常用生理学中英文名词对照.docx
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常用生理学中英文名词对照
常用生理学中英文名词对照
按照中文第一个字母顺序查找：
A-GH－NO－TU－Z
A
APUD细胞amineprecursoruptake
decarboxylationcell
氨基甲酰血红蛋白carbaminohemoglobin
暗视觉scotopicvision
暗适应darkadaptation
α僵直αrigidity
B
靶细胞targetcell
被动转运passivetransport
本体感受性反射proprioceptivereflex
比奥呼吸Biotbreathing
比顺应性specificcompliance
编码（作用） coding
变传导作用dromotropicaction
变力作用inotropicaction
变时作用chronotropicaction
波尔效应Bohreffect
补呼气量expiratoryreservevolume
补吸气量inspiratoryreservevolume
不感蒸发insensibleperspiration
不完全强直收缩incompletetetanus
C
残气量residualvolume
层流 laminarflow
长反馈 long-loopfeedback
长时程记忆 long-termmemory
长时程压抑 long-termdepression
长时程增强 long-termpotentiation
肠-胃反射enterogastricreflex
肠-胰岛轴entero-insularaxis
超常期supranormalpeiod
超短反馈ultra-short-loopfeedback
超极化hyperpolarization
超射overshoot
超速驱动压抑overdrivesuppression
潮气量tidalvolume
陈-施呼吸Cheyne-Stokesbreathing
重调定resetting
重吸收reabsorption
出胞exocytosis
出血时间bleedingtime
初长度initiallength
传导 conduction
传导散热thermalconduction
传导性conductivity
传入侧支抑制 afferentcollateralinhibition
垂体门脉系统hypophysialportalsystem
刺激stimulation
粗肌丝thickfilament
促垂体区hypophysiotropicarea
促红细胞生成素erythropoietin
促甲状腺激素thyroidstimulating
hormone
促甲状腺激素释放激素thyrotropin-releasing
hormone
促肾上腺皮质激素adrenocorticotropic
hormone
促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素corticotropin-
releasinghormone
促胃动素motilin
促胃液素gastrin
促胰液素secretin
D
呆小症 cretinism
代偿性间歇compensatorypause
戴尔原则Daleprinciple
单纯扩散simplediffusion
单收缩twitch
单通道电流singlechannelcurrent
单突触反射monosynapticreflex
胆碱能受体cholinergicreceptor
胆碱能纤维cholinergicfiber
胆盐 bilesalt
胆盐的肠肝循环enterohepaticcirculation
ofbilesalt
等长调节homometricregulation
等长收缩isometriccontraction
等容收缩期isovolumicsystole
等容舒张期isovolumicdiastole
等渗溶液iso-osmoticsolution
等张溶液isotonicsolution
等张收缩isotoniccontraction
低常期subnormalperiod
递质 transmitter
递质共存neurotransmitterco-existence
递质门控通道transmitter-gatedionchannel
第一信使 firstmessenger
第一信号系统firstsignalsystem
第二信使secondmessenger
第二信号系统secondsignalsystem
电化学驱动力electrochemicaldrivingforce
电紧张传播electrotonicpropagation
电紧张电位electrotonicpropagation
电突触electricalsynapse
电压门控通道voltage-gatedionchannel
电压钳voltageclamp
定比重吸收constantfractionreabsorption
定向突触directedsynapse
顶体反应acrosomalreaction
动-静脉短路arteriovenousshunt
动脉脉搏arterialpulse
动脉血压arterialbloodpressure
动作电位actionpotential
窦性节律sinusrhythm
短时程记忆short-termmemory
短反馈short-loopfeedback
对侧伸肌反射crossedextensorreflex
对流散热 thermalconvection
E
儿茶酚胺catecholamine,CA
耳蜗内电位endochochlearpotential
耳蜗微音器电位cochlearmicrophonic
potential
二氧化碳解离曲线carbondioxide
dissociationcurve
F
发汗sweating,perspiration
发生器电位generatorpotential
反馈feedback
反馈控制系统 feedbackcontrolsystem
反射reflex
反射弧reflexarc
反向转运antiport
反向转运体antiporter
房-室延搁atrioventriculardelay
非蛋白呼吸商non-proteinrespiratory
quotient,NPRQ
非联合型学习nonassociativelearning
非特异投射系统non-specificprojection
system
