管理会计双语习题参考答案docx.docx

管理会计双语习题参考答案docx.docx

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管理会计双语习题参考答案docx

Problem15-1

Thisreportincludesnonmonetaryinformation（onjobsandnumberofemployees）,hasfuture（“plarnied"）informationaswellaspast（"actual"）,isoptional（notrequiredasabasisforfinancialstatements）,focusesonasegment（servicedepartment）,haslessemphasisonprecision（plannednumbersarerounded）,andisnotanendinitself（usefulonlyasmanagerusesit）.

Note:

Iftheinstructorwishes,heorshecanaskstudentstodiscussthefiguresintermsofhowwelltheServiceDepartmentdid,asalead-intolaterworkinthecourse.Withouttechnicalbackground,studentscandiscernsuchthingsasthelowvolume,failuretoadjustlabortovolume,andincreasedlaborcost.

Problem15-2

a.

（4）Full-costaccounting

（5）Differentialaccounting

（6）Responsibilityaccounting

（1）Differentialaccounting

（2）Full-costaccounting

（3）Responsibilityaccounting

b.Nonquantitative,nonaccounting,operating,andfinancialaccounting.（Theinstructormaywanttoexpandonthis,withmorespecifics.）

Problem15-3

b.Nonquantitative,nonaccounting,operating,andfinancialaccounting.

Problem15-4

1.Whydidthemanagerfailtomaketheplannednumberofprospectcalls?

Wasthisthereasonforthefailuretoobtaintheplannednumberofnewaccountsandincreaseindepositvolume?

2.Couldthesavingsinadvertisingexpensehavecontributedtothefailuretoachievetheplannedgrowthinnewaccountsanddepositvolume?

3.Wasthe$2,200savingsinwagesandsalariestheresultofoperatingwithoneemployeelessthanneeded?

Ifso,couldthishavehelpedpreventthemanagerfrommakingtheplannednumberofprospectcalls?

4.Whywasrevenuelowerthanplanned?

5.Didthemanageremphasizeloansmorethandeposits?

Themanagerofthebranchshouldbeconcernedaboutitsperformancebecausethemajorreasonforprofitbeinghigherthanplannedwasa$2,200savingsinwagesandsalaries.Also,heorsheshouldbeconcernedoverthefailuretoachieveplannedincreasesinnewaccountsanddeposits.

Problem16-1

a.andb.

Cost

Cost

Semivariablecosts-

Semivariablecosts-

丿"IItilitioc-onrl

Problem16-2:

Doyle'sCandyCompanya.Break-evenvolume=Fixedcosts/Unitcontribution

=$1,056,000/$9.60-$5.76

=$1,056,000/$3.84=275,000boxes

b.Currentcontributionmarginpercentage=$3.84/$9.60=40%.Ingeneral,abbreviatingcontributionmarginpercentageasCMP,wehave:

SolvingforUR,thisbecomes:

Witha15%increaseinvariableproductioncosts（to$5.52,givingtotalWCof$6.48）.wehave:

c.Projectedincomestatement:

Revenues（390,000x9.60）$3,744,000

Variablecosts（390,000x$5.76）

2246,400Contribution1,497,600

Fixedcosts

1,056,000Incomebeforetax441,600

Taxes（40%）

176,640Netincomeaftertax$2649

Ingeneral,pretaxI=（UR-UVC）•X-TFC.Sointhiscase:

441,600=（$9.60-6.48）•X-1,056,000$3.12*X=$1,497,600

X=480,000boxes

TR=480,000@$9.60=$4,60&000

（Notethataslongasthetaxrateremainsconstant,itisirrelevantinansweringthisquestion.）

Problem16-3:

MikeSolid*sPizzeria

a.Assumingthatcostoffoodsoldistheonlyitemofvariableexpense,then:

