考研英语一真题及答案word版0001.docx
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考研英语一真题及答案word版0001
2016考研英语
真题&答案【完整版】
新东方在线
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoung
male.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,_1_thoseoftheyoungwoman,butalsoamatchmaker.Ayoungmancan_2_alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoungman'sparentsmaymakethechoiceofa
spouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.4,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.5aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying6agood
family.
Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays,_7_ythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand_8_prayersofblessing.Partsoftheceremonythebride'sandgroom'swrists,and10acandle
aroundacircleofhappilyinwiththewife'sparentsandmay12with
Divorceislegalandeasyto14,butnotcommon.Divorced
personsare15withsomedisapproval.Eachsprouseretains_16propertyheorshe17intothemarriage,andjointly-acquiredpropertyis18equally.Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice19up:
Thedivorcedmaledoesn'thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwaittenmonths.
1.[A]bywayof[B]onbehalfof[C]aswellas[D]withregardto
2.[A]adaptto
[B]providefor
[C]competewith[D]decideon
3.[A]close
[B]renew
[C]arrange
[D]postpone
4.[A]Aboveall
[B]Intheory
[C]Intime
[D]Forexample
5.[A]Although
[B]Lest
[C]After
[D]Unless
6.[A]into
[B]within
[C]from
[D]through
7.[A]sinee
[B]but
[C]or
[D]so
8.[A]copy
[B]test
[C]recite
[D]create
9.[A]folding
[B]piling
[C]wrapping
[D]tying
10.[A]passing
[B]lighting[C]hiding[D]serving
11.[A]meeting
[B]collection
[C]association
[D]union
12.[A]grow
[B]part
[C]deal
[D]live
13.[A]whereas
[B]until
[C]if
[D]for
14.[A]obtain
[B]follow
[C]challenge
[D]avoid
15.[A]isolated
[B]persuaded
[C]viewed
[D]exposed
16.[A]whatever
[B]however
[C]whenever
[D]wherever
18.[A]withdrawn[B]invested[C]donated[D]divided
19.?
[A]breaks?
[B]warms?
[C]shows?
[D]clears
20.[A]so?
[B]while?
[C]once?
[D]in?
that?
Text1
France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,has
decideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweekto
alawthatwould
makeitacrimetoemploy
ultra-thin
modelson
runaways.
Theparliament
alsoagreedtoban
websites
that
incite
excessivethinness”
bypromotingextremedieting.
Suchmeasures
have
acoupleofuplifting
motives.
They
suggest
beautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.
That'sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyond
protectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath-assomehave
done.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthe
signalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocial
tape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.
Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen(andmanymen)
thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhaps
faintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroor
wasp-waistphysiques.
TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.
Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.
IncontrasttoFrance'sactions,Denmark'sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:
“Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityforthe
impactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.”Thecharter'smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek(CFW),whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.
Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.
21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?
[A]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.
[B]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.
[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.
[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline.
22.Thephrase“impingingon”(Line2,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto
[A]heighteningthevalueof.
[B]indicatingthestateof.
[C]losingfaithin.
[D]doingharmto.
23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?
[A]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark.
[B]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.
[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure.
[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse.
24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor
[A]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions.
[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodels'character.
[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors.
[D]settingahighagethresholdformodels.
25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?
[A]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry'sBodyIdeals
[B]ADilemmafortheStarvingModelsinFrance
[C]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty
[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry
Text2
Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService(NHS)aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.
AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever.”Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair.”Hill'spressures
laterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon't
makecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.
Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.TheConservatives'planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation,evenauthorizing“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilent.OnlyUkip,sensingitschance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.
ItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalConservativeparties.
Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare,incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonareaalone,withnointrusionongreenbelt.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.
Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthem.Underlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.Whyruinruralones?
Developmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope'smostcrowdedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.Thereisnodoubtofthealternative—thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,SpainorIreland.Avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightofthepoliticalspectrum.
26.Britain'spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside
[A]didn'tstarttilltheShakespeareanage.
[B]hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHS.
[C]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily.
[D]isnotwellreflectedinpolitics.
27.AccordingtoParagraph2,theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenowbeing
[A]graduallydestroyed.
[B]effectivelyreinforced.
[C]largelyovershadowed.
[D]properlyprotected.
28.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?
[A]Labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopment.
[B]TheConservativesmayabandon“off-plan”building.
[C]TheLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence.
[D]Ukipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation.
29.TheauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsborne'spreference
[A]highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressure.
[B]showshisdisregardforthecha