物流专业英语阅读理解.docx

物流专业英语阅读理解.docx

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物流专业英语阅读理解

（一）

Aftercompletingacommercialtransaction,logisticswillexecutethetransferofgoodsfromthesupplier（seller）tothecustomer（buyer）inthemostcost-effectivemanner.Thisisthedefinitionoflogistics.Duringthetransferprocess,hardwaresuchaslogisticsfacilitiedandequipment（logisticscarriers）areneeded,aswellasinformationcontrolandstandardization.Inaddition,supportsfromthegovernmentandlogisticsassociationshouldbeinplace.

Threemajorfunctionsoflogistics

1.Creatingtimevalue:

samegoodscanbevalueddifferentlyatdifferenttimes.Goodsoftenstopduringthetransferprocess,whichisprofessionallycalledthestorageoflogistics.Itcreatesthetimevalueforgoods.

2.Creatinglocationvalue:

samegoodscanbevalueddifferentlyatdifferentlocations.Thevalueaddedduringthetransferprocessisthelocationvalueoflogistics.

3.DistributionprocessingValue:

sometimelogisticscreatedistributionprocessingvalue,whichchangesthelength,thicknessandpackagesofthegoods.Likepopularsaying,“cuttingintosmallerparts“isthemostcommonlyseendistributionprocessingform.Mostprocessingwithinlogisticscreateaddedvalueforgoods.

1.Whatisthemeaning“cost-effective”?

（）

A.Costreduced

B.Economically

C.Costevaluate

D.Toaddcost

2.（）createstimevalue

A.Transportation

B.Goodflow

C.Differentlocation

D.Storage

3.Whatisthesamemeaningoflocationvalue?

（）

A.Differentvalue

B.Differentvalueofsamegoodsatthedifferentplaces

C.Differentgood

D.Differentvalueofdifferentgoodsatthesameplace

4.Whatisthedistributionprocessingvalue?

（）

A.Distribution

B.Processing

C.Salesandprocessing

D.Changingthelength,thicknessandthepackageofthegoods

5.Thedistributionprocessvalueisavailableinalllogisticsactivities.Isitcorrectornot?

（）

A.Both

B.Yes

C.Not

D.Notclear

（二）

Anincreasingnumberofcompaniesareinvolvingininternationalmarketsthroughexporting,licensing,jointventures,andownership.Thistrendshouldcontinue.Withsuchexpansionthereisaneedtodevelopworldwidelogisticsnetworks.Integratedlogisticsmanagementandcostanalysiswillbemorecomplexanddifficulttomanage.

Therearesomefuturetrendsininternationalization:

1.Morelogisticsexecutiveswithinternationalresponsibilities.

2.Expansionofthenumberandsizeofforeigntradezones.

3.Reductionintheamountofinternationalpaperworkanddocumentation.

4.Moreforeignwarehousingisownedandcontrolledbytheexportingfirm.

5.Increasingnumberofsmallerfirms.

6.Foreignownershipoflogisticsservicefirms,e.g.,publicwarehousingandtransportationcarriers.

7.Increasingmultipledistributionchannels.

Theinternationaltransportandtheinternationallogisticsaresamethingsinsomeway.So,whentheinternationaltradinginvolved,thefirmmustestablishinternationallogisticssystemstoprovidetheproductsandservicesdemanded.Themostsignificantdevelopmentininternationallogisticswillbetheincreasingsophisticationinformationsystemadoptedandindependentdepartmentstooperate.

1.Whatisthesubjectoftheparagraph?

（）

A.Theinternationaltrade

B.Theinternationaltransport

C.Theinternationallogistics

D.Internationaleconomy

2.Whatisthesamemeaningof“Internationalization”?

（）

A.Nationalization

B.Globalization

C.Integration

D.Standardization

3.Whatisthemeaningoftrend?

（）

A.Generaldirection

B.Developingroad

C.Way

D.Path

4.Theinternationaltransportandtheinternationallogisticsaresame.Isitcorrectornot?

（）

A.Notmentionintheparagraph

B.Notclear

C.Wrong

D.Right

5.Theinternationaltradeneedsthe（）tofulfillitstransaction.

A.Trucks

B.Logistics

C.Ships

D.Aircrafts

（三）

Thecharactersofmodernlogisticsarehugequantity,quickresponseandglobalization.Inordertomeettheneeds,informationtechnologyhasbecomethebraintocontrolthem.

Barcode,POS,EDI,GPSandinternetarethemainchoicesfortheoperationoflogistics.Barcodesystemcangetthegoodsinformationfastandexactly.Bythedataprocessingunit,POSsystemcanchecktheinventoryofwarehouseatanytime.WhenthesupercenteradoptsPOSsystem,itcancheckthesalesrecord,inventoryevencashfloweasily.EDIisamagictoolthatcantranslateyourdocumentsintoelectronicdata,sentittoyourpartnerinanylocationbycable.Inthisway,wedon’tneedtomakedealface-to-face.revisethedocuments,declaretocustomsbeforetheshipmentsarrived,andmore.Now,EDIisthemostessentialinformationtoolforinternationaltradeandlogistics.Allofinformationtoolsarebasedoninternet.Intoday’ssociety,theorgansofcommercialandgovernment,schools,evenindividualcanmakeE-commercewithinternet.So,Internetisthegreatestrevolutiontoinfluencethemankind.

