致癌物分类.docx
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致癌物分类
致癌物分类
IARC根据对人类和对实验动物致癌性资料,以及在实验系统和人类其他有关的资料(包括癌前病变、肿瘤病理学、遗传毒性、结构—活性关系,代谢和动力学,理化参数及同类的生物因子)进行综合评价,将环境因子和类别、混合物及暴露环境与人类癌症的关系分为下列五类四组:
第一类:
致癌
组1,对人类是致癌物。
对人类致癌性证据充分者属于本组。
如吸烟和二手烟。
第二类:
很可能致癌
组2,对人类是很可能或可能致癌物。
又分为两组,即组2A和组2B。
组2A,对人类很可能(probably)是致癌物,指对人类致癌性证据有限。
对实验动物致癌性证据充分。
如生产艺术玻璃、常用电吹风的理发师。
第三类:
可能致癌
组2B,对人类是可能(possible)致癌物,指对人类致癌性证据有限,对实验动物致癌性证据并不充分;或指对人类致癌性证据不足,对实验动物致癌性证据充分。
第四类:
未知
组3,现有的证据不能对人类致癌性进行分类。
第五类:
很可能不致癌
组4,对人类可能是非致癌物。
编辑本段致癌物五类明细表
IARC专家组在2010年1月最新报告对834种环境因子和类别、混合物及暴露环境与人类癌症关系评价结果,
其中组1有100种,组1B有68种,组2B有246种,组3有516种,组4有1种。
IARC对化学物质引起人类癌症危险性评价,是目前公认的权威性资料。
在要了解某种化学物的致癌性时,应首先查阅IARC的资料(网址bbb:
193.51.164.11/monoeval/crthgr01.html)。
毒理学网2010年1月12日
OverallEvaluationsofCarcinogenicitytoHumans
Group1:
Carcinogenictohumans(100)
Agentsandgroupsofagents
4-Aminobiphenyl[92-67-1](Vol.1,Suppl.7;1987)
Arsenic[7440-38-2]andarseniccompounds(Vol.23,Suppl.7;1987)(NB:
Thisevaluationappliestothegroupofcompoundsasawholeandnot
necessarilytoallindividualcompoundswithinthegroup)
Asbestos[1332-21-4](Vol.14,Suppl.7;1987)
Azathioprine[446-86-6](Vol.26,Suppl.7;1987)
Benzene[71-43-2](Vol.29,Suppl.7;1987)
Benzidine[92-87-5](Vol.29,Suppl.7;1987)
Benzo[a]pyrene[50-32-8](Vol.32,Suppl.7,Vol.92;inpreparation)
(NB:
Overallevaluationupgradedfrom2Bto1basedonmechanisticand
otherrelevantdata)
Beryllium[7440-41-7]andberylliumcompounds(Vol.58;1993)
N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-naphthylamine(Chlornaphazine)[494-03-1](Vol.
4,Suppl.7;1987)
Bis(chloromethyl)ether[542-88-1]andchloromethylmethylether[107-30-2]
(technical-grade)
(Vol.4,Suppl.7;1987)
1,4-Butanedioldimethanesulfonate(Busulphan;Myleran)[55-98-1](Vol.4,
Suppl.7;1987)
Cadmium[7440-43-9]andcadmiumcompounds(Vol.58;1993)
Chlorambucil[305-03-3](Vol.26,Suppl.7;1987)
1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea(Methyl-CCNU;
Semustine)[13909-09-6](Suppl.7;1987)
Chromium[VI](Vol.49;1990)
Ciclosporin[79217-60-0](Vol.50;1990)
Cyclophosphamide[50-18-0][6055-19-2](Vol.26,Suppl.7;1987)
Diethylstilboestrol[56-53-1](Vol.21,Suppl.7;1987)
Epstein-Barrvirus(Vol.70;1997)
Erionite[66733-21-9](Vol.42,Suppl.7;1987)
Estrogen-progestogenmenopausaltherapy(combined)(Vol.72,Vol.91;in
preparation)
Estrogen-progestogenoralcontraceptives(combined)(Vol.72,Vol.91;in
preparation)
(NB:
Thereisalsoconvincingevidenceinhumansthattheseagentsconfer
aprotectiveeffectagainstcancerintheendometriumandovary)
Estrogens,nonsteroidal(Suppl.7;1987)(NB:
Thisevaluationappliesto
thegroupofcompoundsasawholeandnotnecessarilytoallindividual
compoundswithinthegroup)
Estrogens,steroidal(Suppl.7;1987)(NB:
Thisevaluationappliesto
thegroupofcompoundsasawholeandnotnecessarilytoallindividual
compoundswithinthegroup)
Estrogentherapy,postmenopausal(Vol.72;1999)
Ethyleneoxide[75-21-8](Vol.60;1994)(NB:
Overallevaluationupgraded
from2Ato1withsupportingevidencefromotherrelevantdata)
Etoposide[33419-42-0]incombinationwithcisplatinandbleomycin(Vol.
