四级真题.docx

四级真题.docx

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四级真题

　　PartⅠWriting（30minutes）

　　Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledExcessivePackagingfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

　　1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象

　　2.出现这一现象的原因

　　3.我对这一现象的看法和建议

　　OnExcessivePackaging

　　PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

　　Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswersheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

　　SmallSchoolsRising

　　Thisyear’slistofthetop100highschoolsshowsthattoday,thosewithfewerstudentsareflourishing.

　　Fiftyyearsago,theywerethelatestthingineducationalreform:

big,modern,suburbanhighschoolswithstudentscountedinthethousands.Asbabyboomers（二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人）cameofhigh-schoolage,bigschoolspromisedeconomicefficiency.Agreaterchoiceofcourses,and,ofcourse,betterfootballteams.Onlyyearslaterdidweunderstandthetrade-offsthisinvolved:

thecreationofexcessivebureaucracies（官僚机构），thedifficultyofforgingpersonalconnectionsbetweenteachersandstudents.SATscoresbegandroppingin1963;today,onaverage,30%ofstudentsdonotcompletehighschoolinfouryears,afigurethatrisesto50%inpoorurbanneighborhoods.Whiletheemphasisonteachingtohigher,test-drivenstandardsassetinNoChildLeftBehindresultedinsignificantlybetterperformanceinelementary（andsomemiddle）schools,highschoolsforavarietyofreasonsseemedtohavemadelittleprogress.

　　Sizeisn’teverything,butitdoesmatter,andthepastdecadehasseenanoticeablecountertrendtowardsmallerschools.Thishasbeendue,inpart,totheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,whichhasinvested$1.8billioninAmericanhighschools,helpingtoopenabout1,000smallschools-mostofthemwithabout400kidseachwithanaverageenrollmentofonly150pergrade,About500moreareonthedrawingboard.Districtsalloverthecountryaretakingnotice,alongwithmayorsincitieslikeNewYork,ChicagoandSanDiego.Themovementincludesindependentpubliccharterschools,suchasNo.1BASISinTucson,withonly120high-schoolersand18graduatesthisyear.Itembracesdistrict-sanctionedmagnetschools,suchastheTalentedandGiftedSchool,with198students,andtheScienceandEngineeringMagnet,with383,whichshareabuildinginDallas,aswellastheCityHonorsSchoolinBuffalo,N.Y.,whichgrewoutofvolunteereveningseminarsforstudents.Anditincludesalternativeschoolswithstudentsselectedbylottery（抽签），suchasH-BWoodlawninArlington,Va.Andmostnoticeableofall,thereisthephenomenonoflargeurbanandsuburbanhighschoolsthathavesplitupintosmallerunitsofafewhundred,generallyhousedinthesamegroundsthatonceboastedthousandsofstudentsallmarchingtothesameband.

　　HillsdaleHighSchoolinSanMateo,Calif,isoneofthose,rankingNo.423—amongthetop2%inthecountry—onNewsweek’sannualrankingofAmerica’stophighschools.Thesuccessofsmallschoolsisapparentinthelistings.Tenyearsago,whenthefirstNewsweeklistbasedoncollege-leveltestparticipationwaspublished,onlythreeofthetop100schoolshadgraduatingClassessmallerthan100students.Thisyearthereare22.Nearly250schoolsonthefull,Newsweeklistofthetop5%ofschoolsnationallyhadfewerthan200graduatesin2007.

　　AlthoughmanyofHillsdale’sstudentscamefromwealthyhouseholds,bythelate1990averagetestscoreswereslidingandithadearnedtheunaffectionatenickname（绰号）“Hillsjail.”JeffGilbert.AHillsdaleteacherwhobecameprincipallastyear,rememberssittingwithotherteacherswatchingstudentsfileoutofagraduationceremonyandaskingoneanotherinastonishment,“Howdidthatstudentgraduate?

”

　　Soin2003Hillsdaleremadeitselfintothree“houses,”romanticallynamedFlorence,MarrakechandKyoto.Eachofthe300arrivingninthgradersarerandomly（随机地）assignedtooneofthehouses.Wheretheywillkeepthesamefourcoresubjectteachersfortwoyears,beforemovingontoanotherfor11thand12thgrades.Theclosenessthissystemcultivatesisreinforcedbytheinstitutionof“advisory”classesTeachersmeetwithstudentsingroupsof25,fivemorningsaweek,foropen-endeddiscussionsofeverythingfromhomeworkproblemstobadSaturday-nightdates.Theadvisersalsomeetwithstudentsprivatelyandstayintouchwithparents,sotheyaredeeplyinvestedinthestudents’success.“We’reconstantlytalkingaboutoneanother’sadvisers,”saysEnglishteacherChrisCrockett.“Ifyouhearthatyoursisn’tdoingwellinmath,orseethemsittingoutsidethedean’soffice,it’slikeapersonalfailure.”Alongwiththenewstructurecameamoredemandingacademicprogram,thepercentageoffreshmentakingbiologyjumpedfrom17to95.“Itwasroughforsome.Butbysenioryear,two-thirdshavemoveduptophysics,”saysGilbert“Ourkidsarecomingtoschoolinpartbecausetheyknowthereareadultsherewhoknowthemandcareforthem.”Butnotallschoolsshowadvancesafterdownsizing,anditremainstobeseenwhethersmallerschoolswillbeacure-allsolution.

