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论文

分类号密级

UDC编号

本科毕业论文（设计）

题目OnTranslationStrategiesofWuhan-StyleSnacksfromthePerspectiveofSkoposTheory

系别外国语学院英语系

专业名称英语

年级2010级

学生姓名

学号1050210070

指导教师

二零一四年四月

OnTranslationStrategiesofWuhan-StyleSnacksfromthePerspectiveofSkoposTheory

Athesis

submittedinpartialfulfilment

oftherequirementsforthedegreeof

BachelorofArtsintheSchoolofForeignLanguages

School:

SchoolofForeignLanguages

Major:

English

Class:

Name:

StudentNo.:

Supervisor:

Date:

April22nd,2014

Abstract:

Chinesecuisineculture,withalonghistory,hasbeenanindispensablepartofthedailylifeofChinesepeople.Astheoldsayingputs,“Ofallthingsintheworld,foodisthetoppriority.”Chinesepeopleattachgreatimportancetoitandhavedevelopedaparticulartasteduringthelongtime.Wuhan-stylesnackisoneofthefamouscuisinesnotedforitsvariety,uniquetaste,specialcookingtechniques,seasonalityandfolkstyle.AdeepinsightintoWuhan’scuisineculturehelpsusgetabetterknowledgeofthismetropolitancity.

However,researchonthetranslationofWuhansnacksislittleandthetranslationisfarfromstandardizedandholistic.ThisthesisaimsatgivingadeeperthoughttothepropertranslationofWuhansnacksandelaboratingtheirhistoricalandculturalconnotations.Reasonabletranslationstrategiesareputforwardtohelptoachievetheculturalcommunicativegoal.ThispapercombinesSkoposTheorywithWuhan-stylesnacks,andproposesthreetranslationstrategieswhichareacceptabilitystrategy,communicationstrategyandloyaltystrategy.ByintegratingthosestrategiesabovewithfeaturesofthenamesofWuhansnacks,thisthesiscomesupwithtranslationmethodsasliteraltranslation,liberaltranslation,transliteration,transliterationplusannotation,etc.SuggestedversionsaregiventoverifythetranslatingstrategiesandmethodsundertheguidanceoftheSkoposTheory.

Keywords:

Wuhan-stylesnacks;SkoposTheory;communicativegoal;translationstrategies

摘要：

中国饮食文化源远流长，早已成为中国人日常生活中必不可少的一部分，正如一句谚语说道：

“民以食为天。

”中国人与饮食的联系在这句话里体现的淋漓尽致。

中国人对饮食素来讲究，在长期的实践与探索中，形成了自己独特的风味和特色。

其中，武汉小吃品种繁多，风味别具一格，制作过程独特，时令性强，更具民俗特色。

武汉正在努力恢复国际大都市的地位，对其饮食文化的进一步研究将有助于增进我们对她的了解。

然而目前，对武汉小吃翻译的研究实属不多，翻译版本也不够规范、系统。

本文旨在在目的论的指导下，对武汉小吃的翻译作进一步探讨，解释其历史文化内涵，分析并得出较合理的翻译策略，以达到文化交流的目的。

本文将目的论与武汉小吃翻译结合，提出了三个主要翻译策略：

可接受性策略，交际策略，忠诚策略。

本文通过结合以上原则和武汉小吃名称构成特点，总结出了不同的翻译方法：

直译，意译，音译和音译加注释等。

同时提供了一些翻译版本作为参考，来论证有关的翻译策略和方法。

关键字：

武汉小吃 ；目的论；交际目标；翻译方法

Contents

ChapterIIntroduction1

ChapterIILiteratureReview2

ChapterIIIOnNamesofWuhan-StyleSnacks5

3.1ThefeaturesofthenamesofWuhan-stylesnacks5

3.2TheanalysisoftheproblemsoncurrentnamingofWuhan-stylesnacks6

3.2.1The‘word-forword’translation6

3.2.2Thelossofinformation7

3.2.3Differentversionsofthesamesnack7

ChapterIVTheSkoposTheory8

4.1Skoposrule8

4.2Coherencerule8

4.3Fidelityrule9

4.4Loyaltyrule9

ChapterVTheApplicationofSkoposTheorytotheTranslationofWuhan-Stylesnacks9

5.1Thepurposeoftranslation10

5.2Translationstrategies10

5.2.1Acceptabilitystrategy10

5.2.2Communicationstrategy11

5.2.3Loyaltystrategy11

5.3Translationmethods12

5.3.1Literaltranslation12

5.3.2Liberaltranslation12

5.3.3Transliteration13

5.3.4Transliterationplusannotation13

ChapterVIConclusion13

Bibliography16

Chapter

Introduction

TheChinesemarktheiridentitybyvariousspecialfoods,eatingstyleandtypicaltaste.Sofar,Chinesecuisinehasshownitsfunctionasatoolforcross-culturalcommunicationandexchanges.Toachievethisgoal,SkopostheoryisappliedtothetranslationofWuhan-stylesnacks,atraditionalChinesecuisineoffolkstylethatwinsitsreputationathomeandabroad.ThispaperfirstlydiscussesthefeaturesofthenamesofWuhan-stylesnacks,whichareprobablymadeofingredients,cookingmethod,tool,shape,taste,person’snameororiginalplace.Thosenamescanbedescriptive,artisticorhalf-descriptiveandhalf–artistic.Forinstance,“欢喜坨”translatedas“HappinesstoFamilyReunion（FriedSweetGlutinousRiceBallswithSesame）”,isofanartisticfeature.“热干面”,adescriptivetype,istranslatedintoWuhanHotNoodleswithSesamePaste（fromtheEnglishmenuofChineseDishesinWorldExpo）.Infact,theword-forwordtranslationof“热干面”is“HotDryNoodles”.Thoughthelatterismoreloyaltotheoriginaltextandsomehowacceptedbytheforeigners,theformerismorepreferredifguidedbySkoposTheory.Itistobeelaboratedindetailslaterinthispaper.

