教师用初中英语的八种时态被动语态非谓语动词.docx
《教师用初中英语的八种时态被动语态非谓语动词.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《教师用初中英语的八种时态被动语态非谓语动词.docx(89页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
教师用初中英语的八种时态被动语态非谓语动词
Ⅰ.初中英语八种时态归纳复习
时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳复习一下這几种时态。
一、一般现在时:
概念:
经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语:
always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.
基本结构:
①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:
①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:
①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时:
概念:
过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语:
ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.
基本结构:
①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:
①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:
①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时:
概念:
表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语:
now,atthistime,thesedays,etc.
基本结构:
am/is/are+doing
否定形式:
am/is/are+not+doing.
一般疑问句:
把be动词放于句首。
四、过去进行时:
概念:
表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语:
atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构:
was/were+doing
否定形式:
was/were+not+doing.
一般疑问句:
把was或were放于句首。
五、现在完成时:
概念:
过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语:
recently,lately,since…for…,inthepastfewyears,etc.
基本结构:
have/has+done
否定形式:
have/has+not+done.
一般疑问句:
have或has。
六、过去完成时:
概念:
以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
时间状语:
before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month…),etc.
基本结构:
had+done.
否定形式:
had+not+done.
一般疑问句:
had放于句首。
七、一般将来时:
概念:
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语:
tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.
基本结构:
①am/is/are/goingto+do;②will/shall+do.
否定形式:
①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:
①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。
八、过去将来时:
概念:
立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语:
thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…),etc.
基本结构:
①was/were/goingto+do;②would/should+do.
否定形式:
①was/were/not+goingto+do;②would/should+not+do.
一般疑问句:
①was或were放于句首;②would/should提到句首。
Ⅱ.几种常見时态的相互轉换
英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相轉换,以下是几种常見的轉换形式:
一、一般过去时与现在完成时的轉换
在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语連用,瞬间动词却不能。
但是,可用別的表达方式:
①瞬间动词用于“一段时间+ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对應的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间連用;③瞬间动词用于“Itis+一段时间+since+一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用itis来代替Ithasbeen;④瞬间动词用于“Sometimehaspassedsince+一般过去时”的句型中。
请看:
A.HejoinedtheLeaguetwoyearsago.
B.HehasbeenintheLeaguefortwoyears.
C.ItistwoyearssincehejoinedtheLeague.
D.TwoyearshaspassedsincehejoinedtheLeague.
二、一般现在时与现在进行时的轉换
在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如atwork(在工作),atschool(上学、上课)等。
此短语可与进行时态轉换。
请看:
Peterisatwork,butMikeisatplay.
Peterisworking,butMikeisplaying.
三、现在进行时与一般将来时的轉换
在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语連用表示将要发生的动作。
如:
Iamcoming,Mum!
意为“我就来,妈妈!
”请看:
Thetrainisleavingsoon.
Thetrainwillleavesoon.
四、“begoingto+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的轉换
“begoingto+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。
在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。
请看:
WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallnextSunday.
WeshallvisittheGreatWallnextSunday
一、一般现在时:
练习题
1.Weoften______(play)intheplayground.
2.He_____(get)upatsixo’clock.
3._____you______(brush)yourteetheverymorning.
4.What(do)______heusually(do)______afterschool?
5.Danny_____(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtanschool.
6.Mikesometimes________(go)totheparkwithhissister.
7.Ateightatnight,she__________(watch)TVwithhisparents.
8.________Mike________(read)Englisheveryday?
9.Howmanylessons_________yourclassmate________(have)onMonday?
10.Whattime_________hismother_________(do)thehousework?
11.Henever_____ahatinwinter.(wear)
12.Themachine______smoothly.(run)
13.knowledge_______power(be)
14.Timeandtide ______fornoma.(wait)
一般现在时练习题答案
1.play
2.gets
3.dobrush
4.doesdo
5.studies
6.goes
7.watches
8.doesread
9.doeshave
10.doesdo
11.wears(表习惯)
12.runs (表特征)
13.is (表真理)
14.wait(表真理)
15.describes(报纸,杂志)
改句子
1.Doyouoftenplayfootballafterschool?
(肯定回答)
2.Ihavemanybooks.(改为否定句)
3.GaoShan’ssisterlikesplayingtabletennis(改为否定句)
4.ShelivesinasmalltownnearNewYork.(改为一般疑问句)
5.IwatchTVeveryday.(改为一般疑问句)
6.Davidhasgotagoal.(改为一般疑问句)
7.Wehavefourlessons.(否定句)
8.Nancydoesn’trunfast(肯定句)
9.Mydogrunsfast.否定句:
一般疑问句:
10.Mikehastwolettersforhim.一般疑问句:
否定句:
11.IusuallyplayfootballonFridayafternoon.否定句:
改句子:
Yes,Ido
Idon’thavemanybooks.
Ganshan’ssistersdoesn’tlikeplaytabletennis.
Shedoesn’tliveinasmallvillageNearNewyork.
DoyouwatchTVeveryday?
HasDavidgotaboat?
Wedon’thavefourlesons.
Nanryrunsfast.
Mydogdoesn'trunfast
Doesyourdogrunfast?
