高中英语Unit4Earthquakes单元综合测评新人教版必修1.docx

高中英语Unit4Earthquakes单元综合测评新人教版必修1.docx

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高中英语Unit4Earthquakes单元综合测评新人教版必修1

单元综合测评（四）

Ⅰ.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

A

Everyyeartherearehundredsofearthquakesindifferentpartsoftheworld.InSeptember,1923，TokyoandYokohamawerebothdestroyedbyanearthquakeandthefiresthatfollowedit.Theyhadtobecompletelyrebuilt.OneofthemostseriousearthquakeswasinChina'sShaanxiProvincein1556.Itkilledalmostonemillionpeople.

Wemeasureanearthquake'sstrengthontheRichterScale.TheRichterScalewasintroducedin1935inSouthernCaliforniaintheUSA.Itmeasuresearthquakesonascaleofonetoten.Anyearthquakemeasuringfiveormoreisusuallyserious.

TheEarth'scrust（地壳）ismadeupofrockcalledplates.Astheseplatesmove,theysometimescrashagainsteachother,causingthecrusttoquake.IncitiessuchasTokyo，wheresmallquakeshappenquiteoften,manymodernbuildingsaredesignedtobeflexiblesowhentheplatemoves,theymovewithit.

Earthquakescanalsobreakupgasandoilpipes.Thiscancausefirestobreakout,whichcandoasmuchdamageastheearthquakeitself.Anothereffectofearthquakesistsunamis.Thesearehugewavescreatedbyearthquakesbeneaththesea.Theycanbemanymetershighandcausegreatdamagetocoastaltownsandcities.China,Japan,RussiaandtheUSAhavethehighestoccurrence（发生）ofearthquakesintheworld.

【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述的是关于大自然中的一种常见的灾难——地震的具体信息等。

1．Thepassageismainlyabout．

A．scientistswhostudyearthquakes

B．thewayofmeasuringearthquakes

C．ausualnaturaldisaster—earthquakes

D．whatpeopleshoulddointheearthquake

【解析】　主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段内容可知本文主要讲述了大自然中的一种很常见的灾难——地震的具体信息。

故C项正确。

【答案】　C

2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A．TheearthquakeinShaanxiProvincehappenedin1556.

B．TheearthquakeinShaanxiProvincekilledalmostonemillionpeople.

C．TheearthquakeinShaanxiProvincecausedalotofdamage.

D．TheearthquakeinShaanxiProvincewastheonlyearthquakeinChina.

【解析】　细节理解题。

根据第一段最后两句OneofthemostseriousearthquakeswasinChina'sShaanxiProvincein1556.Itkilledalmostonemillionpeople.”可知A、B、C三项都是正确的，只有D项描述错误。

故选D项。

【答案】　D

3．Accordingtothepassageweknowthattsunamis．

A．cancauseearthquakes

B．arecausedbyearthquakes

C．onlyhappenonland

D．areawayofmeasuringearthquakes

【解析】　细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段倒数第三句“Thesearehugewavescreatedbyearthquakesbeneaththesea.”说明海啸是由海底的地震所导致的，故B项正确。

【答案】　B

B

Everybodyhatesrats.Butintheearthquakecapitalsoftheworld—Japan，LosAngeles，Turkey—ratswillsoonbeman'snewbestfriends.

Whathappensafteranearthquake？

Wesendinrescuedogs.Why？

Becausetheycansmellpeople.Dogssavelives.Theyhelprescuerstofindlivingpeople.Butdogsarebigandtheycan'tgetintosmallspaces.Sonowanewresearchprojectisusingasmalleranimaltosavelives：

therat.

Howdoesitwork？

First，theratistrainedtosmellpeople.Whenthishappens,therat'sbraingivesasignal（信号）．Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback，andthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.Whentherat'sbrainactivityjumps，therescuersknowthatsomeoneisalive.Therathassmelledthatperson.

