中学考试介词专题讲解及练习.docx

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中学考试介词专题讲解及练习.docx

中学考试介词专题讲解及练习

介词

I.介词是一种用来表示词与词,词与句之间的关系的词。

在句中不能单独作句子成分。

介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。

介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。

   II.介词归类大全

   一、表示地理位置的介词:

     

(1)at,in,on,to

       at 

(1)表示在小地方;       

(2)表示“在……附近,旁边”

       in 

(1)表示在大地方;      

(2)表示“在…范围之内”。

       on表示毗邻,接壤

       to表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤

   例句:

Hearrivedthestationatten.

         Heissittingthedesk.

         HearrivedShanghaiyesterday.

         JiangsuliestheeastofChina.

         RussialiesthenorthofChina.

         FujianisthesouthofJiangsuProvince.

注意:

表示“树上有……”时,in和on有区别。

用on表示这个事物属于树的一部分,但是用in表示这个事物在树上,并不属于树的一部分。

练习:

Thereisanapplethetreeandabirdthetree.

     

(2)above,over,on在……上

        above指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与below相对;

        over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。

        on表示某物体上面并与之接触。

   例句:

Thebirdisflyingmyhead.

         Thereisabridgetheriver.

         Heputhiswatchthedesk.

     (3)below,under在……下面

        under表示在…正下方

        below表示在……下,不一定在正下方

   例句Thereisacatthetable.

        Pleasewriteyournametheline.

   二、表示时间的介词:

     

(1)in,on,at在……时

       in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。

       如:

inthe20thcentury,inthe1950s,in1989,insummer,inJanuary,

           inthemorning,inthenight,inone’slife,inone’sthirties等。

       on表示具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚。

       如:

onMay1st,onMonday,onNewYear’sDay,onacoldnight

           inJanuary,onafinemorning,onSundayafternoon等。

       at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。

       如:

at3:

20,atthistimeofyear,atthebeginningof,attheendof…,

           attheageof…,atChristmas,atnight,atnoon,atthismoment等。

       注意:

在last,next,this,that,some,every等词之前一律不用介词。

如:

Wemeeteveryday.

     练习:

1.Timisgoingtogivehisfatherasurprise______Father'sDay.(  )

A.inB.atC.onD.By

2.Somepeopleareusedtogettinguplate______acoldmorning.(  )

A.onB.inC.atD.of

(2)in,after在……之后

      “in+一段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后;

      “after+一段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后;

      “after+将来时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。

      例句:

Mymotherwillcomebackinthreeorfourdays.

            Hearrivedafterfivemonths.

            Shewillappearafterfiveo’clockthisafternoon.

练习:

1.﹣Juniorhighschooldayswillbeover_______aweek.Howareyoufeeling?

﹣I'mtryingtokeepmycoolbecausewe'vebeentogether________threeyears.(  )

A.in;inB.for;inC.in;forD.for;for

     (3)from,since自从……

       from仅说明什么时候开始,不说明某动作或情况持续多久;

       since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻,通常与完成时连用。

       例句:

Hestudiedthepianotheageofthree.

             Theyhavelivedhere1978.

     (4)after,behind在……之后

       after主要用于表示时间;

       behind主要用于表示位置。

       例句:

Weshallleavelunch.

             Lucyishidinganoldhouse.

三、表运动方向的介词:

     across,through通过,穿过

     across表示横过,即从物体表面通过,与on有关;

     through穿过,即从物体内部穿过,与in有关。

     例句:

Sheswamtheriver.

           Hewalkedtheforest.

练习:

1.﹣﹣﹣﹣Dad,canwewalk____theroadnow?

﹣﹣﹣﹣No,we____.Wehavetowaituntilthelightturnsgreen.(  )

A.across;needn'tB.across;mustn't

C.through;can'tD.through;mustn't

   四、表示“在……之间”的介词:

     between,among

     between指在两个人或两个事物之间;

     among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。

     例句:

ThereisafootballmatchClassOneandClassTwoontheplayground.

           Theteacherisstandingthestudents.

   五、表示其他意义的介词:

     

(1)on,about关于

     on表示这本书,这篇文章或演说是严肃的,或学术性的,可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读;

     about表示内容较为普通,不那么正式。

     例句:

Therewillbealectureeconomicsthisafternoon.

           Heiswritingabookcooking.

           Hetoldmealothislifeinthesummervocation.

     

(2)by,with,in表示方法、手段、工具

      by以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具;

      with表示用…工具、手段,一般接具体的工具和手段;

      in表示用…方式,用…语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等;

     例句:

Hemakesalivingsellingnewspapers.

           Hebrokethewindowastone.

           TheforeignerspoketousEnglish.

     (3)except,besides除了

     except除……之外,不包括在内;

     besides除……之外,包括在内。

    例句:

Mr.Wang,wewenttoseethefilm.(王先生没去)

          Mr.Wang,wealsowenttoseethefilm.(王先生也去了)

练习:

1.﹣﹣﹣Areyourteacherhard____allofyou?

___Jerry,becauseheismuchyoungerthanothers.(  )

A.with,ExceptB.on,ExceptC.in,BesidesD.on,Besides

 

1、单项选择

1.Whatdoyouknowaboutthecartoon?

﹣﹣﹣Well,itbecameverypopularinwesterncountries________whenthecreatorofitwasonly_________.(  )

A.in1990s,inhistwenties

B.inthe1990s,inhistwenties

C.inthe1990,inhistwenty

D.in1990,inthetwenties

2.﹣WhatcanIdoforyou?

﹣IhopeIhaveanicehouse________abiggardenbehindit.(  )

A.ofB.withC.byD.to

3.The3﹣DfilmTheAngryBirdsopenedinChinesecinemas________May20,2016(  )

A.onB.atC.inD.to

4.Herbirthdayis______winter,themostbeautifulseasoninayear.(  )

A.inB.atC.on

5.I'dliketoholdournextmeeting____June23rd.IsthatOKforyou?

