English Test for Master Students.docx
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EnglishTestforMasterStudents
EnglishTestforMasterStudents(A)
Jun.2010
PartIListeningComprehension(20%)
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,you'llheartenshortconversations.Aftereachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestionwillbereadonlyonce.Listencarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.ThenwriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingplaceonyourAnswerSheetI.
1.A.Theteachertaughtthemanewlesson.
B.Theteacherwentoverthepreviouslesson.
C.Theteacheraskedthemtohaveadictation.
D.TheteacherwassicklastFriday.
2.A.Inacar.B.Inanoffice.C.Inarestaurant.D.Inasupermarket.
3.A.Drivethewomanhome.B.Worktogetherwiththem.
C.DotheworkforthewomanD.Leavetheworktoothers.
4.A.Tobuyanewcar.B.Togotobank.C.TogotoBoston.D.TogotoEurope.
5.A.Shemustgethercar:
repaired.B.Shecanusehiscar.
C.Shecan'tusehiscar.D.Shecanborrowsomeoneelse'scar.
6.A.Thismorning.B.Verysoon.
C.Maybelaterintheday.D.Perhapstomorrowmorning.
7.A.No,hedidn't.B.Yes,hedid.
C.No,hedidn'tknowit.D.Yes,hemighthavewatchedit.
8.A.LendJamessomemoney.B.UsesomeofJames'money,
C.HelpJamessavehismoney.D.HelpJameswinsomemoney.
9.A.Shewantstobuyanewskirt,
B.Shewantstoreturntheskirtherhusbandbought.
C.Shewantstochangethesmallerskirtforabiggerone.
D.Shewantstochangethebiggerskirtforasmallerone.
10.A.ShedoeslikeBill.
B.Shewouldprefernottogo.
C.Shedoesn'tknowhowtogo,
D.Shedoesn'tliketogototheparties.
SectionB
Directions:
Inthissection,youwiltheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassageyouwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ThenwriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingplaceonyourAnswerSheetI.
11.A.Inthenursery.B.Inthefamily.
C.Intheschool.D.Intheplayground,
12.A.Giveup.B.Gooutinstreets.
C.Asktheirteachers.D,COpYfromtheirSchoolmates.
13.A.It'seasiertogouphill.B.It'simportanttodiscardbadhabits.
C.Don'tplaywithotherschoolboys.D.Don'tletyourchildrencopyfromtheirschoolmates,
14.A.Hehadtomakehispatientshappy.
B.Hehadtoseethepatientseveryday.
C.Hehadtohireanursetoplaymusicforhim.
D.Hehadtoworkinahospitalforaperiodoftime.
15.A.Aradio.B.Apiano.C.Arecorder.D.Aclock.
SectionC
Directions:
Inthispartyouaregoingtohearonepassage.Thepassageisprintedbelowwithsomewordsmissing.Afteryoulistentothepassage,youwillhavetofillintheblankswiththemissingwords.Thepassagewillbereadthreetimes.RemembertowriteyouranswersonAnswerSheetII.
Paperisoneofthemostimportantproductseverinventedbyman.Awrittenlanguagewouldnothavebeenpossiblewithout
(1)towriteon.Theinventionofpapermeantmorepeoplecouldbeeducatedbecause
(2)Togetherwiththeprintingpresspaperprovidedanextremelyimportantwaytocommunicateknowledge.
Howmuchpaperdoyouuseeveryyear?
Probably,youcannotanswerthatquestionquickly.In1900,theworld'suseofpaperwas(3)ayear.Nowsomecountriesuseasmuchasfiftykilogramsofpaperforeachpersonayear.CountrieslikeU.S.,EnglandandSwedenusemorepaperthanothercountries.
Paper,likemanyotherthingsthatweusetoday,wasfirstmakeinChina.InEgyptandwest,paperwasnot(4)beforetheyear1400.TheEgyptiansworkedonakindofmaterialmadeofawaterbran.Europeansusedparchmentformanyhundredofyears.Parchmentwasverystrong.Itismadefrom(5)WehavelearnedofthemostimportantfactsofEuropeanhistoryfromrecordsthatwerekeptonparchment.
PartIICloze(10%)
Directions:
Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
Ithasbeennecessarytoreferrepeatedlytotheeffectsofthetwoworldwarsinpromotingallkindsofinnovation.Itshouldbe(16)alsothattechnologicalinnovationshave(17)
thecharacterofwaritselfbythe(18)ofnewmechanicalandchemicaldevices.OneweapondevelopedduringWorldWarII.(19)aspecialmention.The(20).ofrocketpropulsionswasweeknownearlier,anditspossibilitiesasa(21)ofachievingspeedssufficienttoescapefromtheEarth'sgravitationalpullhadbeen(22)bytheRussianandtheAmericanscientists.Thelatterbuiltexperimentalliquid-fuelledrocketsin1926.(23),agroupofGermanandRomanianpioneerswasworking(24)thesamelines,andinthe1930s,itwasthisteamthatdevelopedarocket(25)ofdeliveringawarheadhundredsofmilesaway.Reachingaheightofover100miles,theV-2rocket(26)thebeginningoftheSpaceAge,andmembersofitsdesignteamwere_(27)inboththeSovietandUnitedStatesspaceprogramsafterthewar.
