高考英语浙江专用优编增分二轮试题专题2 阅读理解 第2节 题型三 10.docx

高考英语浙江专用优编增分二轮试题专题2 阅读理解 第2节 题型三 10.docx

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高考英语浙江专用优编增分二轮试题专题2阅读理解第2节题型三10

十、词句猜测——句意理解题

（2017·浙江，A）

BenjaminWest，thefatherofAmericanpainting，showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays，abrushwasmadefromcamel’shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.

Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong，thecatbegantolookragged（蓬乱的）．Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.

Thecat’slotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear，oneofBenjamin’scousins，MrPennington，cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin’sdrawings.Whenhewenthome，hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings（版画）byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.

In1747，whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold，MrPenningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin’sparentsifhemighttaketheboybacktoPhiladelphiaforavisit.

Inthecity，MrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape（风景）painting.WilliamWilliams，awell-knownpainter，cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle，havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid，“Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday，andundermypillowatnight.”Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks，theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.

语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了美国著名艺术家本杰明·韦斯特是如何开始他的艺术生涯的。

21．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A．Benjamin’svisittoPhiladelphia.

B．Williams’influenceonBenjamin.

C．ThebeginningofBenjamin’slifeasanartist.

D．ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.

答案　C

解+析　主旨大意题。

文章从本杰明在六岁时自制画笔作画写起，到后来利用专业工具作画，再到知名画家送给本杰明书籍，都是在讲述本杰明是如何一步步走上艺术之路的，故选C。

22．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3suggest?

A．Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.

B．Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.

C．Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.

D．Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.

答案　D

解+析　句意理解题。

由前文可知，本杰明在没有专业画笔之前是用猫的毛制作画笔的。

画线句的字面意思是“猫的命运将会得到改善”。

由该段后文可知，本杰明的表兄送给了他专业的颜料和画笔。

由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。

23．WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?

A．Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.

B．Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.

C．HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.

D．Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.

答案　B

解+析　细节理解题。

短文第四段提到“HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.”，接着下一段又谈到“...MrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.”，由此可知，潘宁顿送给本杰明绘画材料来帮助他发展艺术才能，故选B项。

24．Williams’twobookshelpedBenjaminto.

A．mastertheuseofpaints

B．appreciatelandscapepaintings

C．gettoknowotherpainters

D．makeuphismindtobeapainter

答案　D

解+析　细节理解题。

由文章最后两句“Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks，theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.”可知，这两本书是他通往古典绘画的入门教程，也帮助他下定决心成为一名画家，故选D项。

一、题型解读

记叙文、说明文和议论文中可能会考查句意猜测题。

要求考生用合适的语句解释一个具有概括性的句子或格言、谚语。

设问形式常有：

（1）Theunderlinedsentenceinthefirst/second/...paragraphmeans“”．

（2）Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedsentenceinthefirst/second/...paragraph?

二、解题技巧——“意义吻合”定句意

　↓

　↓

例如：

【真题感悟】中第22题：

第一步：

速读文章，找出文章中与画线句子相关的句子

（1）Beforelong，thecatbegantolookragged（蓬乱的）．

（2）Whenhewenthome，hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.

第二步：

对比信息句、画线句和选项，确定答案

画线句上一段讲到为了制作画笔本杰明剪猫的毛使猫“破相”，接下来讲到堂兄给他送来了颜料和画笔使猫的命运得到改善，隐含着“本杰明将得到真正的画笔”。

由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。

A

（2018·湖南郴州质检）

6Companionplantingistheideathatwhensomecropsareplantedtogether，theyhelpeachothergrow.These1compatibleplantsgenerallyhavesimilarneedsfornutrients，soiland2moisture.

Adviceforcompanionplantingissometimesbasedmoreontraditionthanproof.ButFabianFernandezattheUniversityofIllinoissaysthereisevidenceforsomecombinations.Thesecanleadtobettercrops，reducediseaseandhelpwithpestcontrolbyattractinghelpfulinsects.Forexample，somekindsofsoilbacteriatakenitrogen（氮）fromtheairandmakeaformthatplantscanuse.Theplantskeepthenitrogenintheirroots.Legumes（豆类）areespeciallygoodatthis.Anycropssharingthesamespacecangetthenitrogenastherootsdecompose（腐烂）．

Cropslikebeansandpotatoes，carrotsandcabbages，beansandricecanalsoshareterritorywellbecausetheirrootsreachdifferentlevelsinthesoil.Deep-rootedvegetablesgetnutrientsandmoisturefromlowerdown，sotheydonotcompetewithshallowerplants.Butsomeplantsplacedtogethermayharmeachother’sdevelopment.Forexample，tomatoesdonotlikewetsoilbutwatercressdoes，asthenamesuggests.Soyouwouldprobablynotwanttoputthemtogether.

Evenafterharvest，somekindsofproduceshouldbekeptapart.Apples，forexample，releaseethylenegas，aplant3hormone.Itcancauseotherfoodstoripen（成熟）tooquickly.Marketsoftenseparatehighethylene-producingfoodsfromthosethataresensitivetothegas.Butsometimesyoumightwantthemtogether.Forexample，ifyouputanappleinabagwithagreenbanana，thebananawillbereadytoeatsooner.

Nowwhataboutpeaches，plumsandnectarinesthataretoofirmtoeat？

GrowersinCaliforniaanswerthisquestionateatcaliforniafruit.c-o/m.Theysayanapple，abananaorariperpieceoffruitisnotneeded.Thepeaches，plumsandnectarinesthemselvesreleaseenoughofthegastoripensuccessfully.