76;2000)
Formaldehyde[50-00-0](Vol.88;2006)
Galliumarsenide[1303-00-0](Vol.86;2006)
[GammaRadiation:
seeX-andGamma(g)-Radiation]
Helicobacterpylori(infectionwith)(Vol.61;1994)
HepatitisBvirus(chronicinfectionwith)(Vol.59;1994)
HepatitisCvirus(chronicinfectionwith)(Vol.59;1994)
Humanimmunodeficiencyvirustype1(infectionwith)(Vol.67;1996)
Humanpapillomavirustypes16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59
and66(Vol.64,Vol.90;inpreparation)(NB:
TheHPVtypesthathave
beenclassifiedascarcinogenictohumanscandifferbyanorderof
magnitudeinriskforcervicalcancer)
HumanT-celllymphotropicvirustypeI(Vol.67;1996)
Melphalan[148-82-3](Vol.9,Suppl.7;1987)
8-Methoxypsoralen(Methoxsalen)[298-81-7]plusultravioletAradiation
(Vol.24,Suppl.7;1987)
MOPPandothercombinedchemotherapyincludingalkylatingagents(Suppl.
7;1987)
Mustardgas(Sulfurmustard)[505-60-2](Vol.9,Suppl.7;1987)
2-Naphthylamine[91-59-8](Vol.4,Suppl.7;1987)
Neutrons(Vol.75;2000)(NB:
Overallevaluationupgradedfrom2Bto1
withsupportingevidencefromotherrelevantdata)
Nickelcompounds(Vol.49;1990)
N‘-Nitrosonornicotine(NNN)[16543-55-8]and
4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone(NNK)[64091-91-4]
(Vol.37,Suppl.7,Vol.89;inpreparation)(NB:
Overallevaluation
upgradedfrom2Bto1basedonmechanisticandotherrelevantdata)
[Oestrogen:
seeEstrogen]
Opisthorchisviverrini(infectionwith)(Vol.61;1994)
[Oralcontraceptives,combinedestrogen-progestogen:
see
Estrogen-progestogenoralcontraceptives(combined)]
Oralcontraceptives,sequential(Suppl.7;1987)
Phosphorus-32,asphosphate(Vol.78;2001)
Plutonium-239anditsdecayproducts(maycontainplutonium-240andother
isotopes),asaerosols(Vol.78;2001)
Radioiodines,short-livedisotopes,includingiodine-131,fromatomic
reactoraccidentsandnuclearweaponsdetonation(exposureduring
childhood)(Vol.78;2001)
Radionuclides,a-particle-emitting,internallydeposited(Vol.78;2001)
(NB:
Specificradionuclidesforwhichthereissufficientevidencefor
carcinogenicitytohumansarealsolistedindividuallyasGroup1agents)
Radionuclides,b-particle-emitting,internallydeposited(Vol.78;2001)
(NB:
Specificradionuclidesforwhichthereissufficientevidencefor
carcinogenicitytohumansarealsolistedindividuallyasGroup1agents)
Radium-224anditsdecayproducts(Vol.78;2001)
Radium-226anditsdecayproducts(Vol.78;2001)
Radium-228anditsdecayproducts(Vol.78;2001)
Radon-222[10043-92-2]anditsdecayproducts(Vol.43,Vol.78;2001)
Schistosomahaematobium(infectionwith)(Vol.61;1994)
Silica[14808-60-7],crystalline(inhaledintheformofquartzor
cristobalitefromoccupationalsources)(Vol.68;1997)
Solarradiation(Vol.55;1992)
Talccontainingasbestiformfibres(Vol.42,Suppl.7;1987)
Tamoxifen[10540-29-1](Vol.66;1996)(NB:
Thereisalsoconclusive
evidencethattamoxifenreducestheriskofcontralateralbreastcancer)
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin[1746-01-6](Vol.69;1997)(NB:
Overallevaluationupgradedfrom2Ato1withsupportingevidencefrom
otherrelevantdata)
Thiotepa[52-24-4](Vol.50;1990)
Thorium-232anditsdecayproducts,administeredintravenouslyasa
colloidaldispersionofthorium-232dioxide(Vol.78;2001)
Treosulfan[299-75-2](Vol.26,Suppl.7;1987)
Vinylchloride[75-01-4](Vol.19,Suppl.7;1987)
X-andGamma(g)-Radiation(Vol.75;2000)
Mixtures
Aflatoxins(naturallyoccurringmixturesof)[1402-68-2](Vol.56,Vol.