Technologyhadatremendoussocial28intheperiod1900-45.Theautomobileandelectricpower,(29),radicallychangedboththescaleandthequalityof20th-centurylife,(30)aprocessofrapidurbanizationandavirtualrevolution(31)livingthroughmassproductionofhouseholdgoodsand(32)Therapiddevelopmentoftheairplane,thecinema,andradiomaketheworldseemsuddenlysmallerandmore(33).Thedevelopmentofmanyproductsofthechemicalindustryfurthertransformedthelifeofmostpeople.Intheyears(34)1945theconstructiveandcreativeOpportunitiesofmoderntechnologycouldbe.(35),althoughtheprocesshasnotbeenwithoutitsproblems.
16.A.notifiedB.observedC.commentedD.detected
17.A.transformedB.imitatedC.innovatedD.simulated
18.A.introductionB.innovationC.eliminationD.alteration
19.A.requiresB.entitlesC.furnishesD.deserves
20.A.principleB.disciplineC.strategyD.doctrine
21.A.methodsB.meansC.techniqueD.medium
22.A.takenoverB.handedoverC.carriedoutD.pointedout
23.A.SimultaneouslyB.AdvantageouslyC.SpontaneouslyD.Instantaneously
24.A.acrossB.atC.aloneD.with
25.A.capableB.ableC.possibleD.suitable
26.A.spoiledB.informedC.impactD.conflict
27.A.instrumentalB.mechanicalC.structuralD.integral
28.A.instrumentalB.mechanicalC.structuralD.integral
29.A.ontheotherhandB.asaresultC.onthecontraryD.forinstance
30.A.encouragingB.urgingC.promotingD.assisting
31.A.byB.inC.throughD.on
33.A.appliancesB.utilitiesC.instrumentsD.equipment
33.A.perceptiveB.accessibleC.complexD.controversial
34.A.precedingB.previousC.subsequentD.following
35.A.exploitedB.appliedC.adoptedD.processed
PartIIIReadingComprehension(35%)
SectionA
Directions:
Thereare5passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronANSWERSHEETIwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
Passage1
Whendoctorsneedinformationaboutwhatdoseofmedicationtoprescribe,theyusuallyconsultafatnavy-bluebookcalledThePhysicians'DeskReference,orPDR,anextensivecompilationofdataaboutdrugsformtheirmanufacturers.ButthedosesrecommendedinPDRmaybetoohighformanypeopleandmaycauseadversereactions,rangingfromdizzinessandnauseaallthewaytodeath,accordingtoanarticlepublished.
Formanydrugs---includingViagra,Prozacandsomemedicinesusedtotreathighbloodpressure,allergies,insomniaandhighcholesterol---smallerdoseswouldworkjustaswell,withfarlessriskofbadreactions,saidJayCohen,theauthorofthearticle.
"Sideeffectsdrivealotofpeopleoutoftreatmentthattheyneed,"Dr.Cohensaid,notingthatpeoplewithchronicconditionslikehighbloodpressure,headachesanddepressionoftengaveuptryingtotreattheirillnesseswhentheyfoundthatthecurewasworsethanthedisease.Butifdoctorsweretoindividualizedosagesforeachpatient,morepeoplemighttaketheirmedicine.
Dr.Cohensaidhebecameawareoftheproblembecauseheencounteredmanypatientswhosufferedfromsideeffectseventhoughtheyhadtakenwhatweresupposedlythecorrectdosesofmedicine.WhenDr.Cohenconsultedmedicaljournalsandtextbooks,hediscoveredstudiesshowingthatmanypatientswerehelpedbysmallerthanusualamountsofmedication.Andmayofhiswonpatientsdidbetterwithreduceddosesofmedicine.
Hesaidhisfindinghelpedexplainastudypublishedlastyearbyotherresearchers,whoreportedthatdrugreactionsinhospitalswereamongthenation'sleadingcausesofdeath,killingmorethan100,000Americansayear.Thedeathsthattheteamstudiedwerenotdu3tomedicationerrorsbydoctorsorpatients;theyoccurredinpeopletakingdosesthoughttobecorrect.
Dosingguidelinesgenerallytendtobetoohighbecausetheyarebasedonstudie3sconductedinlimitednumbersofpatientsbydrugcompanieswhentheyareseekingapprovalfornewproducts.Forthosestudiestorunefficiently,dosesneedtobehighenoughtoshowasquicklyaspossiblethatthedrugworks.Butlater,afterthedrugisapproved,farmorepeopletakeit,sometimesalongwithotherdrugs,andindividualdifferencesbegintoshowup.Yet,thatinformationdoesnotalwaysmakeitintothePDRanditisnotwelltaughtinmedicalschool,Cohensaid.
Dr.Cohencautionedthatpatientsshouldnotbegintinker