21英语全能大一轮复习人教话题语篇专攻练 十四 Atronomy the cience of the.docx

21英语全能大一轮复习人教话题语篇专攻练 十四 Atronomy the cience of the.docx

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21英语全能大一轮复习人教话题语篇专攻练十四Atronomythecienceofthe

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话题语篇专攻练十四

　必修3　Unit4　Astronomy:

thescienceofthestars

（限时35分钟）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

　　Foryournextout-of-this-worldvacation,younowhavetheoptionofliterallygoingoutofthisworld—butit’llcostyou$40million.Thenagain,canyoureallyputapricetagonhavingthetimeofyourlife?

AccordingtoanewreportfromPopularMechanics,Russiaislookingtobuildaluxuryhotelinouterspace.Thereyouwillwakeuptoabreathtakingblueplanet—theearth!

ThehotelisexpectedtobestationedontheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）.

Whilespacetourismitselfisn’texactlyanovelidea,thenotionofbuildingahotelouttherehasn’tbeenraisedbefore.Really,othercompaniesarestillfocusedonthetransportationpartofthepuzzle—afterall,atriptospaceisenoughformostfolks. 

AccordingtoPopularMechanics,thehotelwillincludealuxuryorbitalsuitewithbigwindows,personalhygiene（卫生）facilities,exerciseequipment,andyes,WiFi.Becauseifyoucan’tshareyourexperienceonsocialmedia,diditreallyevenhappen?

Ofcourse,thereasonsbehindthehotelaren’tjustforfunandgames.Apparently,spacetourismmightbeabletohelptheRussianspayforanothermoduletoaddtotheinternationalSpaceStation.RussianspacecontractorRKKEnergiaiscurrentlybuildingthefirstsuchmodule,whichwillgivescientistsalaboratoryandpowersupplystationfromwhichtoconducttests.

Ifanyofthisisgoingtohappen,however,Russiaisgoingtohavetohurry.WiththeISSexpectedtobeoutofusein2028,there’slittletimetobuildthehotelandfindwealthytouriststoactuallybuyatripintoouterspace.

Soifyou’verecentlycomeintoafortuneandareinterestedininvestinginwhatcouldbethetimeofyourlife,ISSiscallingyourname.

【文章大意】本文讲述的是“太空旅行”。

1.Whatdoweknowaboutthehotelfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Itisquiteaffordable.

B.ItwillbebuiltinRussia.

C.Itwillofferanamazingview.

D.Itcosts$40milliontobuild.

【解析】选C。

推理判断题。

根据第一段中Thereyouwillwakeuptoabreathtakingblueplanet—theearth!

可知,它将提供令人惊讶的景色。

故选C。

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thepuzzle”inParagraph2referto?

A.Anorbitalsuite.

B.Spacetourism.

C.Spaceexploration.

D.Acreativeidea.

【解析】选B。

词义猜测题。

根据第二段中Whilespacetourismitselfisn’texactlyanovelidea,thenotionofbuildingahotelouttherehasn’tbeenraisedbefore.Really,othercompaniesarestillfocusedonthetransportationpartofthepuzzle—afterall,atriptospaceisenoughformostfolks.可知,“thepuzzle”指的是“太空旅游”,故选B。

3.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

A.Hotelguestswon’tbeabletoseeintospace.

B.Visitorsarerequiredtotakeexerciseeachday.

C.SpacetravelisnotpossiblewithouttheInternet.

D.Touriststendtosharetravelingexperiencesonline.

【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

根据第三段中Becauseifyoucan’tshareyourexperienceonsocialmedia,diditreallyevenhappen?

可知,游客们倾向于在网上分享旅行经历。

4.ThehotelwillbebuilttoprovideRussianscientistswith______. 

A.funandgames

B.financialsupport

C.spacecontractors

D.moretimeinspace

【解析】选B。

推理判断题。

根据第四段中Apparently,spacetourismmightbeabletohelptheRussianspayforanothermoduletoaddtotheinternationalSpaceStation.可知,该酒店将为俄罗斯科学家提供资金支持。

故选B。

【知识拓展】难句解读

RussianspacecontractorRKKEnergiaiscurrentlybuildingthefirstsuchmodule,whichwillgivescientistsalaboratoryandpowersupplystationfromwhichtoconducttests.

