高考英语专题复习试题话题二十 文化交流与社会礼仪.docx

高考英语专题复习试题话题二十 文化交流与社会礼仪.docx

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高考英语专题复习试题话题二十文化交流与社会礼仪

话题二十　文化交流与社会礼仪

1．actv．行动；充当；起作用；对……有作用，有影响

n．行为，行动；法案；一幕；一段表演

actas充当；担任

2．advisev．劝告；忠告；提出建议；通知

advisesb.todosth.劝告某人做某事

advisesb.against（doing）sth.劝告某人不要做某事

3．affectvt.影响；感染；打动

beaffectedtotears感动得流泪

4．astonishvt.使惊讶

astonishingadj.令人惊讶的

astonishedadj.感到惊讶的

astonishmentn．惊讶；吃惊

5．attackv．&n.攻击；袭击；抨击；侵袭

underattack遭到袭击；遭到抨击

6．banvt.禁止；取缔

n．禁令；谴责

bandoingsth.禁止做某事

bansb.from（doing）sth.禁止某人（做）某事

7．changev．变换；改变；交换；兑换

n．变化；零钱

change...into...把……变成……

change...for...替代；替换

8．distinguishv．区分；分清；成为……的特征；使有别于

distinguish...from...（distinguishbetween...and...）使……区别于……；区别……和……

bedistinguishedfor因……而出名

9．embarrassvt.使窘迫；使尴尬

beembarrassedat/about因……感到尴尬

embarrassingadj.令人不安的；令人尴尬的

toone’sembarrassment令某人尴尬的是

10．encouragev．鼓励；激励；促进

encouragesb.todo...鼓励某人做……

11．exchangen．交换；互换；交流；兑换

v．交换；交流；兑换

exchangeAforB拿A换B

inexchange（for）作为（对……的）交换

12．harmn．&vt.伤害，害处

doharmtosb.＝dosb.harm伤害某人

Thereisnoharmindoing...做……无害处。

13．honourn．尊敬；崇敬；荣幸，光荣

vt.尊敬；敬重

inhonourof为了表示对……的敬意；为了纪念……

havethehonourtodo/ofdoing...有幸做……

It’sanhonourtodo...很荣幸做……

14．mannern．方式；方法；态度；举止

pl.礼貌；礼仪

ina．..manner用……方式

It’sgood/badmannerstodo...做……有/没有礼貌。

15．peacen．和平；平静；安静；和睦

inpeace安静地

atpeace处于和平状态

16．respectvt.尊重

n．尊重；敬意；问候；方面

inrespectof/withrespectto关于

outofrespect出于尊敬

have/showrespectfor尊敬；尊重；重视

17．significancen．重要性；意义

beofsignificance重要的

18．before短语、句型

beforelong不久后

longbefore很久以前

Itwas/willbe＋时间段＋before...过了多久才……/多久之后才……

Itwon’tbelongbefore....不久就……

19．but短语

nothingbut只是；仅仅

anythingbut根本不；决不

cannotbutdo...只好；只能

not...but...不是……而是……

20．catch短语

catchon学会；（思想、服饰等）受欢迎，流行起来；（被……）接受；理解，了解

catchone’seye吸引某人的注意

catchsb.doing...发现某人在做……

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Wemustappointapersontoactsecretary.

2．Patientsareadvised（cut）downontheirconsumptionofalcohol.

3．Shewasaffectedtearsbyhisstory.

4．Shecaughthim（smoke）acigarette.

5．I’mthinkingofchangingmycarabiggerone.

6．（distinguish）forhisknowledgeofeconomics，hewaselectedasheadoftheeconomicschool.

7．Itwas（encourage）thatherecognizedthedangersthecompanyfaced.

8．Thenewdiscoveryisofgreat（significant）tothiscity’seconomy.

9．Itisgreathonourformetotellyousomeinformationrelevanttothelocallife.

10．Thegovernmenthascomefierceattackforitsdecisiontoclosethefactory.

11．TheChinesegovernmenthasdecidedtoban（smoke）inpublicplacesacrossthecountry.

12．isnoharminwritingdownyournameontheform.

13．“We’resopleasedtomeetyouatlast，”hesaidina（respect）toneofvoice.

14．Itis（embarrass）thatourstreetsaresodirty.

15．willbethreeyearsbeforethesepeachtreesbegintobearfruit.

Ⅱ.按要求完成句子

1．Hewasrespectedbyeveryoneanddecidedtomakegreatcontributionstothecountry.（用with复合结构改写）

2．Hewasaffectedbythefailureintheexamandlostheart.（用过去分词短语作状语改写）

3．他用一个苹果换我一块蛋糕。

（一句多译）

①

（exchangen．）

②

（exchangev．）

4．Ifeelhonouredtobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.（用it作形式主语改写）

5．对所发生的事情一无所知，这让他很难堪。

（一句多译）

①

（embarrass）

②

（embarrassment）

（一）阅读理解

Iwroteabusinessplantheotherday.Igaveittomyhusbandforsuggestions.Afterreadingit，hesaid，“Idon’tthinkthisisuptoyourusualstandards.”Isaid，“Ineedmoreinformation.Whatdoesn’twork？

”Hesaidhewasn’tsure.Ithentooktheletterandrereadit.

