语法填空专项复习资料.docx
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语法填空专项复习资料
新题型：
语法填空辅导
解题策略
一通读全文，理解大意.
二根据句子结构，确定词性;
三根据句意，确定词形;
考查范围
1语境（上下文）；
2语法：
有提示词一一谓语动词，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，副词，形容词
或副词的比较级或最高级
无提示词一一介词，连词，代词，冠词
语法填空（无提示词）
冠词：
a,an,the
介词：
in,on,at,with,as,before,after,by,from,through,to,for等
代词：
one,another,other,both,none,I,we,you等人称
连词：
（1）and,or,but,so（两个完整的句子之间）
（2）that,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why（弓丨导定语从
句）
（3）that,whether,if,whose,which,who,what,when,where,how,
why（引导名词性从句）
（4）when,before,after,until,while,because,so,if,uniess,
although,as（引导状语从句）
（一）无提示词解题技巧：
技巧1缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）
I.Shedidnothesitateforlong:
althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhich
wasboundtoplease_38_.
2.Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyou
pretendtolike_38_”
3.IcansendamessagetoKenyawheneverIwantto,and__38gets_therealmostinasecond.
技巧2.如果句子基本结构完整，名词前面无限定词（冠词、不定代词和形容
词性物主代词），则设在该名词前的空格很大可能填限定词。
4.ltissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty（960—
1279）wasveryanxioustohelp__33ricecropgrowupquickly.
5.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot__33_
pleasantexperienee:
…
6.…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopull
itto__35_smalltownsome20kilometresawaywheretherewasagarage.
7.Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet__36__studenttastethe
water.
技巧3.如果句子基本结构完整，名词或代词在句中既不作主语、表语，也不
作动词的宾语时，其前面的空格通常是填介词。
8.WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentin
herbag,herparentswerealready__39__tablehavingsupper.
9.Theyoungmanwenthome__35__ahappyheart.
技巧4.如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有分号或句号，也没有关联词连接或引导，则填并列连词或从属连词•例如that,which,who,whom,
whose,when,where,why（弓丨导定语从句）that,whether,if,whose,which,who,what,when,where,how,why（弓丨导名词性从句）when,before,after,until,while,because,so,if,uniess,although,as（弓丨导状
语从句）。
and,orbut（连接并列句）
10.Hewasverytiredfrom/afterdoingthisforawholeday,__37__
hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.
11.Janepausedinfrontofacounter__35__someattractivetieswereondisplay.
12.1wantedtoseeasmuchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodays
32_IwastoreturntoGuangzhou.
技巧5:
和it有关的一些特殊句型也是判断纯填空题的一个重要技巧。
A.根据it作形式主语或形式宾语的句型来判断空格处是否应填it.
13.Sherememberedhowdifficult_31_wastochooseasuitable
Christmaspresentforherfather.
B.根据强调句结构
“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩下部分”判断空格处填it还是
that.
14.…and__40__wasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldn'teatMSG.
强调句判断方法：
去掉itis/was…that看句子结构是否仍然强调完整的方法
来判断句子是否为强调句
Exercise1.0nedaywhileworkingatthecashregisterinthegiftshop,Isaw
elderlycouplecomeinwithalittlegirlinawheelchair.
2.Thereisabottlefullofwateronthedesk.aterisvery
dirty.
3.Noonehelpedme.Ididitallmyself.
4.BobandMaryaregoingtoseeamovieChristmasDay.
5.ltwasapitythatthegreatwriterdiedhisworkunfinished.
6.lfyougiveyourchildrentheimpressionthattheycanneverdo
anythingquiteright,thentheywillregardasunfitorunable
persons.
7.Heisalsoanauthor,andewbookwillcomeoutnext
month.
8.Heknewwhathewanted.,hedidn'tknowhowtogetit.
9.Thisistheparktheyvisitedlastyear.
10」stillremembermanyofthegamesweplayedIwas
aboutten.
