地理信息系统开发工具GISDK使用手册英文版第一部分 WelcometoGISDKHelp.docx

地理信息系统开发工具GISDK使用手册英文版第一部分 WelcometoGISDKHelp.docx

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地理信息系统开发工具GISDK使用手册英文版第一部分WelcometoGISDKHelp

1Preface

TransCAD®,outofthebox,isaverypowerfulandversatilecomputerprogram.But,ifyouareanadvanceduseroraprogrammer,youmaywanttodomoreordifferentthingsthatareofferedbythestandarduserinterface.TheGeographicInformationSystemDeveloper’sKit（GISDK）providesyouwithatoolkitthatyoucanusetogetoutsidetheboxandcustomizeTransCADinanywayyoudesire.

GISDK（tm）isacollectionofsoftwaretoolsanddocumentationthatcomewithTransCADandmakeitpossibletoautomaterepetitiveTransCADtasks,createuserdesignedadd-ins,integrateotherprograms,orbuildcustomapplications.GISDKalsomakesitpossibletocalltheTransCADfunctionalityfromothersoftwareapplications.

TheprimarycomponentoftheGISDKisaprogramminglanguagecalledCaliperScript（tm）.Thisisaneasy-to-learn,BASIC-likeprogramminglanguagethatprovidesawaytointeractwiththeTransCADprogramanddata.CaliperScriptisaprogramminglanguagethatispowerful,buteasytouse.Itismoreflexibleandpowerfulthatthelanguagesprovidedwithothertransportationsoftware.AlsocodewritteninotherlanguagessuchasCorFORTRANcanbeintermixedwithGISDKprogramswritteninCaliperScript,facilitatingcompatibilitywithexistingsoftware.

TheprimaryuseoftheCaliperScriptistointeractwithTransCAD.ThereareoveronethousandGISDKfunctionsinTransCAD,allofwhichcanbecalledfromCaliperScript.Thesefunctionsgiveusersawidevarietyoftoolsthatrangefrommanagingmapsanddisplaycharacteristicstocreating,accessing,updatingandanalyzingdataanddatastructures,includingmatricesandnetworks.Inaddition,theGISDKfunctionscanbecalledusingWindowsAutomation,sinceTransCADcanactasbothanAutomationServerandClient.TransCADfortheWebusesthiswaytowritecodethatcanberunbyawebbrowserandcallTransCADtoprovidemaps,drivingdirectionsandotherservices.CaliperScriptalsoprovidesthecapabilitytoprogramcomplete,customWindowsinterfacesforTransCADapplications.

CaliperScript,inturn,issupportedbythreecomponents:

acompiler,adebuggerandatoolboxforinteractingwiththecompileranddebugger.TheGISDKCompilertakestheCaliperScriptcodeandcreatesaUIDatabasethatcanberunwiththeTransCADplatform.Anyerrorsinthecodewillbereportedbythecompiler,withdetailsaboutthetypeandlocationoftheerror.TheGISDKDebuggerrunstheCaliperScriptcodeintestingmodetomakesurethattherearenoerrors,suchaserrorsinlogicorvariablehandling.Ifthecodedoesnotbehaveasexpected,thedebuggerallowstheusertosetbreakpointsortostepthroughthecodeonelineatatime,tomakesurethatthecodeisexecutingasexpected.TheGISDKToolboxnotonlyhasbuttonstorunthecompilerandthedebuggerbutalsohastoolstomakeinteractingwiththeprogramfasterandeasier.

TheGISDKforStandardTransCADhastwoadditionalcomponents.ThefirstisBatchMode,whichisasimplerwayofautomatingtransportationanalysis.ThesecondistheabilitytoaccessTransCADMatrixDLLsdirectlyfromCandFORTRAN.TheMatrixDLLsareprovidedforVisualCandCompaqVisualFORTRAN.Forrunningtraveldemandapplicationsandforsomeroutingandlogisticsprocedures,TransCADhasaBatchModecapabilitythatmakesiteasytocreateautomatedmodelruns.CaliperprovidesthesourcecodeforthebatchmodelscriptsandTransCADhasatoolforgeneratingthescriptsinteractively.Thisgreatlyreducesthepossibilityoferrorenteringthemodelapplicationscripts.Thescriptscanbeeasilymodifiedbyusersandconsultants.Also,itiseasytoaugmentthescriptswithadditionalfunctionssuchasproducingspecificmapsorreports.

Formoreinformation,see:

AboutYou

AbouttheBookandthisOn-LineHelp

OtherGISDKResources

LicensingofGISDKAdd-InsandApplications

GISDKVersions

IfYouNeedMoreHelp

AboutYou

WemadeseveralassumptionsaboutyouwhenweputtheGISDKProgrammer’sGuideandOn-LineHelptogether:

∙YouareafrequentuserofTransCADandarefamiliarwiththetermsandconceptscoveredintheUser’sGuide.IfyouwishtouseBatchMode,whichispartofStandardTransCAD,youshouldalsobefamiliarwiththetermsandconceptscoveredintheTravelDemandModelingUser’sGuide.

∙Youhavesomebasicknowledgeandexperienceinprogramming,eitherinBasic,VisualBasic,C,orsomeotherlanguage.

∙YouwanttoautomateorcustomizeTransCADtohelpyouaccomplishyourworkmoreefficiently,ortoprovideassistancetootherusers.

∙Youwanttogetstartedquickly,withoutweeksoftrainingorhardwork.