Althoughtherearealreadyrobotswhichcandothisjob，ratsarebetter.ChristianLinsteratCornellUniversity，NewYork,says，“Robots'nosesdon'tworkwellwhenthereareothersmellsaround.Ratsaregoodatthat.”Ratscanalsoseeinthedark.Theyarecheaperandquickertotrainthandogs,andunlikerobots,theydon'tneedelectricity!

The“ratproject”isnotfinished,butJulieRyanofInternationalRescueCorpsinScotlandsays，“Itwouldbefantastic.Aratcouldgetintospaceswecouldn'tgetto，andaratwouldgetoutifitwasn'tsafe.”Perhapsforthefirsttimeinhistory，peoplewillbehappytoseearatinabuilding（butonlyafteranearthquake，ofcourse.）

【语篇解读】　人人痛恨的老鼠不久将在地震后的救援中成为人们的好朋友。

4．Intheworldearthquakecapitals，ratswillbecomeman'sbestfriendsbecausetheycan．

A．taketheplaceofman'srescuejobs

B．findthepositionofpeoplealivewhoaretrappedinbuildings

C．serveasfoodforpeoplealivewhoaretrappedinbuildings

D．getintosmallspaces

【解析】　推理判断题。

根据第三段内容可知，人们利用老鼠来搜寻地震中的被困人员，因此答案为B项。

【答案】　B

5．Fromthethirdparagraphweknowtherescuerscanjudgeapersonwhoisaliveby．

A．thenoisemadebytherat

B．therat'sunusualbehaviour

C．thesignalsentbytheradioontherat'sback

D．thesmellgivenoffbytheperson

【解析】　细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“Whenthishappens，therat'sbraingivesasignal（信号）．Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback，andthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.”可知答案为C项。

【答案】　C

6．Indoingrescuejobs，．

A．ratssmellbetterthandogs

B．dogsdon'tneedtobetrainedtosmellpeople

C．robots'senseofsmellcanbeaffectedbyothersmellsaround

D．ratscanseeinthedarkandaresmallerthanrobots

【解析】　推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“Robots'nosesdon'tworkwellwhenthereareothersmellsaround.Ratsaregoodatthat”可知，机器人的嗅觉会受到周围其他气味的影响。

【答案】　C

7．RatshaveallthefollowingadvantagesEXCEPTthat．

A．theyaremorefantasticthanotheranimals

B．theyarelessexpensivetotrainthandogs

C．theydon'tneedelectricity

D．theyaresmallandcangetintosmallplaces

【解析】　细节理解题。

文章第一句提到“Everybodyhatesrats.”，由此可知，人们并不喜欢老鼠。

【答案】　A

C

TheGen90sarecoming!

Wearingearphones，usingcomplicatedNetlanguageandconstantlytextmessagingfriends，theGen90sfollowingtheGen80sbegintomaketheirworlddebut（亮相）．

Eachgenerationoragegrouphastheirownsymbolsandlifestyles.ReadonandjudgeyourselvesifyoufittheGen90sprofile.

Earphones

TheselittledevicesseemtogrowontheheadsoftheGen90s.TheymightleadtoMP3，MP4orMP101players，givingtheseyoungpeopleapluggedin，coolandperhapsselfindulgentlook.Ofcourse，lifeisnotalwaysmusictotheears.

MartianLanguage

Theyhavecreatedtheirowncodelikeonlinelanguage.It'samixtureofEnglish，JapaneseandChinesethatperhapsonlyMartianscanunderstand.

Thisisanimaginativegeneration，thoughtheyneedtobecarefultokeepitoutoftheirtermpapers.

Selfportrait

Saying“cheese”totheirowndigitalcamerasiscommonforthisgeneration.Alittlebitofnarcissism（自恋）neverhurtsanyone.Ithelpsthemreflectalittleontheirownlives.Butbeawareoftherisksofpostingprivatephotosonline.

Textmessaging

Theycantypeasfastastheycanspeak.Thisisagenerationthatrespectsefficiency.Nevertheless，oralcommunicationisimportantandwillnevergooutofstyle.

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了90后独特的生活风尚，并且给出了切实的忠告。

8．Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage?

A．Teens.　B．Educators.