Heasked，“HowaboutifIlookatitagainandmakenotesbetweenthespace？

”Iagreed.AhalfhourlaterIlookedathisnotesandtoldhimhedidn’tunderstandthesituationandwhatIreallywantedtoexpress.Heshrugged（耸肩）andsaidOK.Itooktheletterandwentbacktomycomputerandagainrevised.AsIwaswriting，Icouldseemyletterimprovingbasedonhissuggestions.WhenIfinished，Iproudlyhandedtheletterbacktomyhusband.Hereaditforthethirdtimeandsaid，“It’sstillnotrightbutIcouldn’texactlysay.”IwasalittleannoyedandthentoldhimIwasthewriterandIhadseensomegoofylettershesentout.ButIpickedupmyletterandwentbacktothecomputer.

Afteranhourofrevisions，Iwentbacktomyhusbandapologeticallywiththeletterinhand.ItoldhimIwassorryforwhatI’dsaidandaskedifhewouldpleasereadtheletteragainbecauseIdidvaluehiscontribution.Beingaverypatientandkindheartedfellow，heonceagainreadmyletteranddeclaredthatitwasfine.

Thisallleadsmetothefollowing:

Whenyouaskforadviceonaproject，beappreciativeandgrateful.Understandthattheadviceandsuggestionsyougetmaybenegative.Understandthatitmaymeanmoreworkforyou.Andkeepinmindthatthefinalresponsibilityfortheprojectisstillyours.Sobemodestandthankfulevenifheorshehasnotedsomeproblems.

1．Whydidtheauthorgiveherbusinessplantoherhusbandatfirst?

A．Toshowoffherexcellentwork.

B．Tohavehimtypeitonthecomputer.

C．Toaskhimtomakesomechangesfromalldetails.

D．Toaskhimtogivehersomeadvice.

2．Theauthor’shusbandshruggedafterhearingherwordsbecausehe.

A．believedinhisjudgementbutcouldn’tfindwhy

B．knewtherewasnothingwronginthebusinessplan

C．doubtedabouthimselfsincehefoundnoexcuses

D．believedhehimselfwasrightandknewtheroots

3．Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthor’shusbandwas.

A．selfish，proudanddetermined

B．goodatexpressinghimself

C．honest，kindandpatient

D．humorous，activeandcareful

4．Theauthorwantstotellusthatifyouaskforsuggestions，.

A．doacceptallsuggestionsfromthegivers

B．don’tgetupsetifsomearenegative

C．dokeepsilentbeforetakingaction

D．dobegratefulandconfident

（二）七选五

HowNottoBeAwkward

Notallofusareoutgoingandreadytotaketheworldbystorm.5Thisusuallyhappenswhenapersonisstillinhisorherteenyearsandgoingthroughthesocializationprocess.So，whatcanapersondotoovercomethistendencytobeawkward.Let’strytofindanswerstothequestions.

Stayinshapeanddressupwell

Sometimes，awkwardnesscouldbeduetobeingoverweight.Whenyouarelargeinsize，youtendtogetveryselfconscious.So，inordertoavoidthis，getintothehabitofexercisingeveryday.6Ifyoulookasifyouhavejuststeppedoutofa1980’sfilmwhenactuallyitis2011，thereisnodoubtthatyouareboundtofeelawkwardaboutyourself.

Beoptimistic

Anothereffectivetiponhownottofeelawkwardistoalwayskeepasmileonyourface.7Ontheotherhand，asmiling，happyandpositivethinkpersonisappreciatedbyeverybody.So，smilewhenyoumeetacquaintancesorevenstrangers，sayacheerful“Hi！

”andautomaticallysomeofyourawkwardnesswilldisappearcompletely!

Participateinteamactivities

Thisonereallyhelps.Awkwardnessgenerallydevelopswhenapersonremainsisolatedfromothers.So，inordertochangethissituation，joingroups.8Joiningpeopleinbookreadingsessionsaswellasdebateswillhelpremoveyourawkwardness.Chooseanyactivityofyourchoice，suchasplayingteamsportsorjoiningadanceclass，andsoonyouwillfindyourcomfortlevelaroundpeopleincreasingdaybyday!

Developyourpersonality

BeingabookwormoranInternetaddictwillnotgetyouanywhere.Forselfimprovement，takeupahobbythataddsmeaningtoyourlife.Learnsingingortryadventuresports.9

A．Learnhowtoendaconversation.

