801 高考真题解析第一部分 选修八 Unit 3.docx
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801高考真题解析第一部分选修八Unit3
Unit3 Inventorsandinventions
Ⅰ.单词默写
1.BookCrossingprovidesanidentification(身份证明)numbertostickinsidethebook.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)
2.Whatcriteria(标准)areusedforassessingastudent’sability?
3.Understandingtheinstructionsrequiresaninthgradereadingcompetence(本领).
4.Pleasegivehimlotsofloveinsteadofhighexpectations(期望);otherwisehewillbeloadedwithgreatpressure.
5.Thatgirltapped(轻敲)herfingersonthedeskimpatiently.
6.Heseized(抓)herbythearmallofasudden.
Ⅱ.词性转换
1.Hetookmeasurestomakeupforhisfault,whichreceivedourrecognition(recognize).
2.Yoursuggestionsoundsreasonableandpractical(practice).Ithinkitdeservestobediscussedatthenextmeeting.
3.Whentheiceisheatedabovefreezing(freeze)point,itbeginstochangeintoaliquidstate.
4.Thebuscametoanabrupt(abruptly)stop,makingmanypassengersfallofftheirseats.
5.YoucanvisitProfessorLiwhenitisconvenient;thatis,athisconvenience.Hishouseisconvenientlynearthebusstop.(convenient)
6.Heisacautiousmanandisalwaysdoingthingswithcaution.Youshouldgetonwithhimcautiously.(caution)
7.Thecommandershowedmercytotheprisonersofwarandtheyweretreatedmercifully.(mercy)
8.Heisinaverymerrymoodtodayandwecouldhearhimsinginganddancingmerrily(merry).
9.Inwesterncountries,thenumber“thirteen”isusuallyassociatedwithbadluck,butactuallythereisn’tanyassociationbetweenthem.(associate)
Ⅲ.短语填空
1.Icheckedthefilesandsomeofthepaperswereout__of__order(安排不当).Youhadbettersortthemout.
2.Whenyouwereout,Johnrangup,andhewantedyoutoring__him__back(给他回电话).
3.Isawhimdive__into(跳入)therivertosaveadrowningchild.
4.Hewenttoseehisgrandmothernow__and__then(时不时地).
5.Yourlettercalls__up(使想起)thedayswhenweworkedtogetheronthefarmsfifteenyearsago.
6.Havingmadeupforhismind,heset__about(开始)carryingouttheplan.
7.It’stheloveandresponsibilitythathavedrivenhimtoget__through(度过)manyhardshipsandsurvive.
8.Ifyouhang__on(稍等)forawhile,IwillgoandseeifIcanfindyourmother.
1.句型公式:
Thereseemed/seems/seemtobe...
似乎有更好的办法来解决边界争端。
There__seemed__to__be__a__better__way__to__solve__the__border__dispute.
2.句型公式:
only+介词短语放于句首的倒装句
只有努力工作我们才能成功。
Only__by__working__hard__can__we__succeed.
3.句型公式:
nor+助动词+主语
汤姆不紧张,玛丽也不紧张。
Tom__isn’t__nervous,nor__is__Mary.
4.句型公式:
everytime引导时间状语从句
每次我们停下来,每个人都会盯着我看。
Every__time__we__stopped,everybodywouldstareatme.
5.句型公式:
祈使句+and+陈述句
努力学习,你终有一天会成功。
Work__hard,and__you’ll__succeed__in__time.
6.句型公式:
notuntil的强调句
直到第二天,我才明白事情的真相。
It__was__not__until__the__next__day__that__I__learned__the__truth.
第一板块
重点单词
1.distinguishvt.&vi.显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/微写作
①Itisthesuperiorintelligenceandtheuseoflanguagethatdistinguishmanfromtheotheranimals.
②AsfarasIknow,shehasalreadydistinguishedherselfasanathlete.
③Honestlyspeaking,Iadmireyourdistinguished(distinguish)achievements.
④阅读好书既能丰富我们的知识又能教我们分辨是非。
Reading__good__books__enriches__our__mind__and__teaches__us__to__distinguishbetween__right__and__wrong.
