英语复习短文改错专题doc.docx
《英语复习短文改错专题doc.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语复习短文改错专题doc.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。
英语复习短文改错专题doc
英语复习短文改错专题
NMET短文改错的解题基本思路应该是：
一．以句为单位，找行中错误，每行必有一个判断（错词、多词、少词和正确），而判断的依据一定是上下文，最小单位是一个完整的句子。
二．以篇为单位，找句中错误。
许多时候，就某一行或某一句单独而言常常难以判断其是否正确，错误何在，而必须以全篇为一整体才可对该句，进而对该行作出判断。
具体解题过程中，应该注意把握九个一致问题：
一．时态一致短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文，特定语言环境及该句的时间状语是否保持了呼应与一致。
例1． Myfavoritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourfootballteam.（NMET’98）全文都是一般现在时，此句中was虽然与上下问不一致，应改为am。
例2． Irememberedherwordsandcalmdown.（NMET’）
此处为一描述过去事件的语境，应与前文remembered保持一致，须改为calmed。
例3． Today,itismucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.（NMET’93）第一个is与时间状语today保持一致，地第二个is则应改为was,使之与其时间状语inthepast一致。
二．主谓一致 谓语动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持一致。
例4．Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.
（NMET’） 主语为AandB时，谓语动词一般为复数，应改为are。
例5．Thenewboyorgirlinschoolquicklybecomeoneofthe classafterafewgames.（NMET’93）主语为AorB时，应由靠近谓语的主语来决定谓语的单复数，become应改为becomes.
例6．Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrong… （NMET’98） 此处与例4，例5不同，谓语动词makes与上下文保持一致，为正确的用法，而play须改Playing才可与此处其它部分一致。
三．平行一致
notonly…butalso…,either…or…,neither…nor…以及and,but,or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。
在平行结构中，词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。
例7．Playingfootballnotonlymakes…butalsogiveusasense offairplayandteamspirit.（NMET’98）依据平行一致原则，此处give应与前文makes保持一致，改为gives.
例8．Itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystation anddrovemetotheirhome.（NMET’96）此句中的drove应与前文tomeet保持平行，故改为drive。
四．数的一致 名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致
例9．Westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasmaths,
Chinese…（NMET’97）quiteafew只修饰复数名词，保持一致,subject应改为subjects.
例10．They…askedmelotsofquestion.（NMET’96）与lotsof保持一致的只能是复数名词，应改为questions.
五．主谓一致 句中的主要词（中心词）应与其修饰词间保持一致。
除了例9，例10外，还有
例11．…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.（NMET）
all若修饰可数名词时，其后名词应为复数。
subject该为subjects。
例12．Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedme
success.（NMET） all修饰的主语部分应是三者以上，故schoolmate应为schoolmates.
例13．Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeople…（NMET’99）
Unfortunate应作状语，修饰整个句子，此时应为副词unfortunately才可保持一致。
例14．I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.（NMET’95）修饰名词，应为awonderfultime.
六．指代一致 用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。
例15．TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.
（NEMT’96）TheSmiths为一复数概念，故指代词也应为第三人称复数their.
例16．IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.（NMET’97）
此处应为作主语的关系代词which.
例17．AndIcan’tforgetthefoodyoucookedforI.（NMET’95）
此处I应作介词的宾语，故改为me才可保持一致。
七．语态一致 句中谓语动词或非谓语动词应与上下文语态保持一致。
例18．Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.（NEMT’94）
与其主语Books相对应，此处应为被动语态，故keep应改为kept。
八．搭配一致 句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。
例19．IfeltsonervousasIshooklikealeaf.（NMET’）后
跟从句，保持一致须用so…that结构这一固定搭配。
as改为that.
例lookforwardtohearfromyousoon.（NMET’97）
lookforwardto中to是介词，其后应为动名词hearing。
例21．Butitdidn’tmatterthatIwouldwinornot.（NMET’）
与其后ornot保持一致时应用whether。
例22．Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters---inanyotherwords,Iamanonlychild.（NMET）
inanyotherwords意为“换言之”，应为inotherwords。
九．逻辑一致
这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误，检查时应通篇考虑，重点在连词、代词，肯定与否定，及相对应的动词如come与go等。
例23．Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.（NMET’）
上下文看，应为She---myEnglishteacher微笑且点头鼓励我，but应为and。
例24．Nowsomeoneathomereadsinstead.（NMET’99）
从上文可知，因为无电视可看，人人都只好读书，someone改为everyone或everybody.
例25．Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewantto winthegame.（NMET’98）通读全文，都是用第一人称，这时突然用到they,显然不一致，应改为we.
[实战演练一]
⑴MostfamiliesinChinahopedtheirsinglechildrenwill76．_______
haveahappyfuture,sotheyareverystrictintheirchildren.77．_______
Sodoteachersinschools!
Manychildrenaregivensomuch78．_______
homeworkthattheyhavehardlyanysparetimehavesports.79．_______
Thechildrenareforbiddentodoanythingbuttostudy.No80．_______
wondersomanychildrenaretiredoflessons.Someeven81．_______
attackorkillhisparentsandteachers!
Ibelievemanypeople82．_______
alreadyreadthiskindofnewsinnewspapersormagazines.83．_______
Shouldn’twedrawlessonfromtheaccidents?
