汽车焊接夹具设计外文文献翻译.docx
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汽车焊接夹具设计外文文献翻译
汽车焊接夹具设计外文文献翻译
(含:
英文原文及中文译文)
文献出处:
SemjonKim.DesignofAutomotiveWeldingFixtures[J].Computer-AidedDesign,2013,3(12):
21-32.
英文原文
DesignofAutomotiveWeldingFixtures
SemjonKim
1Abstract
Accordingtothedesigntheoryofcarbodyweldingfixture,theweldingfixtureandweldingbusofeachstationareplannedanddesigned.Thenthefixtureismodeledandassembled.Thenumberandmodelofthefixturearedeterminedandtheaccessibilityisjudged.Designedtomeettherequirementsoftheweldingfixture.
Keywords:
weldedparts;foundation;clamping;position
1Introduction
Assemblyandweldingfixturesarecloselyrelatedtotheproductionofhigh-qualityautomotiveequipmentinautomotivebodyassemblyandweldinglines.Weldedfixturesareanimportantpartoftheweldingprocess.Assemblyandweldingfixturesarenotonlythewaytocompletetheassemblyofpartsinthisprocess,butalsoasatestandcalibrationprocedureontheproductionlinetocompletethetaskoftestingweldingaccessoriesandweldingquality.Therefore,thedesignandmanufactureofweldingfixturesdirectlyaffecttheproductioncapacityandproductqualityoftheautomobileintheweldingprocess.Automotiveweldingfixturesareanimportantmeansofensuringtheirmanufacturingqualityandshorteningtheirmanufacturingcycle.Therefore,itisindispensabletocorrectlyunderstandthekeypointsofweldingfixturedesign,improveandincreasethedesignmeansanddesignlevelofweldingfixtures,andimprovetheadjustmentandverificationleveloffixtures.Itisalsoanautomanufacturingcompanyinthefiercecompetition.Theproblemthatmustbesolvedtosurvive.
Thestyleofthecarisdifferentfromthatofthecar.Therefore,theshapeoftheweldingjigisverydifferent.However,thedesign,manufacture,andadjustmentarecommonandcanbeusedforreference.
2.Structuraldesignofweldingfixture
Thestructuredesignoftheweldingfixtureensuresthatthecliphasgoodoperationalconvenienceandreliablepositioningofthefixture.Manufacturersofweldingfixturescanalsoeasilyintegrateadjustmentstoensurethatthesurfacesofthevariouspartsofthestructureshouldallowenoughroomforadjustmentstoensurethree-dimensionaladjustment.Ofcourse,underthepremiseofensuringtheaccuracyoftheweldingjig,thestructureoftheweldingjigshouldbeassimpleaspossible.Thefixturedesignisusuallythepositionofallcomponentsonthefixtureisdetermineddirectlybasedonthedesignbasis,andultimatelyensurethatthequalifiedweldingfixturestructureismanufactured.Accordingtotheworkingheight,theheightofthefixturebottomplatecanbepreliminarilydetermined,thatis,theheightofthefixturefixingposition.Theweldingfixturedesignmustfirstconsidertheclampingmethod.Therearetwotypes,manualandpneumatic.Manualclampingisgenerallysuitableforsmallparts,externalparts,andsmallbatchesofworkpieces.Forlargebodyparts,planningintheproductionline,automationHigh-demandweldingfixturesshouldbepneumaticallyclamped.Automobileproductionisgenerallypneumaticallyclamped,andmanualmassclampingcanbeusedasauxiliaryclamping.Thiscanreducecostsaccordingly.Somemanualclampingproductsalreadyhavestandardmodelsandquantities,whichcanbepurchasedinthemarketwhenneeded.Forsomedevices,pneumaticclampingisspecified,butifpneumaticclampingisused,theworkpiecemaybedamaged.Therefore,itispossibletomanuallypresstheplacefirsttoprovideapneumaticclampingforcetoclamptheworkpiece.Thisismanual-pneumatic..Thefixtureclampingsystemismountedonalargeplatform,allofwhicharefixedinthisweldingpositiontoensurethattheweldingconditionsshouldmeetthedesigndimensionsoftheworkpiececoordinatesystempositioningfixture,whichinvolvesthebenchmark.
3.Benchmarksofassemblyandweldingfixturesandtheirchosensupportsurfaces
3.1Determinationofdesignbasis
Inordertoensurethatthethree-dimensionalcoordinatesoftheautomaticweldmentsystemareconsistent,allweldingfixturesmusthaveacommonreferenceinthesystem.Thebenchmarkisthefixturemountingplatform.ThisistheX,Ycoordinate,eachspecificcomponentisfixedatthecorrespondingpositionontheplatform,andhasacorrespondingheight.Therefore,theZcoordinateshouldbecoordinated,andathree-dimensionalXYZcoordinatesystemisestablished.Inordertofacilitatetheinstallationandmeasurementofthefixture,themountingplatformmusthavecoordinatesforreference.Thereareusuallythreetypes.Thestructureisasfollows:
3.1.1Referenceholemethod
Therearefourreferenceholesinthedesignoftheinstallationplatform,inwhichthetwodirectionsofthecentercoordinatesofeachholeandthecoordinatesofthefourholesconstitutetwomutuallyperpendicularlines.ThisisthecollectionontheXYplanecoordinatesystem.Theestablishmentofthisbenchmarkisrelativelysimpleandeasytoprocess,butthemeasurementsandbenchmarksusedatthesametimeareaccurate.Anyshapeiscomposedofspatialpoints.Allgeometricmeasurementscanbeattributedtomeasurementsofspatialpoints.Accuratespatialcoordinateacquisitionisthereforethebasisforassessinganygeometricshape.ReferenceAcoordinateddirectionformedbyonesideneartwodatums.