11」wouldhearthemtalkabouthappenedduringtheirday.
（二）、给出提示词的解题技巧
1.动词：
1）.给出的提示词为动词时，考生应首先分析句子结构，判断该动词在句中是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，或者是否需要转换词性等，然后再具体解题。
15.…peoplesteppedonyourfeetor__34__（push）youwiththeirelbows,hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.
2）.如果一个句子没有谓语动词，或者提示词与已有谓语动词之间是并列关系时，所给提示词就是谓语动词，此时要根据语境考察时态和语态。
16.Hermotherwasexcited.“Youfatherhasatlastdecidedtostop
smoking,”Jane__40__（inform）.
17.Afteralongjourney,theyoungman__33__（present）thewater
totheoldman.
3）.如果句子已有谓语动词，给出的动词提示词也不作并列谓语时，则考查非
谓语动词，这时要根据句子所缺成分和非谓语动词各自用法特点，选择动词-
ing、动词-ed和不定式，具体确定方法如下：
提示词在句中作目的状语、only后的结果状语、情感形容词或动词后的原因状语时，通常用不定式。
18.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop_32_（help）it
grow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.
4）.提示词给的是动词有时也会考查词类转换，考生须仔细分析句子结构，正确填词。
19.ButJaneknewfromherpastexperieneethather_36_（choose）
oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.
2.形容词和副词
1）.提示词为形容词或副词，重点考察它们的比较等级、形容词副词之间的词性转换，具体解题技巧如下：
1）.考察形容词和副词的比较等级。
一般来说，如果有表示范围的in/of介词短语，用最高级；than的前面要用比较级，但考生要特别注意的是，在特定语境中，“than+比较对象”和表示比较范围的of/in短语常常被省略。
20.Hewasverytiredafter/fromdoingthisforawholeday,buthe
feltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”_38_（high）.
21.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessand
love.Nothingcouldbe_39_（sweet）”
2）.形容词和副词之间的词类转换。
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式；作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。
22.Wedranktogetherandtalked__38__（merry）tillfarintothenight.
23.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled__34__（warm）,andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.
总结
1首先熟悉语境。
2对于连词、介词、关系代词、关系副词等，不仅要理解它们的意思，还要熟记它们，在考试时能准确、快速地提取它们。
3对于动词，要掌握常用的时态、语态和非谓语动词的用法。
4对于句子，要能够分析其结构，懂得在什么时候该用什么词性。
5对于单词，不仅要背诵其意义和拼写，还好掌握基本的词形变换。
练习：
一、动词（谓语/非谓语）
1.MsChen（teach）meEnglishsinceJunior1,andtoshow
myappreciationIdecidedtogetherapresent.
2.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseIell）bymy
classmatesthatshelovedhotfood.
3.Theexam,whichwasoriginallytobeheldinour
classroom,（change）tothelibraryatthelastminute.
4.1hadtoleaveworktotakehimtothehospitalbecausehe（break）hisfinger.
5.Thechild,NicoleHobson,（take）byhermothertoChildren's
MemorialHospitalabout11p.m.,Wednesdaytocheck•…
6.Atransitspokesmansaidthedrivershould（make）radiocall
tothecontrolcenterforhelp.
7.AnofficialfromtheMinistryofEducationsaidthatChinafollows
aneducationalpolicythat（encourage）studentstostudy
abroad.
8.0neofthemwasavisitor,sayinghewouldn'thavebeenthereif
he（watch）theweatherforecastthedaybefore.
9.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson（receive）
thegift.
10…Withtheproblem（solve）,Ifeltproudofmyachievement.
11…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutes
leftomplete）therest.
12.There,（place）neatlybesidetheemptydish,weretwonickels
andfivepennies——hertip!
13.（compare）withthepreviousyear,thenumberofstudents
whowentabroadforstudywasincreasedby15,000,orariseof
13%.