DoesMikehavetwolettersforhim?
Mikedoesn’thavetwolettersforhim.
Iusuallydon’tplayfootballonFridayafternooon.
二、一般过去时:
练习题
练习题一
1.TomandMary___________(come)toChinalastmonth.
2.Mike_________________(notgo)tobeduntil12o’clocklastnight.Sohe_______(get)uplate.
3.Mary__________(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.
4.There_________(be)noonehereamomentago.
5.I___________(call)Mikethismorning.
6.Ilistenedbut___________(hear)nothing.
7.Tom___________(begin)tolearnChineselastyear
8.Lastweekwe_________(pick)manyapplesonthefarm.
9.Mymother________________(notdo)houseworkyesterday.
10.ShewatchesTVeveryevening.Butshe_______________(notwatch)TVlastnight.
11.________yourfather________(go)toworkeverydaylastyear?
12.—Whattime_______you_______(get)toBeijingyesterday?
—We__________(get)toBeijingat9:
00intheevening.
13.What__________(make)himcry(哭)justnow?
14.Lastyeartheteacher___________(tell)usthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.
15.There____________atelephonecallforyoujustnow.(be)
16.There__________notenoughpeopletopickapplesthatday.(be)
17.There_____________anyhospital(医院)inmyhometown(家乡)in1940.(benot)
18.There____________enoughmilkathomelastweek,wasn’tthere
19.Eli____________toJapanlastweek.(move
20.–When_______you_________(come)toChina?
-Lastyear.
21.Didshe________(have)supperathome?
22.Jack____________(notclean)theroomjustnow.
23._________(be)itcoldinyourcityyesterday?
24.Howmanypeople________(be)thereinyourclasslastterm?
25.It________(be)hotyesterdayandmostchildren_______(be)outside
26.There______(be)afootballmatchonTVyesterdayevening,butI_________(have)notimetowatchit.
27.Heatesomebreadand_________(drink)somemilk.
28.________he__________(finish)hishomeworklastnight?
29.I__________(be)tiredyesterday.
30.I___________(gain)Artsdegreelastyear.
31.What_________you___________(do)lastnight
32.Mygrandfather_________(leave)HongKongforNewYorkin1998.
33.What_______he________(do)yesterday?
34.LastweekI_______(buy)anewbike.
35.He________(be)herejustnow.
36.He__________(notfind)hiskeylastnight.
37.Myfather__________(drink)alotofwineyesterday.
38.________you________(finish)yourhomeworkyesterday?
39.I________(eat)someeggsandbreadthismorning.
40.Hermother__________(notgive)thegirlanypresent
练习题一(习题答案):
一:
1.came2.didn’tgogot3.read4.was5.called6.heard7.began8.picked9.didn’tdo10.didn’twatch11.Didgo12.didgetgot13.made14.told15.was16.were17.weren’t18.was19.moved20.didcome21.have22.didn’tclean23.Was24.were25.waswere26.washad27.drank28.Didfinish29.was30.gained31.diddo32.left33.diddo34.bought35.was36.didn’tfind37.drank38.Didfinish39.ate40.didn’tgive
习题二
二改错题
1.HowisJaneyesterday?
_____________________
2.Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.____________________________
3.Heoftengoeshomeat6:
00lastmonth.____________________________
4.Icanflykitessevenyearsago.______________________________
5.Didyousawhimjustnow.____________________________________
6.Tomwasn’twatchTVlastnight.____________________________________
7.Ididn’tmyhomeworkyesterday.____________________________________
8.Hewaitforyouthreehoursago.____________________________________
9.Whofinditjustnow?
________________________________________
三、按要求变换句型。
1.Fatherboughtmeanewbike.(同义句)
Fatherbought______________________________me.
2.Frankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.(一般疑问句)
_______Frank_______aninterestingbookabouthistory?
3.He’scleaninghisrooms.(划线提问)________he_______?
4.Whynotgooutforawalk?
(同义句)
_______________________outforawalk?
5.ThomasspentRMB10onthisbook.(否定句)
Thomas______________RMB10onthisbook.
6.Myfamilywenttothebeachlastweek.(划线提问)
________________________family_______lastweek?
7.Ididn’thaveanyfriends.(一般疑问句)
_______________have_______friends?
8.IthinksheisLily’ssister.(否定句)____________________
9.Sallyoftendoessomereadinginthemorning.(否定句)
Sally_______often______somereadinginthemorning.
10.Heisatall,thinboy.(划线提问)
______________he_______________?
四:
句型转换
TheyreadEnglishlastnight.
否定句:
__________________________________________
一般疑问句:
________________________________________
肯定/否定回答:
____________________________________
对划线部分提问:
____________________________________
二:
1.is--was2.go--went3.goes--went4.can--could5.saw--see6.watch--watching7.didn't后加上do
8.waited9.find--found
三:
1.anewbiketo2.didread3.What'sdoing4.Whydon'tyou5.didn'tspend6.Whereweremygoing
7.DidIany8.Idon'tthinksheisLily'ssister.9.doesn'tdo10.Howdoeslooklike
8.Theydidn'treadEnglishlast