状元笔记全记牢
(1)distinguishbetween...and... 区分/辨别……和……
distinguish...from...使……有别于……
distinguishoneself(as...)(作为……)表现突出
(2)distinguishedadj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的
bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名
(3)distinguishableadj.易分辨的;能区分的
2.bearvt.(bore,borne)忍受;忍耐;负担;生育
高考必刷题练透
写出下列句中bear的含义/微写作
①WhydoIhavetobearallthecostsofrepair?
负担
②Shehasalreadyborneseveralchildren.生育
③Ican’tbearhavingpetdogsinthehouse.忍耐
④我们应该牢记成功源于勤奋,懒惰导致失败。
We__should__bear/keep__in__mind__thatsuccesscomesfromhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.
状元笔记全记牢
(1)can’tbeardoing/todosth不能忍受做某事
can’tbearsb/sb’sdoing不能忍受某人做某事
(2)bearaheavyburden肩负重担
bearresponsibility/theblame承担责任/受责备
(3)bear/keepsthinmind记住……
bear/keepinmindthat...记住……
3.associatevt.联想;联系
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Writedownallthewordsassociatedwithcandles.
②Readerswillassociatethemselves(they)closelywithwhathappensinthenewsstoriesandsharesimilarfeelingswiththoseinvolved.(江苏卷)
③Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhichareassociatedwithsmoking.
→Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsassociatedwithsmoking.(使用分词作定语)
→Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsinassociationwithsmoking.(使用介词短语作定语)
状元笔记全记牢
(1)associate...with...把……和……联系在一起
beassociatedwith...和……有关
associatewithsb与某人交往或打交道
(2)associationn.联合;联想;交往;协会;团体
inassociationwith...与……合伙/有关系
第二板块
核心短语
1.callup给……打电话;使想起
高考必刷题练透
介、副词填空/微写作
①Icalledupmymothertoaskifshewantedtolivewithusinthecity.
②TheMinistryofEducationcallson/uponstudentstoexerciseforanhoureveryday.
③Thegamewascalledoffbecauseofthebadweather.
④Canyouhangon?
I’llseeifhe’shere.
⑤BeforeIcouldgetin,sherangoff,andIhadtoringbacklater.
⑥那张照片唤起我对童年的幸福的记忆。
That__picture__called__up__the__happy__memories__of__my__childhood.
状元笔记全记牢
callat 拜访(某个地点)
calloff取消;停止
callon/upon拜访(某人);号召;需求
callfor(公开)要求;呼吁;需要;去接(某人)
callin召来;请来
【点津】 与“打电话”有关的短语还有:
①ringup给……打电话 ②ring/callback回复电话
③ringoff挂断电话④hang/holdon挂断电话
⑤givesbaring/call给某人打电话
2.getthrough设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过;度过;用完;耗尽
高考必刷题练透
写出下列句中getthrough的含义
①Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.(设法)做完
②Icouldn’tgetthroughtohimbecausehistelephonewasoutofordernowandthen.设法联系上
③Luckily,thegapinthefencewasjustwideenoughforthesheeptogetthrough.通过
④Thelittleboygotthroughallhismoneyinjustoneweekandhadtoaskhismomforsomemore.用完
状元笔记全记牢
get(sth)across(tosb)使(某事)被(某人)理解
getalongwithsb与某人相处;进展
getawaywithsth携带某物潜逃;不因某事受惩罚
getdownto(doing)sth开始做某事;认真处理某事
getover爬过……;克服(困难);从……中恢复过来
第三板块
经典句式
Follow__it__up,explore__all__around__it,andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.
跟踪下去,不断探索,不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Followyourdoctor’sadvice,andyouwillgetbettersoon.
②Breakawayfromsmoking,or/or__else/otherwiseyoumaydieoflungcancer.
③Ifyoucomeintime,youwillseeyourfavoritestar.
