完整版人教新课标高中英语选修8workbookreadintask.docx

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完整版人教新课标高中英语选修8workbookreadintask

高二下选修8

Unit1Alandofdiversity-ReadingT

LOUISARMSTRONG:

THEGRANDFATHEROFJAZZ

        Somepeopleareconsideredgreat,notjustbecauseoftheirachievementsbutalsobecauseoftheirpersonalities.OnesuchpersonisLouisArmstrong,whoiswithoutadoubtthemostinfluential（有影响的）jazzmusicianofalltime.

        BorninNewOrleansin1901,Louiswassopoorthatheoftenwent"shopping"inrubbishbinsoutsidefancyrestaurants.Althoughsomeboysinhissituationmighthaveturnedtocrimetogetmoneyforfoodandclothing,Louisneverdid.InsteadheandseveralotherboyssangonthestreetsofNewOrleanstoearnafewcentsfrompassers-by.

  Attheageof12,LouiswasarrestedbythepoliceforfiringagunintotheairataNewYear'sEveparty.Hewassenttoaschoolforproblemboyswherethemusicteachertaughthimtoplaydrumsandthetrumpet.Whenhelefttheschooltwoyearslater,Louisfoundworkwhereverhecouldandintheeveningswenttolistenandlearnatclubswherejazzmusiciansplayed.Hewasnoticedbyawell-knownmusiciancalledJoe"King"Oliverwhobegantoteachhimaboutjazzandtofindhimjobsinbands.WhenJoeOliverleftNewOrleansin1917,Louistookoverhisjobinoneofthebestbandsintown.

       Overthenextfewyears,Louisimprovedasamusicianandin1922hebegantravellingtoothercitiesintheUnitedStateswhereheintroducedhisparticularstyleofjazztoenthusiasticaudiences.In1924,hebeganrecordinghismusicandfromthattimeonmusiciansfromeverywherewouldlistentohim.Beforelong,hehadbecomeaverybigjazzstar,aspopularasmajorrockstarsaretoday.LouislovedentertainingpeopleandtouredallovertheUnitedStatesbeforetravellingtoEuropein1932.

       Aswellasplayingwithhisbandandrecordinghismusicforalmost50years,LouisArmstrongactedinover50moviesandwrotetwoautobiographies.Hewasabletocommunicatewithpeoplefrommanydifferentbackgrounds-richandpoor,famousandordinary,educatedanduneducated,musiciansandnon-musicians.Forthisreasonthegovernmentencouragedhimtotraveltoforeigncountries,especiallyEuropeandAfrica,asanunofficialgoodwillambassador（非官方亲善大使）fortheUnitedStates.HespokepubliclyabouttherightsofblackpeopleinAmerica,usinghisfametohelpinthefightforequalrightsforallAmericancitizens.

     Althoughhebecamerichandfamous,LouisArmstrongcontinuedtoliveasimplelifeinaworking-classneighbourhood.Althoughhishealthwasnotgoodinthelastthreeyearsofhislife,hecontinuedplayingandrecordinguntilJuly6th,1971,whenhediedinhissleepathishomeinNewYork.LouisArmstrongisstillrememberedtodayasthemostimportantpersonintheearlyhistoryofjazz.Hismusicisaspopulartodayasiteverwasandmostofthemusicherecordedfrom1924to1971isstillavailable.

Unit2Cloning-ReadingTaskA DEBATE

Topic:

          Shouldmedicalcloningbeallowed?

TeamA:

Theysupporttheideathatthereshouldbemedicalcloning.

       Hello,chairpersonandeveryoneelseheretoday.Isuggestthatmedicalcloningisveryimportantforcuringseriousillnessesthatatpresenthavenocure;forexample,toreplacenervecellsinsomeonewhohassufferedastroke.Mostprofitablytheycanbeusedtohelpwithdiseasesthatgraduallycausepeopletolosetheirabilitytomoveeasilyortothink（suchasParkinson'sDisease）.Withthehelpofspecialcloningtechniques,suchpeoplecanberestoredtoperfecthealthandbeabletoliveanormallifeagain.Thisisawonderfulthingforthembecauseitimprovestheirqualityoflife.

      Butfirstweneedtobeclearabouttheadvantagesoftheprocedure.

   ◎Thereisnodangerofthebodyrefusingtoacceptthenewcells.

   ◎Nobodyneedstodonatetheirownorgansforsomeoneelse'sbenefit.

   ◎Patientscanbetreatedimmediately.

      Itseemsthebenefitsaresoobviousthatwehopeyouwillbeabletosupportourside'spointofview.Thankyou.

TeamB:

Theydisagreethatthereshouldbemedicalcloning.

        Hello,chairpersonandeveryoneintheroom.Iwouldliketosuggestthatmedicalcloningisnotassimpleanissueasmycolleagueclaims.Firstofall,wheredothesestemcellscomefrom?

Well,fromhumancellsofcourse.Ifyoubelieve,thathumanlifecomesintoexistenceassoonasthecellsstarttogrow,thenthepracticeofremovinghumanstemcellsfromanembryokillsit.Thisembryo,ifitwasallowedtocontinuetogrowanddevelop,wouldeventuallybecomeanotherhumanbeing.Sobyusingstemcellstosaveoneperson,weareactuallykillinganother.Isthis

ethicallyjustified（正当的）?

Wefeelthattheanswermustbe"no".

