完整word版Optical fiber communication technology.docx

完整word版Optical fiber communication technology.docx

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完整word版Opticalfibercommunicationtechnology

Opticalfibercommunicationtechnology

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opticalfibercommunicationistolightasthecarrierofinformation,withtheopticalfiberastransmissionmediumisameansofcommunication,hasbecomeoneofthemainpillarsofmoderncommunication.Thisarticleintroducedourcountryfibercommunicationseveralkeytechnologyanditscurrentsituationandfurtherdevelopmentoftheroad.Keywords:

opticalfibercommunication;currentsituation;wayout

[Abstract]fromtheopticalcommunicationofopticalfibercommunicationtechnologytalentshowingitself,hasbecomeoneofthemainpillarsofmoderncommunicationintheinformationsociety,isavarietyofinformationnetworkisthemaintransmissionmeansinthemoderntelecommunicationsnetwork,playadecisiveroleinthe.Opticalfibercommunication,asanemergingtechnology,rapiddevelopmentinrecentyears,applicationsbroadrangeofcommunicationsinhistory,butalsotheimportantsymbolofrevolutionofworldnewtechnologyandthefutureinformationsocietyinformationmaintransfertool.

In1,anoverviewofopticalfiber

Opticalfiberforopticalfiberabbreviation.Opticalfibercommunicationistolightasthecarrierofinformation,withtheopticalfiberastransmissionmediumisameansofcommunication.Inprinciple,constitutethebasicelementsofopticalfibercommunicationopticalfiber,alightsourceandalightdetector.Opticalfiberinadditiontothemanufacturingprocess,materialcompositionandopticalpropertiesforclassification,intheapplicationoftheopticalfiber,usedtouseforclassification,canbedividedintocommunicationandopticalfibersensorwithopticalfiber.Transmissionmediumopticalfiberisdividedintogeneralandspecialtwo,andfunctionaldevicesforopticalfiberreferstotheamplification,shaping,frequencydivider,frequency,modulationandopticaloscillationfeaturessuchasopticalfiber,andoftenafunctionofthedeviceappearedintheformof.

Opticalfibercommunicationisdevelopingrapidly,mainlybecauseofthefactthatithasthefollowingadvantages:

1）thecommunicationscapacity,transmissiondistance;2）thesignalcrosstalksmall,goodsecrecyperformance;3）resistancetoelectromagneticinterference,thetransmissionqualityisgood;4）fiberhassmallsize,lightweight,convenientinstallationandtransportation;5）andrichmaterialsource,environmentprotect;6）noradiation,difficulttotapping;7）cablestrongadaptability,longlife.

2,opticalfibercommunicationsystem

Currentlyusedintheopticalfibercommunicationsystem,iswidelyusedindigitalcoding,intensitymodulation--directdetectioncommunicationsystem.Thissystemschematicdiagramasshownbelow

3,opticalfiber

3.1inaccordancewiththerefractiveindexdistributionofdifferentpoints"

Iscommonlyusedinstep-indexopticalfiberandgradedfibertwo.The

（1）thesteptypeopticalfiber

（2）gradedfiber

3.2accordingtothetotaltransmissionmodule.

Thesocalledpattern,isessentiallyaformofelectromagneticfielddistribution.Patternsaredifferent,itsdistributionvaries,accordingtoopticalfibertransmissionmodenumbertopoints,canbedividedintosingle-modefiberandamultimodefiber.

Thesinglemodefiber

（1）（SM-Singlemodefiber）"

Multimodeopticalfiber

（2）（MM-Multimodefiber）

4,thecurrentsituationofthedevelopmentofopticalfibercommunicationtechnology

Opticalfibercommunicationdependsonthedevelopmentofopticalfibercommunicationtechnology.Atpresent,opticalfibercommunicationtechnologyhasmadegreatprogress,newtechnologyisceaselessemergeinlargenumbers,thengreatlyimprovecommunicationability,andexpandingthescopeofapplicationofopticalfibercommunication.

4.1wavelengthdivisionmultiplexingtechnology

WavedivisionmultiplexingWDM（WavelengthDivisionMultiplexing）technologycanmakefulluseofsingle-modefiberlowlosszonetobringthehugebandwidth.Accordingtoeachchannelopticalfrequency（orwavelength）,thefiberwithlowlosswindowisdividedintoanumberofchannel,thelightasthesignalcarrier,thesendingenduseswavelength-divisionmultiplexer（multiplexer）,differentspecifiedwavelengthopticalcarriersignaliscombinedintooneopticalfibertransmission.Atthereceivingend,againbyawavelengthdivisionmultiplexer（ODU）thesedifferentwavelengthlightcarrierseparatedbearingdifferentsignal.Duetothedifferentwavelengthoftheopticalcarriersignalcanbeconsideredasindependentofeachother（notconsideringthefibernonlineartime）,resultinginafibercanberealizedmoreroadofthemultiplexedopticalsignaltransmission.Sincetheendoflastcentury,wavelengthdivisionmultiplexingtechniqueappeared,becauseitcangreatlyimprovethetransmissioncapacityofopticalfibertransmissionsystem,quicklyandhasbeenwidelyused.