非条件反射unconditionedreflex
非突触性化学传递non-synapticchemical
transmission
非正视眼ametropia
肺表面活性物质pulmonarysurfactant
肺活量vitalcapacity
肺扩散容量diffusingcapacityoflung
肺扩张反射pulmonaryinflationreflex
肺内压intrapulmonarypressure
肺泡通气量alveolarventilation
肺泡无效腔alveolardeadspace
肺牵张反射pulmonarystretchreflex
肺容积pulmonaryvolume
肺容量pulmonarycapacity
肺通气pulmonaryventilation
肺通气量pulmonaryventilation
肺萎陷反射pulmonarydeflationreflex
肺总量totallungcapacity
分节运动segmentationcontraction
分泌secretion
锋电位spikepotential
缝隙连接gapjunction
辐辏反射 convergencereflex
辐散式联系divergentconnection
辐射散热thermalradiation
负反馈negativefeedback
负后电位negativeafter-potential
复极化repolarization
Frank-Starling定律 Frank-Starlinglaw
G
γ僵直γrigidity
钙触发钙释放calcium-inducedcalcium
release,CICR
钙泵 calciumpump
钙调蛋白calmodulin,CaM
钙释放通道calciumreleasechannel
钙通道calciumchannel
G蛋白耦联受体 G-proteincoupledreceptor
感觉阈值sensorythreshold
感受器receptor
感受器编码 sensorycoding
感受器适应 sensoryadaptation
感受器电位receptorpotential
工作（心肌）细胞 working（cardiac）cell
功能残气量functionalresidualcapacity
骨传导 boneconduction
骨骼肌牵张反射musclestretchreflex
冠状循环 coronarycirculation
管球反馈tubuloglomerularfeedback,
TGF
H
何尔登效应Haldaneeffect
黑-伯反射Hering-Breuerreflex
横管transversetubule
横桥cross-bridge
横桥周期cross-bridgecycling
红细胞沉降率erythrocytesedimentation
rate
红细胞叠连rouleauxformation
红细胞渗透脆性osmoticfragility
红细胞悬浮稳定性erythrocytesuspension
stability
宏膜电流macroscopicalcurrent
后电位afterpotential
后发放afterdischarge
后负荷afterload
呼气expiration
呼吸respiration
呼吸功workofbreathing
呼吸节律respiratoryrhythm
呼吸困难dyspnea
呼吸商respiratoryquotient
呼吸调整中枢pneumotaxiccenter
呼吸运动respiratorymovement
呼吸中枢respiratorycenter
化学感受器 chemoreceptor
化学感受性反射chemoreceptorreflex
化学门控通道chemically-gatedionchannel
化学性突触chemicalsynapse
缓冲神经 buffernerves
回返性抑制 recurrentinhibition
环式联系recurrentconnection
混合微胶粒mixedmicelles
黄体corpusluteum
J
机械感受器mechanoreceptor
机械门控通道mechanically-gatedchannel
肌动蛋白actin
肌钙蛋白troponin
肌管系统sarcotubularsystem
肌质网sarcoplasmicreticulum,SR
肌节sarcomere
肌紧张muscletonus
肌凝蛋白myosin
肌肉收缩能力contractility
肌丝滑行理论myofilamentslidingtheory
肌源性自身调节myogenictheoryof
autoregulation
基本电节律basicelectricalrhythm
基础代谢basalmetabolism
基础代谢率basalmetabolicrate,BMR
极化polarization
激素 hormone
脊休克spinalshock
机械性消化 mechanicaldigestion
继发性主动转运secondaryactivetransport
简化眼reducedeye
减慢充盈期periodofslowfilling
减慢射血期periodofslowejection
腱反射tendonreflex
腱器官tendonorgan
交叉配血试验cross-matchtest
交感-肾上腺髓质系统
sympatho-adrenomedullarysystem
交感缩血管紧张sympatheticvasomotortone
交互性突触reciprocalsynapses
胶体渗透压colloidosmoticpressure
阶梯现象staircasephenomenon,treppe
解剖无效腔anatomicaldeadspace
近点nearpoint
近视myopia
经通道易化扩散facilitateddiffusionvia
channel
经载体易化扩散facilitateddiffusionvia
carrier
晶体渗透压crystalosmoticpressure
胶体渗透压colloidosmoticpressure
静脉血压venouspressure
静息电位restingpotential
静息心指数restingcardiacindex
精子获能capacitationof
spermatozoa
局部电流localcurrent
局部回路神经元localcircuitneurons
局部神经元回路localneuronalcircuit
局部反应local response