       Atthemomentmedicalcloningresearchisaverynewscience.Ithasbeenmostsuccessfulincloningsomeanimals-butnotall.Thescientistsarealsoworriedabouttheefficiencyofthesystem.SteveSticeoftheUniversityofGeorgiasaid:

      "Wecanmakethousandsofembryos.Therealcostandrealproblemforusiswhenwetransfer（转变）thatembryoandwedon'tproducea（successful）pregnancy.Thatcostsustimeandmoney."

       Ittook29embryostoproduceDollythesheepandthatwasnearlytenyearsago.Butthesituationhasnotgotbetterformammalcloning.Itseemsthattheproblemsforhumancloningwillbeevenmoreseriousasnohumanhasyetbeencloned.Itisobviousthatwemustbeverycautiousaboutmedicalcloninguntiltheseproblemsaresolved.

      Wehopeyouwillagreewithusandsupportourpointofview.Thankyou.

Unit3Inventorsandinventions-ReadWARSLEONARDODAVINCIJUSTRPAINTER?

          In1452oneofthegreatestpaintersandinventors,LeonardodaVinci,wasborn.HisfamilywasverypoorandhegrewupintheItaliancountryside.ButhisdrawingabilityallowedhimtostudyunderthefamouspainterfromFlorence,calledVerrochio.Leonardograduallylearnedtheskillsneededtobeagreatartistandbythe1480shehadbeguntoproducepaintingsofhisown.Unfortunatelyatthistimepaintingdidnotalwaysprovideasteadyincome,sotheyoungLeonardodevelopedhisdrawingskillstoearnmoneyinotherways.Helearnedtodesignwhateverhisemployerwanted:

cities,canals,bridgesorweapons.

       Leonardoprobablybecameinterestedinmachineswhenhewasaboy.Someofhisearlydrawingsshowedclearlyhowvariousmachinepartsworked.WhilehewasstudyingunderVerrochio,Leonardoobservedandusedavarietyofmachines.Bystudyinganddrawingthem,Leonardogainedknowledgeabouttheirdesignandstructure.ArtistsinLeonardo'stimeknewhowtobuildandrepairmanyfamiliarkindsofmachines,butnobodyseemedtohavethoughtaboutinventingnewones.

       However,Leonardowasdifferent.Hedevelopedanewattitudetowardsmachines.Herealizedthatbyunderstandinghoweachseparatemachinepartworked,hecouldimprovethemandcombinethemindifferentwaystoimproveexistingmachines.Inthiswayhebegantodesignmachinesnoonehadeverseenbefore.Hesetouttowritethefirstsystematicexplanationofhowmachinesworkandhowthepartsofamachinearecombinedinthewhole.Hisdrawingskillsenabledhimtoproducecleardrawingsofhismechanicalideaseasily.Evenmorethanfivehundredyearslater,manyofhisdesignscanstillbeusedtocreateperfectworkingmachines.

       Forhim,themostinterestingpartwastheuseofmechanicalgears（齿轮）.Basedonthegear,hecameupwithnumerousdesigns,includingthebicycle,ahelicopter,an"automobile"andsomeweaponsofcourse.

       WhilemakinginventionsLeonardowasalsopainting.Oneofthosewhoknewhimbestrecognizedhisspecialabilitiesanddescribedhiminthesewords:

       "Themostwonderfulgiftsseemtobegiventocertainhumanbeings.Sometimes,marvellously,theycanallbefoundinoneindividual ThiswasseenandacknowledgedbyallmeninthecaseofLeonardodaVinci,whodemonstrated...aspecialgraceineverythinghedid.Histalentwassorarethathemasteredanysubjecttowhichheturnedhisattention Hemighthavebeenascientistifhehadnotbeensoskilledinotherareas."

       TodaywethinkofLeonardodaVinciasoneofthegreatestpainters,butifhehadneverbeenapainter,wewouldstillappreciatehimasoneofthegreatestinventorsofhistime.  

Unit4Pygmalion-ReadingTaskActFive                                              AFTERWARDS

ColonelPickeringandHenrycomeinwithElizaaftereatingtheirsupper.Sheisstillinherbeautifulclothes.TheysitandElizagetsHenry'sslippers.

H:

   Whatanevening!

ThankGodit'sover.（Suddenlyheseestheslippers）Oh,thankyou,Eliza.

CP:

Wereyounervous?

Iwas,butElizawasn't.

H:

   Oh,Iknewshe'dbeallright.Thisprojectwasinterestingenoughatfirst,butitbecameboring.

CP:

Oh,buttheambassador'spartywasextremelyexciting.

H:

   Yes,atfirst.ButthenIsawwewouldwineasily.

CP:

Yes.It'sbeenagreattriumph（胜利）foryou.

Theybothleave.Elizathrowsherselfintoachairandsobsviolently.Henryreturns.

H:

   WheredidIleavemyshoes?

E:

  Heretheyare.Takethem!

ShethrowsthematHenry.

H:

  （amazed）Whatonearth...?

Isthereanythingwrong?

E:

  Nothingwrong-foryou.I'vewonyourbetforyou,haven'tI?

H:

  YOUwonthebet!

Iwonit!

E:

  Oh-youselfishbrute（野兽;冷酷的人）!

What'stobecomeofme?

H:

  HowshouldIknow?

E:

  Youdon'tcare!

I'mnothingtoyou-worthlessthanthoseshoes.

H:

  Areyoucomplainingofyourtreatmenthere?

E:

  No.

H:

  Hasanyonebeenunkindtoyou?

ColonelPickering?

MrsPearce?

Me?

E:

  No.

H:

  Well,perhapsyou'rejusttired.

E:

  I'msorry,butIhave