仆-_FixedCosts

Break-evenvolume=

UnitContribution

_$241,360-$92,400_$148,960$8.50-$2.55*$5.95

=25,035pizzas

*$308,000/$&50=36,235pizzas:

$92,400/36,235=$2.55perpizzavariablecosts.

b.Cashfixedcosts=totalfixedcosts-depreciation=$148,960-（$16,000+$8,000）=$124,960.However,thedepreciationtaxshield（$24,000x30%）offsets$7,200ofthesefixedcosts,leaving$117,760netcashfixedcosts.Break-evenvolume,onacashbasis,then,is$117,7604-$5.95=19,792pizzas.

b.Cashgeneratedbyoperationsequalsnetincomeplusnoncashexpenses（here,onlydepreciation）$46,648+$24,000=$70,648,leaving$56,248ifCalderonewithdraws$14,400forhispersonaluse.

c.Theeasiestwaytoapproachthisquestionistotreatthetargetpretaxincomeasafixedcost.Sincethetargetincomeis$60,000,thetarget

pretaxincomeis$60,000十70%=$85,713.Addingthistothe$14&960fixedcostsgivesatotalof$234,673.Sotherequiredvolume=$234,673/$5.95=39441Dizzas.°

d.Mostoftheexpensesarefixed.Thereforealargevolumeofsalesisrequiredbeforeanyprofitismade.Oncethispointisreached（break-even）,eachsalecontributes$5.95toprofits,alargerchangeinprofitssinceprofitsbeginatzeroatthispointwhilethe$8.50changeinsalesisasmallerproportionofsalesbecauseofthelargeamountofsalesrequiredtoreachthebreak-evenpoint.

e.Thecashflowfromoperationswillexceedhisprofitsbecause$24,000oftheexpense（depreciation）isnotacurrentcash-consumingcost.

Chapter17

Problem17-1:

MartinCompany

（000somitted）RawMaterialsInventory

Problem17-2:

MartinCompany

Calculationofnormalsellingpricefor19x3assumingcontinuedi

Directmaterial

Directlabor

Indirectmanufacturing

Sellingandadministrative

Totalfullcost

Profit（10%）

Sellingprice

-100

35

135

iseoffullcost:

19x2

Increase

19x3

$4.00

$.48*

$4.48

7.00

.84

*

7.84

4.80

.60

5.40

+

3.50

.00

3.50

19.30

1.92

21.22

1.93

.19

2.12

$21.23

$2.11

$23.34

*12percentincreasefordirectmaterial（.12x$4.00=$.48）andfordirectlabor（.12x$7.00=$.84）+$6,000increasewithvolumeof10,000unitsisincreaseof$.60perunit.

Problem17-3:

MarthaSmith

a.Totalcosts$5,700+Desiredprofit$3,300

Feeperhour=£

150hours=$60.00perhour

b.Revenue,100hours@$60$6,000

Costs5,700

Profit$300

Problem17-4:

ValadeCompany

a.Calculationofsellingprices:

Total

Company

Product

A

ProductB

Directmanufacturingcost

$700,0

$400,000

$300,000

Indirectmanufacturingcost

00

280,000

160,000

120,000

Sellingandadministrativecost

140,000

80,000

60,000

Fullcost

1,120,000

640,000

480,000

Desiredprofit*

160,000

Salesrevenue

280,000

$1.400.000

$800,000

120,000

$600,000

Dividebyunits

—10,000

—10,000

Sellingpriceperunit

$80.00

$60.00

*Thedesiredprofitof280,000forthecompanyasawholeis25percentofthecompany,sfullcost.Therefore,a25percentprofitmarginpercentageisappliedtothefullcostofeachproducttoobtainthesellingprice.

Theprofitpercentageisequalto:

（Desiredprofit+Sellingandadministrativecost）■?

Fullproductioncost.ForProductAitequals$208,000■?

$560,000=37.14%,whichisthesameasforproductB=（$156,000■?

$420,000=37.14%）.

b.