82;2002)
Alcoholicbeverages(Vol.44;1988)
Arecanut(Vol.85;2004)(NB:
Overallevaluationbasedonhumandata,
animaldata,andmechanisticandotherrelevantdata)
Betelquidwithtobacco(Vol.85;2004)
Betelquidwithouttobacco(Vol.85;2004)
Coal-tarpitches[65996-93-2](Vol.35,Suppl.7;1987)
Coal-tars[8007-45-2](Vol.35,Suppl.7;1987)
HerbalremediescontainingplantspeciesofthegenusAristolochia(Vol.
82;2002)
Householdcombustionofcoal,indooremissionsfrom(Vol.95;in
preparation)
Mineraloils,untreatedandmildlytreated(Vol.33,Suppl.7;1987)
Phenacetin,analgesicmixturescontaining(Suppl.7;1987)
Saltedfish(Chinese-style)(Vol.56;1993)
Shale-oils[68308-34-9](Vol.35,Suppl.7;1987)
Soots(Vol.35,Suppl.7;1987)
Tobacco烟草,smokeless(Vol.37,Suppl.7,Vol.89;inpreparation)
Wooddust(Vol.62;1995)
Exposurecircumstances
Aluminiumproduction(Vol.34,Suppl.7;1987)
Arsenicindrinking-water(Vol.84;2004)
Auramine,manufactureof(Suppl.7;1987)
Bootandshoemanufactureandrepair(Vol.25,Suppl.7;1987)
Chimneysweeping(Vol.92;inpreparation)
Coalgasification(Vol.34,Suppl.7,Vol.92;inpreparation)
Coal-tardistillation(Vol.92;inpreparation)
Cokeproduction(Vol.34,Suppl.7,Vol.92;inpreparation)
Furnitureandcabinetmaking(Vol.25,Suppl.7;1987)
Haematitemining(underground)withexposuretoradon(Vol.1,Suppl.7;
1987)
Involuntarysmoking(exposuretosecondhandor‘environmental‘tobacco
smoke)(Vol.83;2004)
Ironandsteelfounding(Vol.34,Suppl.7;1987)
Isopropylalcoholmanufacture(strong-acidprocess)(Suppl.7;1987)
Magenta,manufactureof(Vol.57;1993)
Painter(occupationalexposureasa)(Vol.47;1989)
Pavingandroofingwithcoal-tarpitch(Vol.92;inpreparation)
Rubberindustry(Vol.28,Suppl.7;1987)
Strong-inorganic-acidmistscontainingsulfuricacid(occupational
exposureto)(Vol.54;1992)
Tobaccosmoking吸烟andtobaccosmoke二手烟(Vol.83;2004)
Lastupdated:
13December2006
Group2A:
Probablycarcinogenictohumans(68)
Agentsandgroupsofagents
Acrylamide[79-06-1](Vol.60;1994)(NB:
Overallevaluationupgraded
from2Bto2Awithsupportingevidencefromotherrelevantdata)
Adriamycin[23214-92-8](Vol.10,Suppl.7;1987)(NB:
Overall
evaluationupgradedfrom2Bto2Awithsupportingevidencefromother
relevantdata)
Androgenic(anabolic)steroids(Suppl.7;1987)
Aristolochicacids(naturallyoccurringmixturesof)(Vol.82;2002)
Azacitidi