1.Informationtechnologycanhelptheoperationofthelogistics,butcan’tchangeitsfuture.

Isitcorrectornot?

（）

A.Correct

B.Wrong

C.Inlimitedway

D.Theroleisnotdecided

2.EDIisthecoreofinformationtechnologyusedininternationaltradeandtransportation.

Isitafact?

（）

A.Correct

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

D.Notclear

3.Whatisthemeaningof“magictool”intheparagraph?

（）

A.Visible

B.Invisible

C.Net

D.Youcan’timageit.

4.Whatismostimportantinformationtechnologyinthelogistics?

（）

A.BarCode

B.DOS

C.EDI

D.GPS

5.WhyistheInternetagreatrevolution?

（）

A.Thenewestscientificandtechnologyinvention

B.Themostadvancedtechnology

C.Thevaluabletool

D.Helpingthemankindgreatly

（四）

Ifashipperhasastrictarrivalanddeparturerequirements,railroadsareatacompetitivedisadvantagecomparedtomotorcarriers.Someofthisdisadvantagemaybeovercomethroughcombinedtransport,whichofferstheeconomyofrailmovementlinkedwiththeflexibilityoftrucking.Trucktrailersaredeliveredtotherailterminals,wheretheyareloadedonflatbedrailcars.Atthedestinationterminaltheyareoff-loadedanddeliveredtotheconsignee-thecustomerwhoreceiverstheshipment.

Anadditionalareainwhichrailroadssufferincomparisontomotorcarriersisequipmentavailability.Railroadlinesuseeachother’scars,andattimesthisequipmentmaynotbylocatedwhereitismostneeded.Railcarsmaybeunavailablebecausetheyarebeingloaded,unloaded,movedwithinrailroadsortingyards,orundergoingrepair.Othercarsmaybestandingidleorlostwithinthevastrailnetwork.Anumberofdevelopmentsintherailindustryhavehelpedtoovercomesomeoftheseutilizationproblems.Advanceshaveincluded:

computerroutingandscheduling;theupgradingofequipment,roadbeds,andterminals;improvementsinrailcaridentificationsystems;andtheuseofunittrains,carsownedorleasedbytheshipper;anddedicatedthrough-trainservicebetweenmajormetropolitanareas（nonstopshipmentsofoneorafewshippers’products）.Railroadsownapproximately80percentoftheircarfleet.Theremaining20percentareeitherleasedorownedbyshippers.

1.Thedisadvantagesofrailtransportcomparedwithmotorcarrieris（）

A.Cost

B.Speed

C.Lostanddamageratios

D.Transittimeandfrequencyofservice

2.Thedisadvantageabovementionedcanbeovercomeby（）

A.Combinedtransport

B.Morefrequency

C.Fasttrain

D.Moreflexible

3.Theadvantageofrailtransportare（）

A.Greatamountofshipped

B.Lessdamageratio

C.Fastspeed、exactschedule、costsaved

D.Directshippingline

4.Railroadsownabout（）oftheircarfleet

A.Half

B.80%

C.20%

D.Notmentioned

5.WhatisthemeaningofMetropolitanareas?

（）

A.Aroundthecity

B.Cityitself

C.Theareanearthecity

D.Bigcityanditsneighborarea

（五）

Inventorycanservetwobasicfunctions:

1.Toprovideareserveforproductionandsales.

2.Togetthepricediscountbypurchasingalargequantities.

Inventorymayberawmaterialsforthefactoryorfinishedproductsforthewholesalerandretailer.Mostofinventoryisplacedinwarehouse.Usually,threewarehousesareavailable:

1.Privatewarehouse.Aprivatewarehouseisownedandoperatedbyacompany.Itisconvenienttotheownerwhocanstoreandprocesseasily.Formostfactoriesandbigtraders,theyoftenhavelargeorsmallwarehouse,moreorlessspacetostoregoods.

2.Publicwarehouse.PublicWarehouseisdevelopingfortheThirdPartLogisticsandoffersspecialservices,includingpackageandarrangementofdelivery.Publicwarehousehasadvantageofbetterserviceandlowercostthanprivateonebyitsspecializedequipmentandmarketingshare.

3.Contractwarehouse.Thiskindofwarehouseisformedanddependedontherelationbetweenthesuppliersandcustomer.

Whenbuyerpurchasesgoods,theydon’toftenshipitatthesametimeandstoreatthesellers’warehouse.Warehouseequipmentconsistsoffolklifttruck,stacker,goodshelfandconveyor,etc.

1.Inventoryisthesameaswarehouse.Isittrueornot?

（）

A.Sometimeyes

B.Not

C.Norelationbetweenthem

D.Differentgoodsatdifferentplace

2.Generallyspeaking,therearetwokindsofinventorywhichare（）

A.Goods

B.Materials

C.Materialsandproducts

D.Rawmaterialsandfinishedproducts

3.Publicwarehouseismostefficient.Whatisyouropinion?

（）

A.Dependonthesituation

B.Yes

C.Not

D.Notcomparable

4.Usually,contractwarehousedoesn’tneedtopay.Isitcorrectornot?

（）

A.Yes

B.Not

C.Itdidn’tmentionit.

D.Sometimeyes,sometimenot.

5　Whatistheequipmentofwarehouse？

（　）

A.Tools

B.Toolsforhandling,loadingandunloading