→Come__in__time__and__you__will__see__your__favorite__star.(and)
→Come__in__time__or__you__will__not__see__your__favorite__star.(or)
状元笔记全记牢
这是一个“祈使句+and+陈述句”句式。
(1)“祈使句+破折号+陈述句”;
(2)“名词词组+and+陈述句”(名词词组中通常含有more,another,further,earlier等词);
(3)“祈使句+or+陈述句”or表示“否则;要不然的话”,or可用orelse或otherwise替换。
Ⅰ.课文短文改错
AlexanderGrahamBellbornin1847inScotland.Whenhewasyoung,hisfamilymovestoBoston,USA.Hismotherwasalmostentiredeaf.Afterthat,hebecameinterestedinhelpdeafpeoplecommunicateandindeafeducation.Hefoundthatbypressinghislipsagainsthismother’sforehead,hecouldmakethebonesmoveinsoawaythatshecouldunderstandthathewassaying.Itwasthisexploringaroundproblemswhichledtohisinventions.What’smore,hewasinthetruthacontinuingsearcher.Iimprovedthequalityofeverybody’slifebyfindingmuchpracticalsolutions.
答案
AlexanderGrahamBell
bornin1847inScotland.Whenhewasyoung,hisfamily
toBoston,USA.Hismotherwasalmost
deaf.Afterthat,hebecameinterestedin
deafpeoplecommunicateandindeafeducation.Hefoundthatbypressinghislipsagainsthismother’sforehead,hecouldmakethebonesmovein
awaythatshecouldunderstand
hewassaying.Itwasthisexploringaroundproblems
ledtohisinventions.What’smore,hewasin
truthacontinuingsearcher.
improvedthequalityofeverybody’slifebyfinding
practicalsolutions.
Ⅱ.单元要点微写作
根据下面提示写一篇60词左右的短文介绍自己申请志愿者的过程。
我和其他人的不同之处在于我积极参加各项活动。
自从我得知这个消息,我就着手申请成为一名志愿者。
志愿者工作对我来说是很合适的,我一定会把这项工作做好。
如果您能接受我的申请,并给我回电话,我将不胜感激。
【参考范文】
WhatdistinguishesmefromothersisthatItakeanactivepartinallkindsofactivities;therefore,IhavesetaboutapplyingtobeavolunteersinceIlearnedtheinformation.ThevoluntaryworkisconvenientformeandIamboundtodothejobwell.Iwillbegratefulifyoucanconsideracceptingmeandcallingmeup.
Ⅲ.写作句型锤炼
主体段落常用句型锤炼之三十六:
besaid/reportedtobe/do
►先熟读背诵——精彩句型烂熟于心
1.Thetabletennisteamofourschoolissaidtoadmitnewplayers.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)
据说,我们学校乒乓球队将招收新队员。
2.Heissaidtohavestudiedabroad,butIdon’tknowwhichcountryhestudiedin.
据说他在国外学习过,但我不知道他在哪个国家学习的。
3.MaYunissaidtopossessafortuneofmorethan20billiondollars.
据说马云拥有200多亿美元的财产。
4.Thecitymayorisreportedtocometoourtownthisweek.
据报道,市长这周将来我们镇。
5.Carbondioxideissaidtobeheatingtheearthtwiceasquicklyaspreviouslyfeared.
据说,二氧化碳正以之前所担忧的两倍的速度加热着地球。
►后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来
1.据报道,这些年来莫言一直在写小说。
Mo__Yan__is__reported__to__be__writing__novels__these__years.
2.据报道,这本书已被翻译成了多种不同的语言。
This__book__is__reported__to__have__been__translated__into__many__different__languages.
3.据说新市长下个月将上任。
__The__new__mayor__is__said__to__come__into__power__next__month.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Thehistoryofvacuumcleaners(真空吸尘器)intheUKdatesbacktotheearly1900s.HubertCecilBoothstartedthefirstvacuumcleanercompanyintheUK,knownastheBritishVacuumCleanerCompany.Itwasn’tlong,however,beforeWilliamHenryHoover,whohadalreadyexperiencedsuccesswithhisvacuumcleanersinAmerica,madeheadwayinthevacuumcleanermarketintheUKandbecamemoresuccessfulthanBooth.
Hoover’svacuumcleanersintheUKbecamesuchasuccessthat‘tohoover’quicklybecameequaltovacuuming.SomeoftheearliestdomesticvacuumcleanersintheUKusedsimplereusableclothbagdesignswherebythevacuumcleanersimplycollecteddustinthebag.Oncethebagwasfull,youcouldemptyandreattachittothevacuumcleaner.
Fordecadesaftertheirintroduction,vacuumcleanersinth