国三柴油机故障诊断.docx
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国三柴油机故障诊断
国三柴油机故障诊断
一、发动机起动困难。
案例1
故障症状:
起动机和发动机均有正常起动转速，但不着火;或者有时经过多次长时间的起动方可着火。
故障原因:
燃油管路有空气。
故障性质:
机械故障。
处理方法:
燃油管路排空气。
故障分析:
国III车采用共轨系统，油路排空气相对困难一些，往往操作人员感觉到空气排除干净的，实际还是没有彻底排干净。
根据实际使用情况来看，应该松开油泵回油螺栓来排空气，必要时可松开高压油管，利用起动机带动发动机空转来排空气;如果仅仅是松开燃油滤清器的放气螺钉来排空气，可能不容易彻底排除燃油管路的空气，比较费力。
案例2
故障症状:
起动机和发动机均有正常起动转速，但不着火。
故障原因:
柴油管路或油水分离器堵塞。
故障性质:
机械故障。
处理方法:
清理柴油管路或油水分离器、对有水分离器进行放水，必要时更换，最后要对油路进行彻底排空气。
故障分析:
目前，我国的柴油品质还不能完全满足国III系统的柴油机对于柴油品质的要求，因此，国III发动机的柴油滤清器或油水分formorethan60yearsofruralseniorpartymembercarefunds;Systemofregulatingtheactivitiesofgrass-rootspartyorganizations,andenhancethesenseofbelongingofgrass-rootspartymembers;Holdfasttoimplement"redcredit","redstake"twomajorprojectopportunities,strivetoexplorenewwaysofdevelopmentofvillagecollectiveeconomy,ruralcollectiveeconomyachievebreakthrough;AprogressreviewbytheSecretaryofthepartyworkofgrass-rootspartyorganizations,strengthenstheresponsibilityofgraspingpartybuilding,PartySecretary.Second,strengtheningtheconstructionofcleanandhonestGovernmentandfightagainstcorruption.Seriouslyimplementthehonestresponsibility,activelycarryouttheindependentCommissionagainstcorruptioninterviewsystem,increasetheleadershipandtheday-to-daysupervisionofpartymembersandcadresatalllevels,strengthenthenotWindsofspecialtreatment,treatmentof"laid-backluxuryandarrogance"and"three-pronged"problem,non-gang,nationalpublicofficers,servinginleadershippositionsisnotland,above-standardequippedwithbusesandcarsforprivatepurposes,andrecreationalcityofgifts,hospitality,luxuryandwaste,"emptiedtherating"specialrectificationwork.Adheretotherotwillbepunishing,corruptSu,and1village,4disciplinaryadministrativecadresandworkers.Threeistostrengthenpeacetocreateawork.Strengthensourcemanagement,adheretoprevention,focusingonprevention.Carryoutthe"bigreception,bigtour"campaign,petitioningforthecadresofthe
离器要经常保养，其保养周期要比以前的发动机大大缩短。
（还有一种情况，如果进油软管或回油软管内径太细太长导致进回油进回油不畅，比较严重的也会使发动机启动困难或无法起动。
此时，需要更换符合要求的进回油管，内径最好12毫米以上）。
案例3
故障症状:
起动机和发动机均有正常起动转速，但不着火。
故障原因:
ECU存在故障码。
故障性质:
电器故障。
处理方法:
清除故障码。
故障分析:
此车从机械方面检查均正常，用诊断仪诊断发现有“水温传感器”、“轨压传感器”、“油门踏板”等一些故障显示，清除故障码后，发动机顺利起动。
这种情况估计是维修或操作人员对电控系统的接插件进行了带电插拔的操作，这样系统会产生故障码储存在ECU中，系统起保护作用会限制一些功能甚至无法起动。
案例4
故障症状:
起动机和发动机均有正常起动转速，但不着火。
故障原因:
发动机线束损坏或接插件接触不良。
故障性质:
电器故障。
处理方法:
更换发动机线束或重新拔插各接插件（注意:
此时一定要先关闭电源）。
故障分析:
发动机线束损坏的几率不大，接触不良的情况比较多。
在formorethan60yearsofruralseniorpartymembercarefunds;Systemofregulatingtheactivitiesofgrass-rootspartyorganizations,andenhancethesenseofbelongingofgrass-rootspartymembers;Holdfasttoimplement"redcredit","redstake"twomajorprojectopportunities,strivetoexplorenewwaysofdevelopmentofvillagecollectiveeconomy,ruralcollectiveeconomyachievebreakthrough;AprogressreviewbytheSecretaryofthepartyworkofgrass-rootspartyorganizations,strengthenstheresponsibilityofgraspingpartybuilding,PartySecretary.Second,strengtheningtheconstructionofcleanandhonestGovernmentandfightagainstcorruption.Seriouslyimplementthehonestresponsibility,activelycarryouttheindependentCommissionagainstcorruptioninterviewsystem,increasetheleadershipandtheday-to-daysupervisionofpartymembersandcadresatalllevels,strengthenthenotWindsofspecialtreatment,treatmentof"laid-backluxuryandarrogance"and"three-pronged"problem,non-gang,nationalpublicofficers,servinginleadershippositionsisnotland,above-standardequippedwithbusesandcarsforprivatepurposes,andrecreationalcityofgifts,hospitality,luxuryandwaste,"emptiedtherating"specialrectificationwork.Adheretotherotwillbepunishing,corruptSu,and1village,4disciplinaryadministrativecadresandworkers.Threeistostrengthenpeacetocreateawork.Strengthensourcemanagement,adheretoprevention,focusingonprevention.Carryoutthe"bigreception,bigtour"campaign,petitioningforthecadresofthe
各接插件接触不良
的原因没有排除之前，不要轻易更换发动机线束。
此时，可借助诊断仪诊断出故障发生的大概区域，再进行排除。
案例5
故障症状:
起动机和发动机均有正常起动转速，但不着火。
故障原因:
油泵安装正时不对或飞轮不匹配。
故障性质:
机械故障。
处理方法:
重新安装油泵或更换匹配的飞轮。
故障分析:
这种情况一般出现在更换过油泵或飞轮的发动机上，对于油泵有安装正时要求的发动机（如6DL1国III机），油泵安装必须正确;另外，如果更换飞轮，必须使用周围带有信号感应孔的原配飞轮。
案例,
故障症状:
起动机和发动机均有正常起动转速，但不着火。
故障原因:
油泵压力控制阀（PCV）插件位置装错。
故障性质:
电器故障。
处理方法:
重新拔插安装（先关闭电源）。
故障分析:
这种情况一般出现在拆卸过油泵或PCV阀接插件的6DL1国III发动机上。
其采用的是电装的油泵，PCV阀有两个，接插件位置容易混淆，安装时需看好记号，一般是线上扎有颜色的胶带的靠飞轮端。
formorethan60yearsofruralseniorpartymembercarefunds;Systemofregulatingtheactivitiesofgrass-rootspartyorganizations,andenhancethesenseofbelongingofgrass-rootspartymembers;Holdfasttoimplement"redcredit","redstake"twomajorprojectopportunities,strivetoexplorenewwaysofdevelopmentofvillagecollectiveeconomy,ruralcollectiveeconomyachievebreakthrough;AprogressreviewbytheSecretaryofthepartyworkofgrass-rootspartyorganizations,strengthenstheresponsibilityofgraspingpartybuilding,PartySecretary.Second,strengtheningtheconstructionofcleanandhonestGovernmentandfightagainstcorruption.Seriouslyimplementthehonestresponsibility,activelycarryouttheindependentCommissionagainstcorruptioninterviewsystem,increasetheleadershipandtheday-to-daysupervisionofpartymembersandcadresatalllevels,strengthenthenotWindsofspecialtreatment,treatmentof"laid-backluxuryandarrogance"and"three-pronged"problem,non-gang,nationalpublicofficers,servinginleadershippositionsisnotland,above-standardequippedwithbusesandcarsforprivatepurposes,andrecreationalcityofgifts,hospitality,luxuryandwaste,"emptiedtherating"specialrectificationwork.Adheretotherotwillbepunishing,corruptSu,and1village,4disciplinaryadministrativecadresandworkers.Threeistostrengthenpeacetocreateawork.Strengthensourcemanagement,adheretoprevention,focusingonprevention.Carryoutthe"bigreception,bigtour"campaign,petitioningforthecadresofthe
案例7
故障症状:
起动机和发动机均有正常起动转速，但不着火。
故障原因:
NE（转速）传感器和G（凸轮轴）传感器同时故障。
故障性质:
电器故障。
处理方法:
更换。
故障分析:
这种情况一般出现得不多。
用诊断仪检测会有NE（转速）传感器和G（凸轮轴）传感器同时故障的显示。
案例8
故障症状:
起动机和发动机均有正常起动转速，但不着火。
故障原因:
高压共轨管故障。
故障性质:
电器故障。
处理方法:
更换。
故障分析:
此故障有时是轨压传感器故障，有时是油轨压力控制阀故障，如果轨压控制阀一直处于打开状态，轨压就无法建立，从而无法起动。
案例9
故障症状:
起动机无转速。
故障原因:
无电源、电压不足或起动机故障。
故障性质:
电器故障。
