英语初二升初三衔接.docx
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英语初二升初三衔接
第一章八年级知识点复习
1. 系动词
表示不完全谓语关系的动词，本身有含义，但是不能单独做谓语，后面必须跟表语一起构成谓语，称为系表结构。
形容词，名词及动词不定式（todo）都可以做表语。
系动词有三类：
A.be动词：
amisarewaswere
B.表示感官类的动词：
looksmellsoundfeeltaste
C.表示变化类的词：
go（变得…）getbecomegrowturnkeepstay
e.g.Ifeelterrible.
Thefoodwentbad.
Theweatherbecomeswarmerandwarmer.
Theleavesturngreen.
2. 使役动词make/let的用法
make的常用句型：
a.make+宾语+n：
使…成为…
Theymadehimcaptain.
b.make+宾语+adj.：
使…处于某种状态：
Eatingtoomuchmadehimill.
c.make+宾语+v：
使人做某事:
Doingexercisemakesuskeepfit.
Let的常用句型：
a.let+宾语+v:
让某人做某事：
Hedoesn’tletherdrinkwine.
b.let+宾语+adv：
Lethimout.
c.let+宾语+conj：
Wholethimintotheroom?
3. 动词不定式：
to+动词原形（to有时可省）
●不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not.
E.g.Momtoldmenottosmoke.
●不定式可以和疑问词what,how,where,which,when,who连用。
（why不用）
e.g.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebank?
Ican’tdecidewhichtobuy?
在复合句与简单句之间的转换，也可用这种句型：
e.g.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonexttime.=Idon’tknowwhattodonexttime.
●不定式在句子中除了谓语之外，可充当任何句子成分。
e.g.TolearnEnglishwellisveryimportant.（做主语）
Hisjobistosavepeopleindanger.（作表语）
Iwanttotakepartinthemeeting.（作宾语）
●It做形式主语的句型
A.It+adj+forsb.+todosth
B.It+adj.+that从句
C.Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.
e.g.Itisnecessaryforustoeathealthily.
Itisnecessarythatweshouldeathealthily.
Ittookmethreehourstofinishmyworkyesterday.
●It做宾语和形式宾语
◆可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：
要求、选择、同意（ask,choose,agree），期望、决定、学习（expect,hope,decide,learn），宁可、假装、知道（prefer,pretend,know），希望、想要、愿意（wish,want,wouldlike/love）。
如：
1）Wedecidedtotalktosomestudentsaboutwhytheygothere.
2）Hepreferstoeatwhitebreadandrice.
◆动词feel,find,make,think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel/find/make/...it+adj./n.+todo...。
如：
Ifinditdifficulttoremembereverything.
practice
1.“Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?
”“I’dlike myparents.”
A.tovisit B.visit C.visiting
2.—What’syourplanforthesummerholidays?
—I’venoidea,butI’vedecided athome.
A.stay B.tostayC.stayed D.staying
3.Lastweekourgeographyteachertoldus moreinformationabouthowtoprotecttheenvironment.
A.get B.gotC.toget D.getting
4.Ourheadmasteraskedus areportonhowtoprotectwildanimals.
A.write B.writingC.towrite D.wrote
5.—Howdoyoufeelwhenyouwatchthenationalflaggoup?
—Itmakesme veryproud.
A.feltB.tofeelC.feelingD.feel
6.Ittookherhalfanhour theWaterParkbybuslastSunday.
A.getsto B.gettoC.togetto D.gettingto
7.It’sdangerousforyou thattalltree.
A.climb B.toclimbC.climbing D.climbed
8.—Mybrotherisillinhospital.
—I’msorry that.
A.hear B.hearingC.heard D.tohear
9. moreinformationaboutthetrip,youcangoto.
A.Find B.FindingC.Tofind D.Found
10.SomechildrenarearguingaboutwhatTVprograms .
A.watching B.forwatchingC.towatch D.willwatch
11.It’swrong________not________heraletter.
A.ofyou;towrite B.foryou;writingC.ofyou;writing D.foryou;write
12.—I’msorry,I_____myexercisebookathome.
—Don’tforget_____ittoschooltomorrow,please.
A.forget;totake B.left;tobringC.forget;tobring D.left;totake
13.Beforeyougoabroad,youneed________abouttablemannersinthatcountry.
A.knew B.known C.toknow D.knowing
14.Ineedsomepaper________.
A.towrite B.towriteonC.towritein D.writein
15.—Ihavenopens________.Couldyoupleaselendmeone?
—Sure.Hereyouare.
A.towrite B.towritedownC.towritewith D.towritein
16.—Doyouthinkourfootballteamwillwinthematch?
—Yes,wehavebetterplayers.SoI__themtowin.
A.hope B.ask C.help D.expect
17.Iamallowed______until12:
00ontheeveningoftheSpringFestival.
A.stayup B.tostayupC.stayingup D.tostayingup
18.CarscausemostofBeijing’sairpollution.Sothe“NoCarDay”campaign（活动）asksBeijingdrivers________theircarsathomeonedayeachmonth.
A.leave B.leavingC.toleave D.tobeleft
19.—Doyoulikesports?
—Sure.I’mlookingforwardto_________the29thOlympicGames_____inBeijingonTV.
A.watch;tohold B.watching;beingheldC.watch;held D.watching;tobeheld
20.Goodmannersusuallyhelppeopleto________eachother.
