英语被动语态.docx
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英语被动语态
Passivevoice
【知识总结归纳】
一般此刻时
am/is/are+.
1）DotheyspeakFrench?
IsFrenchspokenbythem?
2）Theydon’tusetheroom.
Theroomisn’tusedbythem.
一般过去时
was/were+.
1）Thehunterkilledatiger.
Atigerwaskilledbythehunter.
2）Hewrotemanystorieslastyear.
Manystorieswerewrittenbyhimlastyear.
此刻进行时
am/is/are+being+.
1）Theseworkersarebuildinganewbridge.
Anewbridgeisbeingbuiltbytheseworkers.
2）Heismendinghiscar.
Hiscarisbeingmendedbyhim.
过去进行时
was/were+being+.
1）Hewassellingbooks.
Bookswerebeingsoldbyhim.
2）Theywerediscussingtheplanatthattime.
Theplanwasbeingdiscussedbythematthattime.
此刻完成时
have/has+been+.
1）ShehaslearnedmanyEnglishwords.
ManyEnglishwordshavebeenlearnedbyher.
2）Hehasfinishedthework.
Theworkhasbeenfinishedbyhim.
过去完成时
had+been+.
1）Theyhavesolvedtheproblem.
Theproblemhadbeensolvedbythem.
2）Wehadtoldhimthenewsbythen.
Thenewshadbeentoldtohimbyus.
一般未来时
shall/willbe+.
1）Ishallmakeaplan.
Aplanwillbemadebyme.
2）Theyaregoingtofixtheradioinanhour.
Theradioisgoingtobefixedbytheminanhour.
过去未来时
wouldbe+.
was/weregoingtobe+.
1）Hetoldmetheywouldpainttheroom.
Hetoldmetheroomwouldbepaintedbythem.
2）Theyweregoingtoputonaplaythenextweek.
Aplaywasgoingtobeputbythemthenextweek.
情态动词
can/may/must/should+be+.
1）Weshouldhandinourhomework.
Ourhomeworkshouldbehandedinbyus.
2）YoumustanswerthequestioninEnglish.
ThequestionmustbeansweredinEnglishbyyou.
四.如何正确利用被动语态
1.有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。
需要注意的是：
若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，有的需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。
eg.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.（主动语态）
Interestingstoriesareoftentoldtous（byhim）.（被动语态）
▲常带双宾语的词有：
tell,show,lend,pass,ask,five,offer等。
2.在主动语态中，某些动词以后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，那个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，那个to还要还原。
eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主动语态）
Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被动语态）
▲有这种用法的常常利用动词有：
make,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice等。
3.有些“be+过去分词”的结构并非是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词以后由过去分词来充当表语）。
”
比较：
1）Inthisvillagealmosteveryoneismarriedbythesamepriest.（被动语态）
2）SheismarriedtoanEnglishman.（系表结构）
4.只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才能够有被动语态。
被动语态练习
（1）
一.选择填空
1.Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust_____dirtythingsintoit.
A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowing
C.stoptothrowD.stopformthrowing
2.Paper_____firstinventedinChina.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
3.—Doyouliketheflower?
—Yes,it_____sweet.
A.issmellingB.smeltC.issmeltD.smells
4.Itsnowedheavilylastnight.Theground_____thicksnow.
A.wascoveredwithB.wasfilledwith
C.wasmadeofD.coveredwith
5.Thelightintheroom_____beforeyouleave.
A.mustturnoffB.willturnoffC.areturnedD.mustbeturnedoff
6._____thekindofquestionoften_____inyourclass,Ann?
A.Does,askB.Is,askedC.Has,askedD.Will,ask
7.Thebridge_____inthreeweeks.
A.willbuildB.isbuiltC.willbebuiltD.builds
8.Theoldmenandthechildrenmust_____inourcountry.
A.takegoodcareB.betakengoodcare
C.takegoodcareofD.betakengoodcareof
9.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade_____.Healwaysworkshard.
A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning
10.Thegirlwasunhappybecauseshe_____bysomeboysintheclass.
A.islaughedB.waslaughedC.laughedatD.waslaughedat
11.We_____thattheEnglishtest_____nextMonday.
A.aretold,givesB.tell,willgive
C.aretold,willbegivenD.told,isgoingtobegiven
12.Greatchanges_____placeinChinasince1978.
A.havebeentakenB.havetakenC.hasbeentakenD.took
13._____theredpencil-box_____byyourfatherlastweek?
A.Has,boughtB.Was,boughtC.Does,buyD.Did,buy
14.Mary_____manysongsattheparty.
A.heardsingB.heardtosingC.washeardsingD.washeardtosing
15._____treesusually_____inApril?
A.Have,plantedB.Are,plantedC.Do,plantD.Were,planted
16.Whenwegotthere,thebrokenroad_____repaired.
A.isbeingB.wasbeingC.hasbeenD./
17.Thewindowsoftheroom_____onceaweek.
A.hasbeencleanedB.iscleanedC.arecleanedD.arecleaning
18.In1620,abouthalftheUSA_____forests.
A.wascoveredB.wascoveredbyC.werefilledwithD.coveredwith
19.Theyoungtree_____thestick.
A.shouldbetiedtoB.mustbetiedbyC.shouldtietoD.canbetiedwith
20.Apresent_____mebymyfriendonmybirthday.
A.isgivingB.wasgiventoC.isgivenforD.willgiveto
21.By_____wasthebook_____?