AbouttheBookandthisOn-LineHelp

TheGISDKProgrammer’sGuidegivesyoutheessentialbackgroundinformationthatyouneedtostartusingGISDK.ThefullGISDKdocumentationisprovidedelectronicallyaspartofthisOn-LineHelpsystem.ThiscomprehensiveOn-LineHelpsystemgivesyoudetailedbackground,instructions,acompletelistingoftheGISDKfunctions,andsamplesinaclearandconciselayout.Together,theGISDKProgrammer’sGuideandthisOn-LineHelpsystemdescribeeverythingyouneedtoknowtostartusingGISDK.IntheGISDKProgrammer’sGuide:

Chapter1,Introduction,providesanintroductiontoGISDKandanoverviewofitscapabilities,alongwithinstructionsforstartingtheGISDKToolboxandtheGISDKDebugger.

Chapter2,QuickStart,providesaconciseoverviewofhowyouuseGISDKtobuildapplicationstoautomaterepetativetasks.Ifyouareanexperienceddeveloper,thischapterprovidesmostoftheinformationyouneedtogetstarted.Ifyouarelessexperiencedatsoftwareandapplicationdevelopment,itwillgiveyouagoodoverviewoftheprocessandafeelforhowthelanguageworks.

Chapter3,GISDKMechanics,describesthetoolsthatcomewithGISDK,includingtheGISDKToolboxandtheGISDKDebugger,andhowyouusethesetoolstowriteanddevelopadd-insandcustomapplications,andaccessTransCADasanapplicationserver.

Inaddition,thisOn-LineHelpsystemcontainscomprehensiveinformationoncallingGISDKfunctions,oncreatingGISDKmacros,andonotherGISDKapplications.ThisOn-LineHelpsystemincludesacompletelistingoftheGISDKfunctions.TheadditionalsectionsinthisOn-LineHelpforGISDKinclude:

∙CommonCallingConventions:

standardsthatareusedforargumentsinGISDKfunctions

∙UsingGISDKFunctions:

overviewsofGISDKfunctionsbytopic,includingwindows,maps,layers,editors,tables,andviews

∙UsingProjectionsandCoordinateSystems:

detailsonsettingamap'sprojectionorcoordinatesystem,includingunits,ellipsoids,datums,andtransformations

∙ListingofGISDKFunctions:

individualdescriptionsoftheGISDKfunctions,includingsyntax,returnvalues,andexamples

∙GISDKMechanics:

thecompilationtoolsthatcomewithGISDKandhowyouusethemtowriteanddevelopadd-insandcustomapplications,howtousethedebuggertohelpyoufindandfixruntimeproblemsinyourGISDKmacros,andhowtoaccessTransCADasanAutomationServer

∙LanguageElements:

thesyntax,organization,andelementsoftheCaliperScriptlanguage

∙Resources:

introductiontoandexplanationoftheformatandstructureoftheresourcefilesthatcontainyouradd-inorcustomapplication

∙StandardInterfaceMacros:

alistingofmacrosinthestandardinterfaceusefulincustomapplicationsforclosingfiles,settingstyles,andothertasks,plusgeocodingandothermacros

BatchMode,whichcomeswithStandardTransCAD,isaneasywaytocreateandrunplanningmodelsasasetofCaliperScriptmacros,aswellastorunsomeoftheroutingandlogisticsprocedures.BatchModefortransportationplanningisdescribedintheTravelDemandModelingwithTransCADUser'sGuideandintheon-lineHelpforPlanning.BatchModeforroutingandlogisiticsproceduresisdescribedintheRoutingandLogisticswithTransCADUser'sGuideandintheon-lineHelpforRouting.

IfyouhavepurchasedTransCADfortheWeb,theTransCADfortheWebUser'sGuideandtheon-lineHelpforTransCADfortheWebexplainhowtouseGISDKfunctionsandGISDKmacrosinwebmappingapplications.

OtherGISDKResources

TheGISDKProgrammer’sGuideandOn-LineHelpgivesomeexamplesofhowyoucanuseGISDK.MoreexamplesareavailableontheCaliperCorporationwebsite（YouarefreetoadoptandadapttheseCaliperScriptandAutomationServerexamplestomeetyourownneeds.Youarealsoencouragedtocontributetothegrowinglistofexamples,sothatotherscanbenefit.

LicensingofGISDKAdd-InsandApplications

GISDKenablesyoutocreateadd-ins,customapplications,orAutomationServers.GISDKalsomakesitpossibleforthirdpartiestocreateanddistributeadd-insandcustomapplications.WeexpectthatmanyGISDKuserswillfallintooneofthreeclasses:

∙IndividualuserswhowanttoautomateorsimplifytaskstheyroutinelyperformwithTransCAD

∙Internalsystemsstaffwhodevelopadd-insandapplicationstobeusedbyotherswithintheirorganization

∙Developers,resellers,andconsultantswhouseTransCADalongwithGISDKtoprovidecustomend-usersolutions

CaliperCorporationoffersadditionaltechnologyforthecreationanddistributionofrun-timeversionsofcustomapplications.Thistechnologyenablesustocreateforyouacompletestand-aloneprogram（onethatdoesnotneedtheTransCADprogramfiles）thatincorporatesalltherequiredGISfunctionalityforyourapplication.Run-timelicensinginvolvesthepaymentofaprocessingfeeplustechnologylicensefeesthatarenegotiatedonacase-by-casebasis.

Whenyoudevelopanadd-inorcustomapplicationusingGISDK,theproductisauseri