Since1995,inordertosolvetheproblemoflargecapacity,highspeedandlongdistancerelaytransmissionproblems,densewavelengthdivisionmultiplexing（DensDWDMWavelengthDivisionMulti-plexing）technologyhasbecomeoneofthemainresearchobjects.DWDMopticalcommunicationsystemhasgreatlyincreasedineachpairofopticalfibertransmissioncapacity,economicallyandeffectivelysolvesthebottleneckproblemofcommunicationnetwork.Accordingtostatistics,bytheendof2002,commercialDWDMsystemtransmissioncapacityhasreached400Gbit/s.In10Gbit/SbasedDWDMsystemhasgraduallybecomethemainstreamofcorenetwork.DWDMsysteminadditiontowavelengthnumberandtransmissioncapacityincreasesceaselessly,opticaltransmissiondistancefrom600kmaroundsubstantiallyexpandedtomorethan2000km.

Atthesametime,alongwiththewavedivisionmultiplexingtechnologyinlongdistancenetworktometropolitanareanetworkexpansion,coarsewavelengthdivisionmultiplexing（CoarseCWDMWavelengthDivisionMultiplexing）technologyemergeasthetimesrequire.CWDMchannelspacingforgeneral20nm,byloweringthewavelengthwindowrequirementsandachievefullwavelengthrange（1260nm~1620nm）wavelengthdivisionmultiplexing,opticaldevicesandgreatlyreducedcost,canberealizedin0km~80kmhighpriceperformanceratio,thusbytheoperator'swelcome.

The4.2opticalaccesstechnology

Opticalfiberaccessnetworkistheinformationhighway"thelastonekilometer".Torealizetheinformationtransmissionspeed,meettheneedsofthepublic,notonlyhavebroadbandbackbonetransmissionnetwork,useraccessisakeypartoftheopticalfiberaccessnetwork,high-speedinformationflowsintothousandsofhouseholdsisthekeytechnologyof.Intheopticalfiberbroadbandaccess,duetoopticalfibertoadifferentlocation,FTTB,FTTC,FTTCabandFTTHofdifferentapplications,referredtoasFTTx.

FTTH（fibertothehome）isanopticalfiberbroadbandaccessultimately,itprovidesfullaccess,therefore,canmakefulluseofbroadbandfibercharacteristics,toprovideuserswiththenecessaryunlimitedbandwidth,fullymeetthedemandofbroadbandaccess.Ourcountryfrom2003,inthe"863"projectdriven,begantheFTTHapplicationandpromotionwork.Sofarhasbeeninmorethan30citytoestablishatestnetworkandcommercialtrialnetwork,includingresidentsofusers,corporateusers,Internetcafesandotherapplicationtypes,includingoperatordominant,residentnetworkoperatordominant,leadingenterprises,realestatedevelopersandgovernmentdominantmodeofdominantvariety,agooddevelopmentmomentum.ManycitydevelopedFTTHtechnologystandardandconstructionstandards,somecityalsomadecorrespondingfavourablepolicy,thesearefortheFTTHdevelopmentinChinahascreatedgoodconditions.

InFTTHapplications,mainlyusestwotechniques,i.e.point-to-pointP2PtechnologyandthexPONtechnology,alsocalledtheactiveopticalfiberaccesstechnologyandopticalaccesstechnology.P2PtechnologymainlyusescommonlyreferredtoasMC（MediaConverter）toachieveuserandalocalendconnecteddirectly,itcanprovideuserswithahighbandwidthaccess.Atpresent,thedomestictechnologycanprovideuserswithFEorGEbandwidth,forlargeandmedium-sizedenterprisesusers,istheidealaccessmode.

In5,thetrendofopticalcommunicationtechnology

Inrecentyears,withadvancesintechnology,telecommunicationsmanagementsystemreformandthefullliberalizationofthetelecommunicationsmarketgradually,thedevelopmentoftheopticalfibercommunicationflourishonceagainpresentsanewsituationinthefieldofopticalfibercommunication,thefollowingforamajordevelopmentfocusdescriptionandprospect.

5.1tothesuperhigh-speedsystemdevelopment

Fromthepast20yearsofthehistoryofthedevelopmentoftelecommunication,networkcapacityneedsandtransmissionrateenhancementhasbeenapairofmaincontradiction.Thetraditionalopticalfibercommunicationdevelopmenthasalwaysbeeninaccordancewiththeelectricitytimedivisionmultiplexing（TDM）manner,whenthetransmissionrateisincreasedby4times,thetransmissionofbitspercostsfellbyabout30%to40%;andhighbitratesystemeconomicbenefitssubstantiallybyanexponentialgrowth,whichiswhythetransmissionrateofopticalfibercommunicationsysteminthepast20yearsintheincreasingrootcause.Thecurrentcommercialsystemshaveincreasedfrom45Mbpsto10Gbps,theratein20yearsincreasedby20O0times,thanthesameperiodofmicroelectronictechnologyintegrationtoincreasespeedismuchfaster.Highspeedsystemhasnotonlyincreasedtheservicetransmissioncapacity,butalsoforawiderangeofnewbusiness,especiallybroadbandandmultimediaprovidepossible.Thecurrent10Gbpssy