：

大约一年以前，Aliprandi和他的养父母接受了Plaster一家的提议，搬到了他们的农场，在那里他们组建了新家。

词汇积累：

existencen．存在　switchv．调换，转变　eventuallyadv.终于，最终　biologicaladj.生物学的，有血亲关系的

8．B　细节理解题。

根据第二段第一句“ThechainofeventsstartedwithDimas...hegrewupwith.”并联系下文内容可知，Dimas觉得自己和一同长大的四个姐妹长得不像，于是在长大后做了DNA鉴定，所以是他首先发现自己被抱错了。

故选B。

9．D　细节理解题。

根据最后一段第一句中的“Aboutayearago，AliprandiandtheparentswhoraisedhimacceptedanofferfromthePlasterstomovetotheirfarm”并结合下一句可知，DimasAliprandi和他的父母现在同Plaster一家住在一起；再联系倒数第二段第一句中的“wherePlasterlivedwithhisparents，NilzaandAdelson，inthetownofSantaMariadeJetiba”可知，Plaster一家住在SantaMariadeJetiba；由此可知，DimasAliprandi和父母现在住在SantaMariadeJetiba。

故选D。

10．C　细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句“Theyatfirstrefusedtobelievetheresults，buteventuallydecidedtohelphimlookforhisbiologicalparents.”可知，Dimas的父母最初拒绝相信这样的结果，但是最后决定帮助他寻找亲生父母。

故选C。

11．A　细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段第二句“Aftertests，thePlastersdiscoveredthatEltonwasthebio