翻译:

俄国航空承包商RKKEnergia最近正在建这样的航空舱,这座航空舱将给科学家提供实验室和给实验提供能源的供应站。

分析:

本句中whichwillgivescientistsalaboratoryandpowersupplystationfromwhichtoconducttests为定语从句修饰thefirstsuchmodule,在定语从句中fromwhichtoconducttests也是定语从句修饰前面的powersupplystation。

B

　　Sinceatleast2010,famousphysicistStephenHawkinghasspokenpubliclyabouthisfearsthatanadvancedaliencivilizationwouldhavenoproblemdestroyingthehumanracethewayahumanmightwipeoutanants’nest.

　　Scientistscurrentlyhavenoideawhatalienlife-formsmightlooklike,orhowtheymightrespondtocontactfromhumancivilization.

　　“Suchadvancedalienswouldperhapsconquernewplanetformaterialtobuildmorespaceshipssotheycouldmoveon.”Hawkingsaidin2010.“Wedon’tknowmuchaboutaliens,butweknowabouthumans.Ifyoulookathistory,contactsbetweencivilizationshavegonebadlyforthelessadvanced.Aliensthatcanreceiveourmessagescouldbebillionsofyearsaheadofus.Ifso,theywillbemorepowerful,andmaynotseeusasanymorevaluablethanweseebacteria.”

　　AnnDruyan,CEOofCosmosStudios,seemedmuchmorehopefulaboutthenatureofanadvancedaliencivilizationandthefutureofhumanity.

　　“Wemaygettoaperiodinourfuturewherewebecomelessviolent,”Druyansaidatthemediaevent.“Myhopeisthataliencivilizationsarenotonlymoretechnologicallydevelopedthanwearebutmoreawareofthevalueandpreciousnessoflifeintheuniverse.”

　　JillTarter,formerdirectoroftheCenterforSETIalsohasexpresseddifferentopinionsfromHawking’s.

　　“Irespectfullydisagree,”Tartersaid,“Ifaliensweretocomehere,itwouldbesimplytoexplore.Consideringtheageoftheuniverse,weprobablywouldn’tbethefirstcivilizationtheyvisited,either.”

　　“IfalienswereabletovisitEarth,thatwouldmeantheywouldhavetechnologicalabilitiesadvancedenoughnottoneedslaves,foodorotherplanets,”sheadded.

【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道,关于著名物理学家霍金生前表达对人类与外星人沟通的担忧。

5.AccordingtoStephenHawking,whywouldanaliencivilizationdestroythehumanrace?

A.Toprotectants’nests.

B.Todestroyharmfulbacteria.

C.Tocontactothercivilizations.

D.Tomakesuretheirspacetravel.

【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

文章提到霍金预测alienswouldperhapsconquernewplanetformaterialtobuildmorespaceships,外星人需要征服别的星球来保证星际航行所需的资源及能源,故选D。

6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesStephenHawking’sattitudetowardshumanbeings’contactingaliens?

A.Ambitious.　　　　B.Cautious.

C.Enthusiastic.D.Shocked.

【解析】选B。

观点态度题。

霍金根据人类文明发展史得出结论,高度发达的外星人可能会摧毁人类文明,因此他对于和外星人的接触持谨慎态度。

7.WhatdidAnnDruyanexpectofthefuture?

A.Alienswouldbecomemoreviolent.

B.Alienswouldturnhumanbeingsintoslaves.

C.Humanbeingswouldbesafewhenalienscome.

D.Humanbeingswouldbemoreadvancedthanaliens.

【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

AnnDruyan说道,Myhopeisthat...arebutmoreawareofthevalueandpreciousnessoflifeintheuniverse,她希望人类会越来越爱好和平,而外星人会珍惜宇宙中的生命,人类会和外星人相安无事。

8.WhatwasJillTarter’sopinionaboutaliens?

A.Ifaliensweretocome,theywouldbeold-aged.

B.Ifaliensvisitedus,theywouldconquerourplanet.

C.Whenalienscome,theybringslaves,foodforhumanbeings.