二、代词挖掉代词，句子的结构受到破坏，句子间出现不连贯。
1.・Tpatientlywalkedtothelibrary,tookmyseatanddidsome
deepbreathingtohelprelax
2.Thelittleboypulledrighthandoutofthepocketandstudied
anumberofcoinsinit.
3.…thedriverdidtohelpandevenstoppedoncetopickup
morepassengers.
4.Ifyougiveyourchildren…thattheycanneverdoanythingquite
right,thentheywillregardasunfitorunablepersons.
5.Some134,000Chinesestudentswenttostudyabroad,and
120,000of_ereself-fundedstudents,…
6.Firstly,wemustunderstandtheIanguagewhenwe
hear_spoken.
三、定语从句的引导词必须根据定语从句的信息和先行词进行推断，从而补
出引导词，这本身就是考查逻辑思维能力。
1.…Theexam,wasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,
waschangedtothelibraryatthelastminute.
2…ThenIwenttothedepartmentstoreIworked
part-timeandboughtheranexpensivegiftboxofSichuanbeef.
3.Itwasapoemaboutme,includedthetime•…
4.Atthesametime,therehadbeenagrowingnumberofoverseas
studentscamebacktoChinaafterstudy.
5.MoreandmoreChinesestudentsgoabroadforstudy,is
supportedbytheChinesegovernment.
四、连词（从属连词/并列连词）
A）引导各种从句的连词叫从属连词。
如名词性从句的引导词what,who,
which,when,where,whatever,whoever,whichever,whether；畐U词从
句弓丨导词where,wherever,when,if,how,uniess,until…
1.Manythingsmustbeconsideredsuchasthepersonis
interestedinandhowoldheis.
2.Myfaceturnedredonhearing__mymothersaid.
3.shewouldpointout_eyhadmasteredanddeclaredfirmly
theycouldlearnwhattheyhadmissed.
4.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics（丿儿科）sayshildren
reallyneedforhealthdevelopmentismoregood,old-fashionedplaytime.
5.IalmoststartedtoyellhisnameIsuddenlyrememberedhe
wasinbedasleep.
6.hildrenbelievetheycansucceed,theywillneverbecome
totallyindependent.
7.Statisticsshowthathinacarriedouttheopening-up
policy,atotalofonemillionstudentshavegoneabroadforstudy.
8._wearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,we
arenotreallylearningtheIanguage.
9.Somepeople,however,maintainthatthisispreciselythe
dangerlies.
B）并列句的各种关联词叫并列连词。
如and,but,or,though,although,
so…挖掉关联词，要想补上连词，思路必须与作者思路相吻合。
1.1hadnoideahowtodoit.ItriedtostaypositiveandperseveredIfinallyfoundthesolution.
2.1askedmyclassmatesaboutherinterestImademyfinal
decision.
3.
satata
Tom,an8—year—oldboy,enteredahotelcoffeeshop
4.
table.
五、挖掉表示起承转合的副词或副词性短语
此功能于关联词相似。
只是这
home.
种副词（短语）在用法上更加灵活多变。
典型的有though,however,also,therefore,still,besides,inaddition,instead,or,otherwise，first,second,then,finally,inaword等等。
1.This,idn'tbothermebecausemathshadalwaysbeen
mystrongestsubject.
2.Don'talwaysscoldandgivelotsofpraise.
六、特殊句型（或固定短语）考查对固定结构（短语）的熟悉掌握程度。
属于字词层面考查语法。
1」twasnotlongthewaitresscamebackandthenshebeganto
wipedownthetable.
2.asonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshe
couldn'teatMSG!
3.SocarelesswasIIhadforgottenallaboutthat.
4."asamatterof_,youhavedonewellandmadegreatachievement…
5.WhenCarettson,29,apassenger,wastryingtobringNicole's_
life…
6.Thechildwasstrickenaboutamileawaythehospital.
七、冠词
1.…ButmymoodquicklychangedwhenIsawfirstquestion.
2…ThenIw
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