Total

Product

Product

Company

A

B

Salesrevenue*

$1,248,000

$384,000

$864,000

Fullcost+_320,000720,000

1,040,000

Profit$20&0$64.000$144.000

00

*SalesRevenue

A:

5,000units@$76.80=$384,000

B:

15,000units@$57.60=$864,000$64Q-°00^$320,000

10,000units丿

空叫=$720,000

10,000units丿

c.Profitmarginpricingresultsinproductpricescontainingidenticalprofitpercentages.However,theproductwiththehigherpricewillyieldthehighertotaldollarprofit.Therefore,ashiftinproductmixtowardlowerpriceitemswillreducetotaldollarprofitsforthecompanyasawhole.

Chapter18

Problem18-1:

ElliottCompany

b.WorkinProcessInventory22,500

RawMaterialsInventory6,000

DirectLabor6,600

ProductionOverhead（6,600x$1.50）9,900

c.Overheadabsorbed@$1.50/directlaborhour$9,900

Actualoverhead9,550

Overabsorbed$350

Problem18-2:

RyanCorporation

CostDistributions

CostCenter

A

（a）Heat,light,power$24,000

（b）Depreciation:

Building2,400

Furnitureandfixtures

Machineryandequipment20,000

（c）Insurance:

Inventories100

Building1,040

Furnitureandfixtures

Machineryandequipment850

（d）Buildingrepairs2,400

Machineryrepairs1,900

（e）Telephoneexpense360

Totals$53.050

Calculations

（a）Heat,light,power—basisofdistribution,cubicfeet:

A600,000

B200,000

C200,0001,000,000cubicfeet

6/10x$40,000=$24,000A

2/10x$40,000=$8,000B

2/10x$40,000=$8,000C

（b）Buildingdepreciation—basisofdistribution,squarefeet:

Manufacturing...48,000

Selling9,000

Administrative...3,00060,000squarefeet

48/60x$3,000=$2,400A

6/60x$3,000=300B

6/60x$3,000=300C

300

600

E

$&000

C

$8,000

300

200

130

15

800

360

$9.805

100

130

45

800

1,080

$11.055

Furnitureandfixturesdepreciation—75%（$800）=$600B

25%（$800）=$200C

（c）Insurance—basisofdistribution,squarefeetforbuilding:

48/60x$1,300=$1,040A

6/60x$1,300=

6/60x$1,300=

$130B

$130C

Insuranceoninventories—halfB;halfA

Insuranceonfurnitureandfixtures—75%（$60）=$45B25%（$60）=$15C

（d）Buildingrepairs—basisfordistribution,squarefeet:

48/60x$4,000=$3,200A

6/60x$4,000=$400B

6/60x$4,000=$400C

Telephone—basisfordistribution,numberofextensions:

Totalextensions—45

9/45x$1,800=$360A

27/45x$1,800=$1,080B

9/45x$1,800=$360C

Problem18-3:

Mid-CityCollege

a.

（$000）

SendeeCentersInstructionCenters

Total

Bldg.and_

Grounds

Cent._Adm.

Artsand_Sciences

Education

Bus._Adm.

Overheadcosts

...$10,500

$1,575

$1,050

$3,150

$2,625

$2,100

BuildingsandGrounds

（1,575）

262

525

438

350

CentralAdministrator

（1.3⑵

525

315

472

Overhead

$10.500

$0

$4.200

$3378

$2.922

Q

^ReassignmentofBuildingandGroundsDepartmentusingpercentofspaceoccupied:

CostCenter

CentralAdministration

ArtsandSciences

Education

BusinessAdministration

Total

^^ReassignmentofCentralAdministrationDepartmentusingnumberofemployees:

Problem18-4Weld

a.ActualoverheadCanningCompany

Busyseason$180,000■?

15,000hours=

Slackseason$80,000■?

5,000hours=

At1hourpercase,acasehas$12offactory