A.who,wroteB.whom,writeC.whom,writtenD.whom,writing
22.Filmsaboutcrimeandviolence_____byyoungchildren.
A.shouldnotseeB.shouldbenotseenC.shouldnotbeseenD.shouldbeseen
23.Inwarmweatherfruitandmeat_____long.
A.can’tbekeptB.don’tkeepC.isnotkeptD.aren’tkeeping
24.Halftheworld’stelephonecalls_____inEnglish.
A.aremadeB.aremakingC.makeD.ismade
25.Thatbuilding_____now.
A.isbuildingB.isbuiltC.isbeingbuiltD.builds
26.Thetreesinourschool_____everyFridayafternoon.
A.arewateredB.arewateringC.havewateredD.water
27.More“GreatGreenWalls”must_____allovertheworld.
A.buildB.arebuiltC.bebuildingD.bebuilt
28.Hisschoolbag_____byawomantenminutesago.
A.tookawayB.wastakenawayC.wastakenoffD.istaken
29.It_____thatshe_____veryclever.
A.wassaid,isB.wassaid,wereC.issaid,isD.issaid,isbeing
30.Yesterdayavisitor_____somethingabouthishometown.
A.wasaskedB.wasaskingC.isaskedD.asked
31.Doyoulikethiskindofpaper?
Yes,it_____verynice.
A.isfeltB.feltC.isfeelingD.feels
32.Heassuredmethatthisbook_____well.
A.sellsB.arebeingsoldC.wouldsellD.issold
33.Theboy_____lostonhiswayhomeyesterday.
A.gotB.isC.getsD.has
34.Thoughthecoatisabitlargenow,it_____meverysoon.
A.willbefitB.willfitC.fitD.fits
35.Football_____everywhereintheworld.
A.isplayedB.playC.isplayingD.plays
36.Everybodyherewas_____apresent.
A.gaveB.givenC.TogiveD.Giving
37.Anewfactory_____inourcitylastyear.
A.builtB.hasbuiltC.wasbuiltD.isbuilding
38.Alltreesmust_____wellwhenitisdry.
A.bewateredB.arewateredC.waterD.bewatering
39.Thisshirt_____silk.
A.mustbemadeinB.makebyC.mustbemadeofD.mustbemadeby
40.Thesebooks_____goodcareof.
A.musttakenB.musttakeC.havetotakeD.mustbetaken
41.Stamps_____bypeopleforsendingletters.
A.useB.inusingC.usedD.areused
42.Moretrees_____nextyear.
A.willbeplantedB.willplantC.haveplantedD.areplanting
43.—When_____thePeople’sRepublicofChina_____?
—OnOctober1,1949.
A.did…foundB.was…foundC.was…foundedD.is…founded
44.Today,toomanytreesarestill_____intheworld.
A.cuttingdownB.cutdownC.beingcutdownD.cutted
45.Thiskindofmachine_____Japan.
A.ismadebyB.ismadefromC.ismadeinD.ismadeof
46.Theteachersaysthatthemanwill_____.
A.bewelltakencareB.welllookafterC.takecarewellD.bewelllookedafter
47.—Ithinktheshop_____.
—No,It’sopen.It_____atsix.
A.isclose…closeB.isclosed…closesC.closed…closesD.isclosed
48.IwasastonishedtohearthatthecolourTVset_____5,000yuan.
A.hascostB.costC.costedD.wascost
49.Hewasseen_____somethingfromtheshop.
A.stealB.tostealC.tobestolenD.stealed
50.Shehas_____byherclassmates.
A.laughedB.laughedatC.beenlaughedD.beenlaughedat
二.用正确的时态和语态填空
1.Nearlyeverybodyhere__________（know）whentheoldmuseum__________（build）.
2.Thebuildingcan__________（see）fromeverypartofthecity;It__________（build）manyyearsago.
3.YesterdayTom__________（tell）methathisbike__________（break）lastweek.
4.Thestudents______often__________（tell）totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.
5.Nowhe__________（be）askedifthemeeting__________（hold）nextFriday.
6.Itisknowntoallthatthemoon__________（turn）roundtheearth.
7.MissLioften__________（use）arecorderinherEnglishclass.Butshe__________（notuse）ittomorrow.
8.Vegetables,eggsandfruits__________（sell）inthisshop.
9.English__________（speak）here.
10.Thesong__________（like）byusalltwentyyearsago.
11.Thepictures__________（take）byJacktomorrow.
12.Thecomputer__________（canuse）intheroom.
13.Theroom__________（paint）now.
14.Thenovel__________（translate）intomanylanguagessinceitwaspublished.
15.Thatclock__________（call）BigBen.
16.Lastweek,whenI__________（ask）aboutEnglishculture,Icouldn’tansweritwell.
17.Whatlanguage__________（speak）inyourcountry?
18.Schoolfootballgames______often__________（hold）onFridayevenings.
19.Thefilm__________（show）againsometimenextweek.
20.Ifanything__________（happen）tohim,letmeknow.
21.______thepairofnewshoes__________（suit）you?
22.Thebottle__________（break）bythecatyesterday.
23.Atalltree__________（can,see）inthepicture.
24.Thesportsmeeting__________（hold）lastweek.
25.We__________（tell）yesterdaythatJanewouldcomebackfromAustralia.
26.Look,MrSmith__________（take）tothestationbyMarkinhiscar.
27.Thesetreesshould__________（water）afterthey__________（plant）.
28.TheTVset__________（make）inBeijing__________（produce）lastApril.
29.Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?
Notyet.Therooms__________（paint）now.
30.She_____
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