D.Beforealiensvisitedus,theymayhavemetothercivilizations.

【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

JillTarter认为weprobablywouldn’tbethefirstcivilizationtheyvisited,外星人在漫长的宇宙探索中,地球可能不是第一个他们造访的带有生命的星球。

Ⅱ.完形填空

　　AbbyHarrishasadream.Butunlikemostordinary15-year-oldgirls,Abby’sdreamhas　1　todowithexpensiveshopping,meetingher　2　boybandsorthrowinghugepartieswithherfriends.ThisUSteenagerwantstobethe　3　astronauttowalkonMars.Andshe’susingthe　4　ofsocialmediatomakesurethatshegetsthere. 

　　AccordingtoAbby’sInternetblog,AstronautAbby,shehaswantedtobea（n）　5　sinceshewas5yearsold. 

　　She　6　moreinthepostPeopleSayI’mADreamer:

“Whenyou’reyoungandyouhavethatbigadream,mostpeoplejust　7　you.ButIstuckwithit.Imadeplans,IworkedhardandI　8　onmygoal.AsIgotolderandcontinuedtostayfocusedonscience,technology,engineeringandmath（STEM）,peopleinmylife（myfamily,friends,teachers）,begantonoticeand　9　metodreambig.Ihadhugeambitions,andwas　10　tohavepeoplearoundmetellingmethatIcouldachievethem. 

　　Intheseventhgrade,Abby　11　aTwitteraccountaspartofahistoryprojectshewasdoingontheInternationalSpaceStation.She　12　wantedtouseTwittertogetintouchwithNASAemployees,butsoonshefoundthatitwasa　13　placeforhertowriteaboutherdreams,connectwithotherswhohaveinterestinspaceand　14　picturesofprojectsthatshewasworkingon.HerconnectionsonTwitterthen　15　hertocreateherwebsiteandblog,AstronautAbby,locatedatastronautabby.com. 

　　Severalyearsago,Abby　16　ItalianastronautLucaParmitanoatanairportand　17　himintobecominghermentor（导师）. 

　　Abbyisobviouslydoingeverythingshecantomakeher　18　areality.Wanttohelpheralong?

Youcanvisither　19　tolearnmoreaboutthisamazinggirlandher　20　dream. 

【文章大意】本文主要讲了一个女孩在五岁的时候就梦想着成为一名宇航员并且去火星,最开始别人对她的梦想没有在意,后来亲戚朋友都坚信她的梦想能够实现,她为了梦想不停地努力。

这篇文章告诉我们有了梦想就要坚持,相信坚持就能成功。

1.A.something　　　B.nothing

C.everythingD.anything

【解析】选B。

推理判断题。

通过后文可知小女孩想去火星,而不是去奢侈购物,havenothingtodowith与……无关。

2.A.bestB.top

C.favoriteD.worst

【解析】选C。

词义辨析题。

best最好的;top顶端的;favorite最喜欢的;worst最差的。

句意:

和最喜欢的乐队男孩见面。

3.A.firstB.last

C.youngestD.oldest

【解析】选A。

推理判断题。

通过上下文可知小女孩想成为第一个去火星的宇航员。

4.A.energyB.ability

C.strengthD.power

【解析】选D。

词义辨析题。

energy能量,精力;ability能力;strength力气;power力量。

句意:

她正在利用媒体的力量到达那儿。

5.A.bloggerB.astronaut

C.dreamerD.star

【解析】选B。

上下照应题。

根据上文ThisUSteenagerwantstobethe________astronauttowalkonMars.可知,自从她五岁时就想成为一名宇航员。

6.A.arguesB.agrees

C.explainsD.explores

【解析】选C。

词义辨析题。

argue争论;agree同意;explain解释;explore探索。

句意:

她在邮件中解释了更多。

7.A.believeB.blame

C.praiseD.ignore

【解析】选D。

逻辑推理题。

通过后文ButIstuckwithit.可知当你那样小却有那样大的一个梦想,大多数人都会忽略你。

8.A.tookB.focused

C.countedD.lived

【解析】选B。

固定搭配题。

句意:

我做计划,我努力学习,集中于目标。

focuson“集中