3.1.2v-typedetectionmethod
Inthismethod,themountingplatformisdividedintotwo90-degreeranges.Thelinesofthetwoaxesmakeupaplane-mountedplatform.Theplaneisperpendiculartotheplatform.ThesurfaceformsofthesetwoaxisgroovesXYplanecoordinatesystem.
3.1.3Referenceblockmethod
ReferenceUsingthesideblockperpendiculartothe3DXYZcoordinatesystem,thebaseofagageand3to4blockscanbemounteddirectlyontheplatform,orabearingfixingfixtureplatformcanbeadded,buttheheightofthereferenceplanemustbeusedtocontroltheheight,mustensurethesamedirection.Whenmanufacturing,itismoredifficulttoadjusttheprevioustwomethodsoftheblock,butthiskindofmeasurementisextremelyconvenient,especiallyusingtheCMMmeasurement.Thismethodrequiresarelativelylowsurfacemountplatformforthereferenceblock,soalargersizedmountingplatformshouldusethismethod.
Eachfixturemusthaveafixedcoordinatesystem.Inthiscoordinatesystem,itssupportingbasecoordinatedimensionsshouldsupporttheworkpieceandthecoordinatescorrespondtothesamesize.Sothechoiceofbearingsurfaceinthewholeweldingfixturesystem3.2
Whenthebearingsurfaceisselected,theanglebetweenthetangentplaneandthemountingplatformonthefixedsurfaceoftheweldingtestpieceshallnotbegreaterthan15degrees.Theinspectionsurfaceshouldbethesameastheweldedpipefittingsasmuchaspossiblefortheconvenienceofflatsurfacetreatmentandadjustment.Thesurfacestructureofthebearingshouldbedesignedsothatthemodulecanbeeasilyhandled,andthisnumbercanbeusedforthenumericalcontrolofthebearingsurfaceoftheproduct.Ofcourse,designingthevehiclebodycoordinatepointisnotnecessarilysuitableforthebearingsurface,especiallytheNCfixture.ThisrequiresthesupportofthefixturetoblocktheaccesspointS,basedonwhichthedigitalsurfaceisestablished.Thissurfaceshouldbeconsistentwiththesupportedsurface.Soatthistime,itiseasierandeasiertomanufacturethebasepointS,CNCmachining,precisionmachiningandassemblyanddebugging.
3.2Basicrequirementsforweldingfixture
Intheprocessofautomobileassemblyandproduction,therearecertainrequirementsforthefixture.First,accordingtothedesignoftheautomobileandtherequirementsoftheweldingprocess,theshape,sizeandprecisionofthefixturehavereachedthedesignrequirementsandtechnicalrequirements.Thisisalinkthatcannotbeignored,andthefirstconsiderationinthedesignofweldingfixtureisconsidered.Whenassembling,thepartsorpartsoftheassemblyshouldbeconsistentwiththepositionofthedesigndrawingsofthecarandtightenwiththefixture.Atthesametime,thepositionshouldbeadjustedtoensurethatthepositionoftheassemblypartsisclampedaccuratelysoastoavoidthedeformationormovementofthepartsduringthewelding.Therefore,thisputsforwardhigherrequirementsforweldingjig.Inordertoensurethesmoothprocessofautomobileweldingandimprovetheproductionefficiencyandeconomicbenefit,theworkersoperateconveniently,reducethestrengthofthewelder'swork,ensuretheprecisionoftheautomobileassemblyandimprovethequalityoftheautomobileproduction.Therefore,whenthefixturedesignisdesigned,thedesignstructureshouldberelativelysimple,ithasgoodoperability,itisrelativelyeasytomakeandmaintain,andthereplacementoffixturepartsismoreconvenientwhenthefixturepartsaredamaged,andthecostisrelativelyeconomicalandreasonable.Buttheweldingfixturemustmeettheconstructiontechnologyrequirements.Whenthefixtureiswelded,thestructureofthefixtureshouldbeopensothattheweldingequipmentiseasytoclosetotheworkingposition,whichreducesthelaborintensityoftheworkersandimprovestheproductionefficiency.
4.Positiontheworkpiece
Thegeneralpositionoftheworkpiecesurfacefeaturesisdeterminedrelativetotheholeortheapparentpositioningreferencesurface.Itiscommonlyusedasalocatingpinassembly.Itisdividedintotwoparts:
clampingpositioningandfixedpositioning.Takingintoaccounttheweldingpositionandallweldingequipment,itisnotpossibletoinfluencetheremovalofthefinalweld,butalsotoallowtheweldingclamportorch