Here’stheiradvice：

placethefruitinafruitbowlorinapaperbagwiththetopfoldedover.Keepthefruitatroomtemperature.Whenthefruitissoftenoughtoyourliking，eitheruseitorplaceitinarefrigeratortostopfurtherripening.

语篇解读　本文介绍了兼容种植的原理和方法。

兼容种植是指当一些作物被种植在一起时，它们互相帮助生长。

1．Whatarethebasicneedsforcompanionplanting?

A．Goodoldcompanions.

B．Somekindsofsoilbacteria.

C．Similarneedsfornutrients，soilandmoisture.

D．Helpfulinsects.

答案　C

解+析　细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句“Thesecompatibleplantsgenerallyhavesimilarneedsfornutrients，soilandmoisture.”可知，兼容模式种植的基本要求是对“nutrients，soilandmoisture”有相似的需求。

故答案为C。

2．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mostprobablymean?

A．4Tosomeextent，companionplantingreliesmoreontraditionalexperience.

B．Inthefieldofcompanionplanting，proofalwaysspeakslouderthantradition.

C．Traditionalexperienceismuchlessreliablethanscientificexperiments.

D．Scientificresearcheshavethrownlightonthetheoryofcompanionplanting.

答案　A

解+析　句意理解题。

画线句子的意思是在某种程度上，兼容种植更多地依赖于传统经验。

故选A。

3．Accordingtothetext，whichgroupofplantsarenotsuitabletobeplantedtogether?

A．Beansandpotatoes.

B．Tomatoesandwatercress.

C．Carrotsandcabbages.

D．Beansandrice.

答案　B

解+析　细节理解题。

根据第三段最后两句“Forexample，tomatoesdonotlikewetsoilbutwatercressdoes，asthenamesuggests.Soyouwouldprobablynotwanttoputthemtogether.”可知，西红柿和豆瓣菜不适合在一起种植。

故答案为B。

4．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A．Weshouldchoosefruitfrommarketsasoftenaspossible.

B．Thepeaches，plumsandnectarinesshouldalwaysbeputtogethertogetriper.

C．Thefruitinafruitbowlorinapaperbagshouldbeeatenassoonaspossible.

D．Weshouldnotplaceanyripeningfruitoutindirectsunlight.

答案　D

解+析　推理判断题。

根据最后一段可知，我们应当把水果放在水果碗里或纸袋里。

保持水果在室温下，当水果柔软到你喜欢的程度的时候，要么用掉它要么放到冰箱里。

由此可推知我们不应该把任何成熟的水果放在阳光直射的地方。

故选D。

B

Afterfoursilentyears，the27-year-oldBritishsingerAdeleAdkinshasfinallyintroducedherselftotheworldagainwithHello，theopeningsongfromherthirdalbum25，whichwill8comeoutonNov.20.

AlthoughAdeleisaverysuccessfulsingernow，musicwasn’talwayswhatshesawherselfdoing.Atage10，whenshesawhergrandmother’spainoverthedeathofAdele’sgrandfather，she7picturedherselfasaheartsurgeon.

“Iwantedtofixpeople’shearts，”shetoldtheUKmusicwebsitei-D，rememberingthechildhoodinterestshe’dhadinbiologyclassesuntilshefoundoutthatherrealtalentwasforsinging.

Adeledidn’tgotomedicalschool，butmanywouldagreethatshestillhashealing（治愈）powers.“Hersongsfindthekindofmemoryeverylistenerholdssomewhereintheirheart.ThiskindoffeelingiswhatpeoplehavealwayslikedinAdele，”saidTheTelegraph.“Shewritesapopdiary，sharingthesimplesecretsofherheart.”

Mostsuccessfulpopstarsmakealbumsatafastpace，butnotAdele.Afterhersecondalbum21wonthe2012GrammyAwardforAlbumoftheYear，shemadeitclearwithherlabelthatshewouldspend“fourorfiveyears”makinghernextalbum.ShetoldVoguemagazine，“Iwon’tcomeoutwithnewmusicuntilit’sbetterthan21.”

Insteadofseeking5fame，Adeleremainedsilentandmovedtothecountryside.Inherfreetime，shelovedtowatchTVseriesTeenMom，AmericanHorrorStory，andTheWalkingDead.

Livinglifeasnormallyaspossibleisimportanttothesinger’sart.“Nobodywantstolistentoarecordfromsomeonewho’snotlivingintherealworld，”Adeletoldi-D.“SoIlivealow-keylifeformyfans.”

5．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?

A．ThepopularityofAdele’salbum25.

B．ThehealingpowersofAdele’smusic.

C．ThesecretsofAdele’ssuccessinmusic.

D．ThereasonforAdele’sbecomingasinger.

答案　C

解+析　主旨大意题。

通读全文，尤其是最后三段可推知，本文主要讲述了阿黛尔在音乐上取得成功的秘密。

故选C。

6．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2probablymean?

A．Adelewasn’tinterestedinmusic.

B．Adelewasn’tgoodatmusicatfirst.

C．Musicwasn’tveryimportantinAdele’slife.

D．Musicwasn’tallAdelewantedtobedevotedto.

答案　D

解+析　句意理解题。

根据第二段末句“Atage10，whenshesawhergrandmother’