B．Secondly，haveappropriateclotheson.

C．Forinstance，ifyouareareadinglover，joinabookclub.

D．Ifyoulooksad，nobodywillactuallylikebeingwithyou.

E．Somethingassimpleaslisteningtomusicwilldowonderstoo.

F．Manyamongusareshyandmayevenfeelkeptapartfromothers.

G．Awkwardnesscouldbebecauseyoudonothaveanythingincommontotalkabout.

（三）完形填空

ThesurveyaboutchildhoodintheThirdWorldshowsthatthestruggleforsurvivalislongandhard.Butintherichworld，childrencan10fromadifferentkindofpoverty—ofthespirit.11，oneWesterncountryalonenowsees14,000attemptedsuicides（自杀）everyyearbychildrenunder15，andonechild12fiveneedspsychiatric（心理）advice.

Therearemanygoodthingsabout13intheThirdWorld.Takethecloseandconstantrelationbetweenchildrenandtheirparents，relativesandneighborsforexample.IntheWest，theverynatureofworkputsdistancebetween14andchildren.ButinmostThirdWorldvillagesmotherandfatherdonotgomilesawayeachdaytoworkinoffices.15，thechildseesmotherandfather，relationsandneighborsworking16andoftensharesinthatwork.

Achild17inthiswaylearnshisorherrolethroughjoininginthecommunity’s18：

helpingtodigorbuild，lookafteranimalsorbabies—ratherthan19playingwithwaterandsandinkindergarten，keepingpets20playingwithdolls.

Thesechildrenmaygrowupwithalessoppressivesenseofspaceandtimethanthe21children.Theirsenseofdaysandtimehasalottodowiththechangeofseasonsandpositionsofthesunorthemooninthesky.Childrenintherichworld，22，areprovidedwithawatchasoneofthe23signsofgrowingup，sothattheycan24alongwiththeirparentsaboutbeinglateforschooltimes，mealtimes，bedtimes，thetimesofTVshows...

TheThirdWorldchildrendonotusually25tostayindoors，stilllessinhighriseapartments.Insteadofdangerousroads，“keepoffthegrass”signsand“don’tspeaktostrangers”，thereisoftenasenseof26tostudyandplay.Parentscanseetheirchildrenoutsideratherthanobservethem27fromtenfloorsup.

28，twelvemillionchildrenunderfivestilldieeveryyearthroughhungeranddisease.ButchildhoodintheThirdWorldisnotall29.

10．A.comeB．learn

C．sufferD．survive

11．A.AsusualB．Forinstance

C．InfactD．Inotherwords

12．A.byB．in

C．toD．under

13．A.childhoodB．poverty

C．spiritD．survival

14．A.adultsB．fathers

C．neighborsD．relatives

15．A.AnyhowB．However

C．InsteadD．Still

16．A.awayB．alone

C．alongD．nearby

17．A.growingupB．livingthrough

C．playingD．working

18．A.activityB．life

C．studyD．work

19．A.byB．from

C．throughD．with

20．A.andB．but

C．orD．so

21．A.EasternB．good

C．poorD．Western

22．A.atanymomentB．atthesametime

C．ontheotherhandD．onthewhole

23．A.easiestB．earliest

C．happiestD．quickest

24．A.careB．fear

C．hurryD．worry

25．A.dareB．expect

C．haveD．require

26．A.controlB．danger

C．disappointmentD．freedom

27．A.anxiouslyB．eagerly

C．impatientlyD．proudly

28．A.AboveallB．Intheend

C．OfcourseD．What’smore

29．A.badB．good

C．richD．poor

人们无论写什么文章，都不会是盲目的、毫无目的的。

作者的基本看法、态度、情感，都是通过文章的内容表现出来的，因此，考生必须具备迅速把握主题，理顺文章层次，领会作者的观点和写作意图的归纳判断能力。

那么，考生在做题时怎样才能把握文章的主旨呢？

1．完形填空题考查的一个重要方面是对全文的整体理解以及作者写作意图的把握。

只要抓住主题句，就能抓住文章的主旨。

2．一般来说，主题句在开头有总领文章的作用，给读者指明下文的写作方向；主题句在文章的结尾有总结全文、点明中心的作用。

分析好文章的开头和结尾就能准确地概括文章的中心思想。

答案解析

话题词汇梳理与对应训练

Ⅰ.1.as　2.tocut　3.to　4.smoking　5.for　6.Distinguished　7.encouraging　8.significance　9.a　10.under　11.smoking　12.There　13.respectful　14.embarrassing　15.It

Ⅱ.1.Witheveryonerespectinghim，hedecidedtomakegreatcontributionstothecountry.

2．Affectedbythefailureintheexam，helostheart.

3．①Hegavemeanappleinexchangeforapieceofcake.

②Heexchangedanapplewithmeforapieceofcake.