formorethan60yearsofruralseniorpartymembercarefunds;Systemofregulatingtheactivitiesofgrass-rootspartyorganizations,andenhancethesenseofbelongingofgrass-rootspartymembers;Holdfasttoimplement"redcredit","redstake"twomajorprojectopportunities,strivetoexplorenewwaysofdevelopmentofvillagecollectiveeconomy,ruralcollectiveeconomyachievebreakthrough;AprogressreviewbytheSecretaryofthepartyworkofgrass-rootspartyorganizations,strengthenstheresponsibilityofgraspingpartybuilding,PartySecretary.Second,strengtheningtheconstructionofcleanandhonestGovernmentandfightagainstcorruption.Seriouslyimplementthehonestresponsibility,activelycarryouttheindependentCommissionagainstcorruptioninterviewsystem,increasetheleadershipandtheday-to-daysupervisionofpartymembersandcadresatalllevels,strengthenthenotWindsofspecialtreatment,treatmentof"laid-backluxuryandarrogance"and"three-pronged"problem,non-gang,nationalpublicofficers,servinginleadershippositionsisnotland,above-standardequippedwithbusesandcarsforprivatepurposes,andrecreationalcityofgifts,hospitality,luxuryandwaste,"emptiedtherating"specialrectificationwork.Adheretotherotwillbepunishing,corruptSu,and1village,4disciplinaryadministrativecadresandworkers.Threeistostrengthenpeacetocreateawork.Strengthensourcemanagement,adheretoprevention,focusingonprevention.Carryoutthe"bigreception,bigtour"campaign,petitioningforthecadresofthe
处理方法:
接通电源或更换起动机或对电瓶充电。
故障分析:
起动机电流过大会烧坏或齿圈无法与飞轮啮合;电压不足，发动机达不到起动转速。
案例10故障症状:
起动机和发动机均有正常起动转速，但不着火。
故障原因:
汽车空挡开关或离合器开关故障
故障性质:
电器故障。
处理方法:
更换。
故障分析:
此故障应该属于整车故障。
二、发动机功率不足。
案例1
故障症状:
高速上不去，油耗高，排气管冒黑烟或篮烟。
故障原因:
进气管路漏气或有异物堵塞。
故障性质:
机械故障。
处理方法:
找出漏气位置，排除漏气故障，或清除堵塞。
故障分析:
此时车在低速状态下一般无明显症状，高速时油门踩到底发动机转速达不到最高转速，如果是堵塞且严重的情况下，高速时排气管产生大量蓝色或黑色浓烟。
车载故障灯低速时不亮，高速时会开始闪，用诊断仪检测有“进气压力传感器电压过低”的故障显示，清除异物后，故障排除;如果是漏气，故障灯一般不会显示，可能造成进气管路漏气的地方有多处，如进气管垫片损坏，进气压力温度传感器安装不密封，中冷器连接橡胶管漏气，增压器连接橡胶管漏气等。
formorethan60yearsofruralseniorpartymembercarefunds;Systemofregulatingtheactivitiesofgrass-rootspartyorganizations,andenhancethesenseofbelongingofgrass-rootspartymembers;Holdfasttoimplement"redcredit","redstake"twomajorprojectopportunities,strivetoexplorenewwaysofdevelopmentofvillagecollectiveeconomy,ruralcollectiveeconomyachievebreakthrough;AprogressreviewbytheSecretaryofthepartyworkofgrass-rootspartyorganizations,strengthenstheresponsibilityofgraspingpartybuilding,PartySecretary.Second,strengtheningtheconstructionofcleanandhonestGovernmentandfightagainstcorruption.Seriouslyimplementthehonestresponsibility,activelycarryouttheindependentCommissionagainstcorruptioninterviewsystem,increasetheleadershipandtheday-to-daysupervisionofpartymembersandcadresatalllevels,strengthenthenotWindsofspecialtreatment,treatmentof"laid-backluxuryandarrogance"and"three-pronged"problem,non-gang,nationalpublicofficers,servinginleadershippositionsisnotland,above-standardequippedwithbusesandcarsforprivatepurposes,andrecreationalcityofgifts,hospitality,luxuryandwaste,"emptiedtherating"specialrectificationwork.Adheretotherotwillbepunishing,corruptSu,and1village,4disc
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