1212 研究生基础英语考试试题.docx

1212 研究生基础英语考试试题.docx

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1212研究生基础英语考试试题

湖南…大学研究生考试试题纸

课程名称：

__基础英语__开课学院：

外国语

上课专业：

年级：

2012学生人数：

命题教师：

…审核人：

考试形式：

闭卷

考试时间：

2012至2013学年第1学期考试时量：

120分钟

Ⅰ.MultipleChoices（1*20=20’）

PartA

Direction:

choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheitalicizedpartofeachsentence.

1.Idon’tknowanythingaboutart,andIhaven’tmetanygrandpeople,andIdon’tgotoagoodtailor,andallthat,I’mnotwhathecallsfromtop-drawersociety.

A.highestB.lowestC.outstandingD.important

2.WhilewatchingTVtokilltimeatnight,hedrapedhislegsoverthearmofthechairandmadehimselfascomfortableandrelaxedashepossiblycould.

A.coveredB.arrangedC.hungD.dwelled

3.SkillsoftheGeorgeWashingtonUniversitymedicalteam,plushisamazingdeterminationandthegritandspiritofhiswife,Sarah,pulledJimthrough.

A.loyaltyB.courageC.ambitionD.patience

4.Dona’shavingabridalshowerforJulienextweek.Nowsheisbusypreparingpresentsandinvitingfriends.

A.washingB.partyC.rainD.water

5.ThedownsidewasthatIfeltprettyintimidated.

A.verycloseB.veryintimateC.ratherfrightenedD.humiliated

6.Don’tclingtoyouroldideas.Bereadytoentertainsomenewones,otherwiseyouwillalwayslagbehindothers

A.putforwardtoB.holdontoC.runtoD.putupto

7.Inordertofinishthetaskintime,hewasoutintherainalldayandthisbroughtonabadcold.

A.resultedfromB.resultedinC.broughtupD.gaveup

8.TheplayshowsthatAmericanshaveanembarrassmentofrichesandapaucityofspiritualityandmorality,focusingonthedisillusionmentoftheAmericanDream.

A.deficiencyB.scarcityC.inadequacyD.deficit

9.Movestochangethewaykeyresourcesshouldbeallocatedhavesparkledariseinturfbattle,whichcouldhindertheInternet’sgrowthasaglobalinformationinfrastructure.

A.controlB.retardC.obstructD.decrease

10.Videogamemarkersscoffatthenotionthattheirproductcancauseapsychiatricdisorder.

A.shoutB.screamC.aimD.mock

11.Fromthebeginning,Ihatedthewayhetalked,hiswhiningvoiceandhisvulgaraccent.

A.refinedB.rudeC.decentD.strange

12.Toherconsternation,sherealizedthatwhatshehadsaidwastrue,thatawomancouldn’thidelove.

A.shockB.fascinationC.estimationD.enjoyment

13.ThechemistrybetweenHepburnandTracyisobvious.Onecaneasilyobservetheirlove

A.similarityB.branchofscienceC.differenceD.attraction

14.Theincreaseinthenationaldebtstemsfromthelastwar,whichdeconstructedanddemoralizedthecountry.

A.originatesB.rootsC.boomsD.transmits

15.Hesawthroughalltheshamofthisclublife,themeannessofthisworshipofsuccess.

A.facetB.falsityC.factionD.fallacy

16.Suchproductsalsoprovidesecureapplicationgatewaysthataddvalue,suchasuserauthentication.

A.administrationB.verificationC.stimulationD.contemplation

17.Inthesentence”Nowandthenamanexquisitelymadecanlivealone,andmust;butcoopupmostmenandyouundothem...”theunderlinedpartmeans.

A.Butformostmen,iftheyareconfinedinaplace,theywillbedestroyed.

B.Keepmostmeninahole,andtheywillgetoutofitbythemselves.

C.Butformostmen,iftheyareconfinedinaplace,theywillbesetfree.

D.Keepmostmeninacoop,andtheywillbesetfree.

PartB

Direction:

ChoosetheappropriateletterA-Dandwriteitinthebrackets.

18.ChoosetheRIGHTsentence.

A.Someonehaslefttheirpurseonthebus.

B.nowadayscarshaveboughthisownersbothgreatconvenienceandgreattrouble.

C.MaryandJoearesoexhaustedthatshethinksshecansleepuntilbedtimetomorrow.

D.Iliftedthepotofhotpotatoescarefully,butitslippedoutofmyhand.

19.ChoosetheRIGHTsentence.

A.Jamesrepeatedlyfailedthemathquiz,hedecidedtodropthecourse.

B.Ihavenoideathatwhenshewillcomeback.

C.IknowtheschoolwhichmynephewislearningEnglish.

D.IthasbeenthreeyearssinceImovedintothisapartment.

20.ChoosetheWRONGstatement.

A.“ThemysticalmeaningsthattheBiblelaysupontheword.Wordarenotembracedbyeveryone”canbeparaphrasedasthefollowing:

TheWordisthewordusedintheBible,soitsmeaningisrelatedtoreligion.Therefore,noteveryonecanunderstandit.

B.Inthesentence“Whatissurprisingisthatinthecommongiveandtakeofdailyliving,peoplestillrelysolittleupontheverballanguagethatdistinguishesthemfromthebeasts.”,“giveandtakeofdailylivings”means“exchangeofeverydayfood”

C.Byquoting“Hewinkethwithhiseyes,hespeakthwithhisfeet,heteachethwithhisfingers”,theauthormeansthatinmostcaseshumancommunicationisnonverbal.