A.getonwellwith B.getstartedC.befriendly D.gettogether
. 4.状语从句
状语从句的时态：
“主过从过，主将从现”，另外，主句如果用一般现在时，从句也用现在时
1）时间状语从句：
用句子来表达一个事情或一个行为发生的时间，这个句子就叫时间状语从句。
a. 引导词when/while:
当…时，有时可互换使用，when既可以接延续性动词，也可接短暂性动词。
而while只可接延续性动词
e.g.Thestudentsweretalkingwhentheteachercamein.
Whilethestudentsweretalking,theteachercamein.
IamwatchingTVwhileheiscooking.
b.引导词until:
直到…为止Iwillstayhereuntiltherainstops,
not…until:
直到…才…:
Iwillnotleavehereuntiltherainstops.
assoonas:
一…就…Assoonasthebellrings,thestudentswillgointo
theclassroom.
C引导词before，after,since（自从）
ItistenyearssinceIstudiedEnglish.
2）条件状语从句：
引导词if（如果）,aslongas（只要）
e.g.Iwon’tgoifhedoesn’tgo.
Ifpeopleobeythetrafficrules,therewillbefeweraccidents.
Ifyoustudyhard,youcancatchupwithothers.
3）原因状语从句：
引导词because,since（既然）,as（由于）
Ididthatbecausehetoldmeto.
如果表述的原因是人们已知的事实，就用since
Sinceyoucan\tanswerthequestion,youcanasksomeoneforhelp.
4）目的状语从句：
引导词sothat,inorderthat（为了），主句谓语常含有情态动词。
ImustgetupearlysothatIcancatchthetrainontime.
当主句主语与从句主语一致时，可用soasto,inorderto改写同义句。
Heworkeddayandnightinorderthathecansucceed.
=Heworkeddayandnightinordertosucceed.
5）结果状语从句：
引导词so…that…,such…that…,sothat（所以）
So+adj.+that…/so+n.+that…
e.g.Heissokindthathealwayshelpspeopleintrouble.
Heissuchakindpersonthathealwayshelpspeopleintrouble.
It’sahotdaysothatwebothwanttoswiminthesea.
6）让步状语从句：
引导词though，although，eventhough、evenif，wh-ever类（无论…）
e.g.Although/thoughsheworksveryhard,shemakesslowprogress.
Ihaveabitheadache,it’snothingmuch,though.
Eventhough/evenifyousayso,Idon’tbelieveit.
WheneverI’munhappy,myfriendscheermeon.
practice
（）1.Themeetingdidn'tstart___everyonewasthere.
A.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if
（）2.Theboy___tobed___hismothercamein.
A.wentnot;untilB.didn'tgo;afterC.went;untilD.didn'tgo;until
（）3.Iwon'tbelieveyou___Ihaveseenitwithmyowneyes.
A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when
（）4.He___home___shewassatisfied___hisansweryesterday.
A.didn'tgo;until;withB.wasn'tgo;after;to
C.doesn'tgo;before;withD.didn'tgo;until;to
（）5.He___backuntilthework___done.
A.isn't;willbeB.isn't;isC.won'tbe;willbeD.won'tbe;is
（）6.Theydidn'tstartthework___theirteachercameback.
A.untilB.whileC.assoonasD.if
（）7.Tomwillcallmeassoonashe___Shanghai.
A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.getto
（）8.I'msurehe'llcometoseemebeforehe___Beijing.
A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leaveD.leaves
（）9.Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashe___back.
A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came
（）10.Theboytoldhisfatherwhathe___inthestreet.
A.sawB.haveseenC.hadseenD.see
（）11.We___TVwhenthetelephone____.
A.watched;wasringingB.werewatching;rang
C.watch;ringsD.arewatching;rang
12.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_______________.
A.willrain B.rains C.rained D.israining
13.Remembertosendmeaphotoofyoursonnexttimeyou____________tome.
A.write B.willwrite C.arewriting D.wouldwrite
14.Ifcitynoises__________fromincreasing,people___________shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertablein20yearsfromnow.
A.arenotkept;willhaveto B.arenotkept;haveto
C.donotdeep;willhaveto D.donotdeep;have
15.IoftenvisitedTian’anMenSquare____________IwasstayinginBeijing.
A.until B.during C.while D.throughout
6. 宾语从句
当一个完整的句子在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词，介词之后就叫做宾语从句。
引导词：
a. 由that引导的宾语从句，that可省
b. 由if/whether引导的宾语从句译为“是否”，不可省，通常两者可互换，但后有ornot时，只能用whether.
e.g.Doyouknowifhewillwinthegame?
Tellmewhetherthemaniskind.
Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.
c.由连接词wh-词引导的宾语从句：
what,where,why,how,who…
e.g.Doyouknowwhobroketheglass?
Tellmewhichoneyouwant.
Idon’tknowwhyhewasunhappy.
d.宾语从句的时态：
⑴主过从过：
主句是过去时，从句也用过去的某种时态
Shesaidsheboughtmanystorybooks.
⑵主句为一般时或将来时，从句可按需要使用任何时态。
e.g.Shesaysshewillcallmetomorrow.
IknowthatIwaswrong.
⑶特殊用法：
当从句叙述的是客观真理，事实时，从句时态不受主句影响，只用一般现在时。
e.g.Shesaidherbrotheristwoyearsyoungerthanher.
Theteachersaidlighttravelsfasterthansound.
e.宾语从句的语序：
必须是陈述语序，即主语+谓语的语序
e.g.Hermotherwantstoknowwhethershelikesthefood.
Doyouknowwhyhedidn’tcometoschool.
practice
1．Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.
A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake
2.Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.
A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen
3.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictionarytoday.
A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are
4.SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.
A.couldsheB.shecouldC.
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