Thisthesiscanbedividedintothreeparts.ThefirstpartcentersonthevarietyandfeaturesofWuhansnacks.Problemsoncurrenttranslationarealsoaddressed,whichincludethe‘word-for-word’translation,thelossofinformationanddifferentversionsofthesamesnack.NextcomestheSkoposTheory,coveringfourrulesthatareskoposrule,coherencerule,fidelityruleandloyaltyrule.Thelastthreerulesaresubjecttothefirstone.ThenitdealswiththeapplicationofSkoposTheorytothetranslationofWuhan-stylesnacks,whichproposesthreemaintranslationstrategiesasacceptabilitystrategy,communicationstrategyandloyaltystrategy.Underthosestrategies,thispaperfurtherdiscussessomespecifictranslationmethods:

literaltranslation,liberaltranslation,transliteration,transliterationplusannotation.Actuallythereliesnodistinctivedisparitybetweenthosetranslationmethods,theycanworktogethersoastoachievethecommunicativegoal.

Chapter

Literaturereview

ResearchesontranslationstrategiesofChinesecuisinehavebeengraduallydrawingscholars’greaterattention,whichbynomeanshavejustbegunfromrecentyears.Manyhavetheirownuniqueperspectivesandcharacteristics,elaboratingthetranslationproblemsandmethodsofChinesecuisine’snames.Herearesomeoftherepresentatives.

TheInterpretiveTheory（FanChenggong,2009:

14）viewstranslationasanactofcommunicationbetweentwolanguages,whichinvolvesthenon-verbalknowledge—translator’scognitivecomplements,pursuingthesenseequivalenceoreffectequivalenceratherthanthelexisequivalence.Manytranslationscarryingonlythelexicalmessageareconsideredasundertranslationsforthefailuretoconveytheartisticmeaning.Toachievethisgoal,senseisseenasthesmallestunit.InordertofullyinterpretthetranslationprocessofChinesefoodnames,fourprocedureshavebeenputforwardwhicharecomprehension,de-verbalization,reformulationandverification.

Thisperspectivegivesaholisticandclearexplanationtotheprocessoftranslation,thetranslationprinciplesandstrategies.Itstressestheconveyanceofartisticelementsofthefoodnames,i.e.thetransmissionofculture.Thecognitiveelementsaretheprerequisitestoachievesenseequivalence.However,thetheoryputtoomuchemphasisonthecognitivecomplementsofthetranslator.Theideas,experiences,culture,socialbackgroundandideologicalvaluesofthetranslatorplayavitalroleintheprocessoftranslation.Ifthetranslatorisincompetenttocomprehendthesourcetext（ST）wellinapropersituation,themissionoftranslationshallbeimpossibletoaccomplish.

ThePostcolonialtranslationtheorystartsfromtheunequalstatusofChinesecuisineculture,fightingagainsttheethnocentricviolenceandstrugglingfortheculturalidentity.“Thecentralintersectionoftranslationstudiesandpostcolonialtheoryisthatofpowerrelations.”（Munday,2010:

134）ItcriticizesthephenomenaofarbitraryomissionorlossoftheculturalorhistoricalinformationintranslatingChinesedishes.Asaresult,notonlydoesthetranslatorviolatetheruleoffaithfulness,butmakereadersunabletoenjoythe“foreignness”ofsourcelanguage（SL）.Thusthemethodofforeignizationisadvocatedinabidtopreservetheuniquenessoftheoriginallanguageandmakeitsidentitysalient.

TheaimofpreservingSL’sheterogeneitymakesitpossibletoachievetheculturalcommunicationandtransmission,butlessconsiderationofthereader’sacceptabilityandtargetlanguagewillposeachallengeforfullcomprehensionorevenworse,confuseandmisleadtheforeigners.

FromtheperspectiveofSchemaTheory,translationisanalyzedfromthepsychologicalangle.Aschemaisformedonthebasisofanticipatedexperiences,andthenencapsulated,revisedandreshapedthroughlaterexperiences.Peoplehaveformeddifferentschemaduetothedifferentgeographicalareas,customs,historicalandculturalbackgrounds.Theyactinaccordancewiththeirdevelopedschemaandrenewtheirschemawhentheyexperienceanothernewsituation.“ThisviewpointsoutthattranslationisaculturalexportingactproducedbycorrelatingtheSTwithtargettext（TT）withtheshareofschemabetweentheauthorandthetranslator.”（YueFucao,2012:

89）Chinesecuisine,uniquetoourChineseculture,hasnotalwaysfoundcounterpartsinothercuisinecultures.Thusthetranslatorissupposedtofindthesimilaroroverlappingcognitiveschemabetweendifferentculturesto‘bridgethegap’.Inthisprocess,thetranslatorplaysamajorroleinthatheorsheshouldnotonlyhaveagreatknowledgeofthedomesticculturebutofthetargetlanguage’s（TL’s）.Onlywhenheorsheisfamiliarwithbothculturalschemascanheorshebeabletocompletethetranslatingtask.

SkoposTheoryhasalsobeenlargelyappliedtothetranslationofChinesefoodnames.ItfocusesonexpectationsoftheaddresseesinaparticularcontextofTL,regardingthepurposeoftranslationasitscore,whichguidesthetranslationprinciples,rulesandmethods.Therearefourrulesinvolved,thatis,theskoposrule,coherencerule,fidelity