D.Thesentence“EventodaythoseprinciplesholdgoodforChristianemployees”cantranslatedinto“时至今天，这些原则对基督徒雇员仍然有效”。

Ⅱ.ReadingComprehension（2*10=20’）

Directions:

Readthefollowingtwopassages.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

PassageonePeopleandOrganizations:

theSelectionIssue

AIn1991,accordingtotheDepartmentofTradeandIndustry,arecord48,000Britishcompanieswentoutofbusiness.Whenbusinessesfail,thepost-mortem（事后的）analysisistraditionallyundertakenbyaccountantsandmarketstrategists.Unarguablyorganizationsdofailbecauseofundercapitalization,poorfinancialmanagement,adversemarketconditionsetc.Yet,conversely（相反地）,organizationswithsoundfinancialbacking,goodproductideasandmarketacumen（敏锐）oftenunderperform（表现不佳）andfailtomeetshareholders'（股东）expectations.Thecomplexity,degreeandsustainment（支持物）oforganizationalperformancerequiresanexplanationwhichgoesbeyondthebalancesheetandthe"paperconversion"offinancialinputsintoprofitmakingoutputs.Amorecompleteexplanationof"whatwentwrong"necessarilymustconsidertheessenceofwhatanorganizationactuallyisandthatoneofthefinancialinputs,themostimportantandoftenthemostexpensive,ispeople.

BAnorganizationisonlyasgoodasthepeopleitemploys.Selectingtherightpersonforthejobinvolvesmorethanidentifyingtheessentialordesirablerangeofskills,educationalandprofessionalqualificationsnecessarytoperformthejobandthenrecruitingthecandidatewhoismostlikelytopossesstheseskillsoratleastisperceivedtohavetheabilityandpredispositiontoacquirethem.Thisisapurelyperson/skillsmatchapproachtoselection.

CWorkinvariablytakesplaceinthepresenceand/orunderthedirectionofothers,inaparticularorganizationalsetting.Theindividualhasto"fit"inwiththeworkenvironment,withotheremployees,withtheorganizationalclimate,styleorwork,organizationandcultureoftheorganization.Differentorganizationshavedifferentcultures（Cartwright&Cooper,1991;1992）.WorkingasanengineeratBritishAerospacewillnotnecessarilybeasimilarexperiencetoworkinginthesamecapacityatGECorPlessey.

DPoorselectiondecisionsareexpensive.Forexample,thecostsoftrainingapolicemanareabout£20,000（approx.US$30,000）.Thecostsofemployinganunsuitabletechnicianonanoilrig（油井钻塔）orinanuclearplantcould,inanemergency,resultinmillionsofpoundsofdamageorlossoflife.Thedisharmony（不和谐）ofapoorperson-environmentfit（PE-fit）islikelytoresultinlowjobsatisfaction,lackoforganizationalcommitment（组织认同感）andemployeestress,whichaffectorganizationaloutcomesi.e.productivity,highlaborturnover（劳动力流动）andabsenteeism（旷工）,andindividualoutcomesi.e.physical,psychologicalandmentalwell-being.

EHowever,despitetheimportanceoftherecruitment（招聘）decisionandtherangeofsophisticatedandmoreobjectiveselectiontechniquesavailable,includingtheuseofpsychometrictests（心理计量测试）,assessmentcentersetc.,manyorganizationsarestillpreparedtomakethisdecisiononthebasisofasingle30to45minuteunstructuredinterview.Indeed,researchhasdemonstratedthataselectiondecisionisoftenmadewithinthefirstfourminutesoftheinterview.Intheremainingtime,theinterviewerthenattendsexclusivelytoinformationthatreinforcestheinitial"accept"or"reject"decision.Researchintothevalidityofselectionmethodshasconsistentlydemonstratedthattheunstructuredinterview,wheretheinterviewerasksanyquestionsheorshelikes,isapoorpredictoroffuturejobperformanceandfareslittlebetterthatmorecontroversialmethodslikegraphology（笔迹学）andastrology（星座）.Intimesofhighunemployment,recruitmentbecomesa"buyer'smarket"andthiswasthecaseinBritainduringthe1980s.

FThefuture,wearetold,islikelytobedifferent.DetailedsurveysofsocialandeconomictrendsintheEuropeancommunityshowthatEurope'spopulationisfallingandgettingolder,ThebirthrateintheCommunityisnowonlythree-quartersofthelevelneededtoensurereplacementoftheexistingpopulation.Bytheyear2020,itispredictedthatmorethanoneinfourEuropeanswillbeaged60ormoreandbarelyoneinfivewillbeunder20.Inafive-yearperiodbetween1983and1988theCommunity'sfemaleworkforcegrewbyalmostsixmillion.Asaresult,51%ofallwomenaged14to64arenoweconomicallyactiveinthelabormarketcomparedwith78%ofmen.

GThechangingdemographics（人口统计资料）willnotonlyaffectselectionratios（选择比）.Theywillalsomakeitincreasinglyimportantfororganizationswishingtomaintaintheircompetitiveedge（竞争优势）tobemoreresponsiveandaccommodatingtothechangingneedsoftheirworkforceiftheyaretoretainanddeveloptheirhumanresources.Moreflexibleworkinghours,theoppor