局部兴奋localexcitation
聚合式联系convergentconnection
绝对不应期absoluterefractoryperiod
集团运动massmovements
K
抗利尿激素antidiuretichormone,ADH
抗凝 anticoagulation
可感蒸发sensibleevaporation
可兴奋细胞excitablecell
空间总和spatialsummation
跨壁压 transmuralpressure
跨膜电位 transmembranepotential
跨膜信号转导transmembranesignal
transduction
快反应细胞fastresponsecell
快速射血期periodofrapidejection
快速充盈期periodofrapidfilling
快速眼球运动睡眠rapideyemovementsleep,REMsleep
快波睡眠 fastwavesleep,FWS
L
老视 presbyopia
冷敏神经元 cold-sensitiveneuron
立体视觉 stereopsis
离子泵ionpump
离子通道ionchannel
联合型学习associativelearning
链锁式联系chainconnection
量子释放quantalrelease
临界融合频率criticalfusionfrequency
淋巴液生成 formationoflymph
滤过filtration
滤过分数filtrationfraction,FF
滤过膜 filtrationmembrane
滤过平衡filtrationequilibrium
滤过系数filtrationcoefficient
氯转移chlorideshift
M
脉搏压pulsepressure
慢波slowwave
慢波睡眠slowwavesleep,SWS
慢反应细胞slowresponsecell
慢痛slowpain
每搏功strokework
每搏输出量strokevolume
每分功minutework
每分输出量minutevolume
每分通气量 minuteventilationvolume
迷走紧张 vagaltone
迷走-迷走反射vagovagalreflex
迷走神经vagusnever
敏感化sensitization
明视觉photopicvision
明适应lightadaptation
膜电导 membraneconductance
膜电容membranecapacitance
膜电位 membranepotential
膜电阻 membraneresistance
膜片钳 patchclamp
N
钠泵sodiumpump
钠-葡萄糖同向转运体sodium-glucose
symporter
脑-肠肽brain-gutpeptides
脑电图electroencephalogram,EEG
脑缺血反应brainischemicresponse
内分泌系统endocrinesystem
内环境internalenvironment
内淋巴电位endolymphaticpotential
内皮舒张因子endothelium-derivedrelaxing
factor,EDRF
内皮缩血管因子endothelium-derived
vasoconstrictorfactor,EDCF
内源性凝血途径intrinsicpathway
内向电流 inwardcurrent
内向整流 inwardretification
内因子intrinsicfactor
能量代谢energymetabolism
逆流倍增countercurrentmultiplication
逆流交换countercurrentexchange
逆向转运antiport
粘液-碳酸氢盐屏障mucus-bicarbonate
barrier
粘液性水肿myxedema
凝集原agglutinogen
凝集素agglutinin
凝血因子bloodclottingfactor,
coagulationfactor
O
呕吐 vomiting
P
排泄excretion
旁分泌paracrine
旁分泌调节paracrineregulation
配体门控通道ligand-gatedionchannel
皮层电图electrocorticogram,EcoG
皮层诱发电位evokedcorticalpotential
皮肤温度skintemperature
平静呼吸eupnea
平均动脉压meanarterialpressure
平均体温meanbodytemperature
PQ间期 PQinterval
Q
期前收缩prematuresystole
期前兴奋prematureexcitation
起搏点pacemaker
气传导airconduction
气道阻力airwayresistance
气胸pneumothorax
牵涉痛referredpain
牵张反射stretchreflex
前负荷preload
前馈feed-forward
潜在起搏点latentpacemaker
强直后增强posttetanicpotentiation
强直收缩tetanus
抢先占领capture
清除率clearance
球管平衡glomerulotubularbalance,GTB
屈肌反射flexorreflex
去大脑僵直decerebraterigidity
去极化depolarization
去皮层僵直decorticaterigidity
趋化性chemotaxis
.趋化因子chemokine
“全或无”现象“allornone”phenomenon
QT间期 QTinterval
R
热敏神经元warm-sensitiveneuron
人工呼吸 artificialrespiration
日周期节律circadianrhythm
容量血管capacitancevessel
容受性舒张receptiverelaxation
蠕动peristalsis
蠕动冲peristalticrush
入胞 endocytosis
S
三联管 triad
散光astigmatism
射血分数ejectionfraction
射血期ejectionperiod
射乳反射milkejectionreflex
深吸气量inspiratorycapacity
神经冲动 nerveimpulse
神经递质neurotran
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