(  )

A.inB.atC.on

6.Hurryup!

Themoviewillbegin________10minutes.(  )

A.overB.inC.forD.at

7.Lookout!

Lookatthetrafficlights____crossingtheroad.(  )

A.beforeB.afterC.since

8.﹣Thelibrarynearourschoolisn'topenintheevening,sowecangothereduringtheday.Noproblem,I'llgowithyoutomorrow.(  )

A.dayafterdayB.inthedaytimeC.allthetime

9.﹣﹣﹣Wouldyoupleaseprovideus____someinformationabouttheaccident?

﹣﹣﹣Sure.Ithappened____themorningofJune5th.(  )

A.to;onB.for;inC.with;inD.with;on

10.I'mlookingafterTomtoday.He'sbeeninmyhouse______8:

00thismorning.(  )

A.atB.sinceC.forD.till

11.StephenHawkinggotmorethan380,000followersintwohours______firstmessageonWeibo.(  )

A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.until

12.Manyyoungpeopleputmobilegames______anythingelse,thinkinglittleoftheirnormallives.(  )

A.alongwithB.behindC.beforeD.infrontof

13.YingqiBirdNestLibrary,thesmallestlibraryintheworld,wasopenedtothepublicinNanjing'sHuashuVillage________theWorldReadingDaythisyear.(  )

A.onB.inC.atD.as

14.Jimsitsbehindme,soIsit________him.(  )

A.attheendofB.infrontofC.inthemiddleof

15.Ioftengotothebookstore________QuanchengRoadalthoughit'scrowded.(  )

A.onB.forC.fromD.between

16.MrGreeniswriting________theblackboard.(  )

A.inB.onC.at

17.﹣Oh,mygod!

I'veleftmykeysintheroom.I'llhavetogetin_____thewindow.

﹣﹣It'sdangerous.You'dbetterwaitforyourmomtocomeback.(  )

A.pastB.overC.acrossD.through

18.It'ssocoldoutside.Remembertoclosethedoor________youwhenyouleave.(  )

A.besideB.beforeC.withD.behind

19.Youcanbuyalmosteverything________theInternet,andit'sveryeasy.(  )

A.intoB.forC.atD.on

20.Taiwanlies______theeastofFujian,______thesoutheastofChina.(  )

A.on;inB.to;inC.on;to

2.选词填空

try,how,what,if,can,wonderful,much,shop,glass,read,down,put

Tomlivedawayfromtown.Onedayhewentintotowntobuysomethingintheshop,andafterhebought1.________hewanted,hewentintoarestaurantandsat2.________atthetable.Whenhelookedround,hesawsomeoldpeople3.________eyeglassesonbefore4.________theirbooks,soafterlunchhewenttoashoptobuy5.________,too.Hewalkedalongtheroad,andsoonfounda6.________.

Themanintheshopmadehim7.________onalotofglasses,buteachtimeTomsaid,“No,Ican’treadwiththese.”

Themanbecame8.________andmorepuzzled(困惑).Atlasthesaid,“Excuseme,but9.________youreadatall?

¡°No,Ican’t!

”Tomsaid,“10.________Icanread,doyouthinkIwillcomeheretobuyglasses?

 

一、单项选择题

1.The"teacher﹣freeexam"meansthatstudentstaketheirexams________teachers.Studentsmustbemorehonest.(  )

A.withoutB.againstC.throughD.by

2.Agoodstudentconnectswhathereads________whatheseesaroundhim.(  )

A.forB.withC.inD.on

3.Class,let'sseewhocanspellmostwords_______theseletters.(  )

A.atB.intoC.onD.with

4.Xiaoganiswellknown________thecultureof"Xiao".(  )

A.inB.forC.atD.on

5.TheBlacksusuallyhavemilkandbread________breakfast.(  )

A.forB.onC.about

6.Ifyouareplanningatriptoaplaceofinterest,you'dbetterlookinyourlocallibrary________abookaboutit.(  )

A.onB.atC.toD.for

7.WhenJamesarrivedattherailwaystation,hetriedtolook________aplacetoparkhiscar.(  )

A.afterB.atC.upD.for

8._________runningaftersuccess,wehavealotofotherinterestingthingstodoinourlives.(  )

A.ByB.OnC.BesidesD.Except

9.﹣Alice,wouldyouliketogohikingwithus?

﹣Whatapity!

Iamfreeeveryday________today.(  )

A.forB.exceptC.besidesD.among

10.Heborrowedsomemoney________meandgaveit________thepoorman.(  )

A.to;forB.for;toC.from;toD.tofrom

11.Thelocalcommunitycentreisopen________MondaytoSaturday.(  )

A.inB.fromC.forD.on

12.Itisimportant___ustomakefulluseoftime.(  )

A.forB.ofC.with

13.IhavebeeninChina________1997.(  )

A.sinceB.forC.inD.until

14.Althoughhewas_____myopinion,theoldprofessordidn'tcomeupwithhisown.(  )

A.againstB.onC.forD.in

15.﹣Asanurse,herworkgoes________takingcareofherpatients.

﹣Yes,shealwaysthinksofothers.(  )

A.beyondB.besideC.behindD.between

16.________JourneytotheWest,shehasalsoreadLittleWomen.(  )

A.BesidesB.ButC.Except

17.Fishcan'tlive___water.(  )

A.withB.inC.withoutD.of

18.﹣Haveyougottheanswer_____thequestion?

﹣Notyet.(  )

A.onB.withC.aboutD.to

19.Itisnecessary______ustohelpourfriendsoutwhen

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