C．Socialists.D．Parents.

【解析】　推理判断题。

由第二段“ReadonandjudgeyourselvesifyoufittheGen90sprofile.”中的you可知这篇文章是写给青少年的。

【答案】　A

9．Accordingtothepassage，ifyoubelongtotheGen90s，youwill．

A．justappreciateyourselfandignoreothers'strengths

B．haveyourownsymbolsandlifestyle

C．havethesamesymbolsandlifestyleoftheGen80s

D．likemusicanddanceverymuch

【解析】　细节理解题。

由第二段“Eachgenerationor...hastheirownsymbolsandlifestyles.”可知B项正确。

其他三项与文章内容不符。

【答案】　B

10．Themainideaofthepassageisabout．

A．theGen90s'happylife

B．thedifferencesbetweentheGen80sandtheGen90s

C．theGen90s'uniquelifestylesandsomepracticalwarnings

D．thesimilaritiesbetweentheGen80sandtheGen90s

【解析】　主旨大意题。

本文主要介绍了90后独特的生活方式，并且给出了切实的忠告。

【答案】　C

11．Accordingtothispassage，whichisFALSE?

A．Notallteensarecautiousaboutpostingphotos.

B．Theycantypeasfastastheyspeak.

C．TheGen90shaveapreferenceforsomemusicplayers，andevenregardthemasanecessarypartoflife.

D．Theydon'tusethecoolandcomplexonlinelanguageinformalwriting.

【解析】　细节理解题。

由第五段“...thoughtheyneedtobecarefultokeepitoutoftheirtermpapers.”可知，有些孩子把这种网络语言用在了考试中，故D项与文章内容不符。

【答案】　D

D

Itwas3：

12a．m.whennineyearoldGlennKreamerawoketothesmellofburning.ExceptforthecrackingofflamessomewherebelowtherewasnotasoundinthetwostoryhouseatBaldwin，LongIsland.Withhisfatherawayonnightdutyatalocalfactory，Glennwasworriedaboutthesafetyofhismother,hissisterKaren,14andhis12yearoldbrotherTodd.HerandownstairsthroughthesmokefilledhousetopushandpullKarenandTodduntiltheysatup.Thenhehelpedeachonethroughthehousetothesafetyofthegarden.There,hissisterandbrother,takingshortandquickbreathsandcoughing，collapsedonthelawn.

Thenineyearoldboyracedbackintothehouseanddashedupstairstohismother'sroom.Hefounditimpossibletowakeherup.Mrs.Kreamer,avictimofthesmoke，wasunconscious,andtherewasnobodytohelpGlenncarryhertothegarden.Buttheboyremainedcalmand，asafiremansaidlater，“actedwithalltheselfcontrolofatrainedadult.”

Onthebedroomtelephone，luckilystillworking，Glenncalledhisfatherand，leavingMr.Kreamertotelephonethefirebrigadeandambulaneservice，thengotonwiththetaskofsavinghismother.

Firsthefilledabucketwithwaterfromthebathroomandthrewwateroverhismotherandherbed.Then，withawetclotharoundhisheadhewentbacktothegarden.

Hecouldhearthefireenginecomingup，buthowwouldthefiremenfindhismotherinthesmokefilledhousewhereflameshadalmostswallowedupthegroundfloor?

Graspingfirmlyaballofstringfromthegarage，Glennracedbackintothehouseanddashedupstairstohismother'sroom.Tyingoneendofthestringtoherhandheranback，layingoutthestringashewent，throughthehallandbackoutintothegarden.

MinuteslaterhewastellingfirechiefJohnCoughlan，“ThestringwillleadyoutoMother.”Mrs.Kreamerwascarriedtosafetyastheflameswerebreakingthroughherbedroomfloor.

【语篇解读】　本文讲述了少年在大火发生时，沉着冷静，救了自己的家人的故事。

12．WhydidGlennrundownstairsfirst?

A．Hewantedtofindoutwhatwashappening.

B．Hewasworriedabouthismother'ssafety.

C．Hewantedtosavehissisterandbrother.