Nowour84．_______
governmentismakingoutaplantosolvetheeducationproblems.85．_______
⑵Nowadays,almosteveryfamilyhasTVset,andalmost76．_______
everyonelikeswatchingTV.TVhasbecomepartofourlives.77．_______
TVhasmanyadvantages,forexample,itinformsusthe78．_______
latestnewswhichishappeningintheworld;itcanopenour79．_______
eyes,enlargeourknowledgeandalsohelpustoseemore80．_______
abouttheworlD．But,italsohassomedisadvantages.People81．______
wastetoomuchtimeinwatchingTVandhisnormallife82．_______
andworkareaffecteD．Tothechildrenwhotheyspendtoo83．_______
muchtimeinwatchingTV,itcandoharmfultotheirsight84．_______
andhealthy.SoweshouldcontrolthetimeofwatchingTV.85．_______
⑶AfewmonthsafterreturningtheUSfromGermany,Itook76._______
partinacollegecourseinFrench.SinceIhavelearned77._______
tosayGermanwellinGermany,Ithoughtitmightbe78.______
interestedtobeginstudyinganotherlanguage.Atthe79._______
firstclass,theteacheraskedustodoapronunciation80._______
exerciseinithewouldsayawordortwoinFrench,and81._______
eachstudentwoulddotheirbesttocopy.Whenhegotto82._______
me,hekepthavingmetosaymorewords,andI83.______
finallyaskedhimwhy.“Ifinditgreatfun,”sheexplained84._______
it.“In25yearsofteachingatschool,it’sthefirsttime85._______
I’veheardanAmericanspeakFrenchwithaGermanaccent.”
⑷TheHuaiheRiverhasbeenseriouspolluted.Dayandnigh76._______
millionsoftonsofwastewaterisbeingpoureddowntofrom77._______
hundredsoffactories.Thewastewaterisharmful.Atpresent 78._______
thereisnofishinit.Theriverwatercannotbedrunk.Peoplein79._______
eitherbankhavetodigwellstotakedrinkingwater.TheHuaihe 80._______
Riverissuchdirtyandpoisonousthatpeopledon’tdareswim 81._______
init.Somethingmustbedonetostoppingthepollution.The 82._______
governmentandthepeopleneartherivermusttrytoclearwater83._______
assoonaspossible.Nowspecialattentionhaspaidtothe84._______
pollutionbythegovernmentandmorescientists.Thepollution85._______
willbepreventedinthenearfuture.
⑸DearAbby,
Howareyou?
TodayI’vegotawonderfulnewstotellyou.76._______
IhaveofferedascholarshipatauniversityinAustraliaformy77._______
furthereducation.Onehundredandtwentystudentstookexam78._______
forit,butonlyafewwaschosenandIwasoneofthem.However,79._______
myparentsarenothappyaboutit.Theyarestrongagainstme80._______
goingthere.Theysayitistoofarawaythattheywillnotseeme81._______
forawholeyearandtheyareafraidofIwillfeellonely.They82._______
can’timagineagirlsoyounglivealone.Theyadvisemetostudy83._______
inthecapitalinstead.ThenI’llbeabletocontinuelivingwith84._______
them.HowcanIpersuadethemtoacceptthefactIhavegrownup?
85._______
Bestwishes,
Jane
⑹Aperson’sagenolongertellsyousomethingabout76.________
hissocialposition,marriageorhealthy.There’snolonger,77.________
aparticularyearwhichonegoestoschoolorgoesto78.________
workorgetsmarriedorstartafamily.Thesocialclock79.________
thatkeptusontimeandtolduswhengotoschool,get80.________
ajob,orstopworkingisn’tasstrongasitwasusedtobe.81.________
Itdoesn’tsurpriseustoheara28-year-olduniversity82.________
presidentora35-year-oldgrandmother,or70-year-old83.________
manwhohasbecomeafatherforthefirsttime.Whatwe84.________
allknow,public’sideasarechangingnowadays.85.________
⑺Itisdifficultforparentstoteachyourchildrentoberesponsible76.________
（有责任的）forhousework,butwithoneofthefollowedsuggestions,77.________
youreallycangetyourchildrenhelpyouathome.Ifyougiveyour78.________
childrentheimpressionwhichtheycanneverdoanythingquiteright,79.________
thentheywillregardthemselvesunfitorunablepersons.Unlessthey80.________
believetheycansucceed,theywillneverbecometotallyindependence.81.________
Don’talwaysscoldandgivelotsofpraiseinstead.Talkabout82.________
whatthey’vedoneright,butaboutwhattheyhaven’tdone.Ifyour83.________
childrencompleteadifficulttask,reward（酬劳）himwithaSunday84.________
triporaballgameofDad.85.________
⑻BeforeIwenttoseniormiddleschool,somepeoplestold76._______
me.“Alifeofseniormiddleschoolisunforgettable.”77._______
WhileIfirstenteredmyseniormiddleschool,everything78._______
seemedunpleasant.Faceallthestrangethingsaroundme,79._______
Ioftenmissmyoldfriendsandclassmates.Ididn’twant80._______
totalkothersormakefriendswithothers.Littlebylittle,my81._______
schoolrecordwentfrombadtoworse,especiallymy82._______
maths.Icouldn’tevenpasstheexam.Ilosttheheartand83._______
missedthehappytimesalldaylong.Itoldme,“Idon’t84._______
belongtoit.Idon’tlikethelifehere.”85._______
⑼TomandDickarenextdoorneighbourwhowork76.________
inthesameofficesotheywalkedtogethertoandfrom77.________
office.Somedayastheywerewalkinghometogetherit78.________
suddenstartedtorain.Tomquicklyopenedhisumbrella79.________
andsaid,“Mywifesurelyhasforesight（预见）.Shesaid80.________
onthismorningitwouldrainandtoldmetocarrymy81.________
umbrellawithme.”Dicksmiledandwalkedtohim,said,82.________
“Mywifehasevengreatforesight.Shetoldmenotto83.________
carryanumb
升级会员 