　　TheNewsweeklistoftopU.S.highschoolswasmadethisyear,asinyearspast,accordingtoasinglemetric,theproportionofstudentstakingcollege-levelexams.Overtheyearsthissystemhascomeinforitsshareofcriticismforitssimplicity.Butthatisalsoitsstrength:

it’seasyforreaderstounderstand,andtodothearithmeticfortheirownschoolsifthey’dlike.

　　Rankingschoolsisalwayscontroversial,andthisyearagroupof38superintendents（地区教育主管）fromfivestateswrotetoaskthattheirschoolsbeexcludedfromthecalculation.“Itisimpossibletoknowwhichhighschoolsare‘thebest’inthenation,”theirletterread.inpart.“Determiningwhetherdifferentschoolsdoordon’tofferahighqualityofeducationrequiresalookatmandifferentmeasures,includingstudents’overallacademicaccomplishmentsandtheirsubsequentperformanceincollege.Andtakingintoconsiderationtheuniqueneedsoftheircommunities.”

　　Intheend,thesuperintendentsagreedtoprovidethedatawesought,whichis,afterall,publicinformation.Thereis,inourview,norealdisputehere,weareallseekingthesamething,whichisschoolsthatbetterserveourchildrenandournationbyencouragingstudentstotackletoughsubjectsundertheguidanceofgiftedteachers.Andifwekeepworkingtowardthatgoal,someday,perhapsalistwon’tbenecessary.

　　注意：

此部分试题请在答卡1上作答.

　　1.Fiftyyearsago.big.Modern.Suburbanhighschoolswereestablishedinthehopeof__________.

　　A）ensuringnochildisleftbehind

　　B）increasingeconomicefficiency

　　C）improvingstudents’performanceonSAT

　　D）providinggoodeducationforbabyboomers

　　2.Whathappenedasaresultofsettingupbigschools?

　　A）Teachers’workloadincreased.

　　B）Students’performancedeclined.

　　C）Administrationbecamecentralized.

　　D）Studentsfocusedmoreontestscores.

　　3.WhatissaidabouttheschoolsfordedbytheBillandMelindaGatesfoundation?

　　A）Theyareusuallymagnetschools.

　　B）Theyareoftenlocatedinpoorneighborhoods.

　　C）Theyarepopularwithhigh-achievingstudents.

　　D）Theyaremostlysmallinsize.

　　4.Whatismostnoticeableaboutthecurrenttrendinhighschooleducation?

　　A）Somelargeschoolshavesplitupintosmallerones.

　　B）Agreatvarietyofschoolshavesprungupinurbanandsuburbanareas.

　　C）ManyschoolscompetefortheBillandMelindaGatesFoundationfunds.

　　D）Studentshavetomeethigheracademicstandards.

　　5.Newsweekrankedhighschoolsaccordingto.

　　A）theirstudents’academicachievement

　　B）thenumberoftheirstudentsadmittedtocollege

　　C）thesizeandnumberoftheirgraduatingclasses

　　D）theircollege-leveltestparticipation

　　6.WhatcanwelearnaboutHillsdale’sstudentsinthelate1990s?

　　A）Theyweremadetostudyhardlikeprisoners.

　　B）Theycalledeachotherbyunaffectionatenicknames.

　　C）Mostofthemdidnothaveanysenseofdiscipline,

　　D）Theirschoolperformancewasgettingworse.

　　7.AccordingtoJeffGilbert,the“advisory”classesatHillsdaleweresetupsothatstudentscould.

　　A）telltheirteacherswhattheydidonweekends

　　B）experienceagreatdealofpleasureinlearning

　　C）maintaincloserrelationshipswiththeirteachers

　　D）tacklethedemandingbiologyandphysicscourses

　　8.isstillconsideredastrengthofNewsweek’sschoolrankingsysteminspiteofthecriticismitreceives.

　　9.Accordingtothe38superintendents,torankschoolsscientifically,itisnecessarytouse.

　　10.Tobetterservethechildrenandournation,schoolsstudentstotake.

　　PartⅢListeningComprehension（35minutes）

　　SectionA

　　Directions:

inthissectionyouwillhear8shortconversations,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）、B）、C）andD）、anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

　　注意：

此部分试题请在答案卡2上作案。

　　11.A）TryingtosketchamapC）Discussingahouseplan.

　　B）Paintingthediningroom.D）Cleaningthekitchen.

　　12.A）Sheistiredofthefoodinthecanteen.

　　B）SheofteneatsinaFrenchrestaurant.

　　C）SheusuallytakesasnackintheKFC.

　　D）Sheinveryfussyaboutwhatsheeats.

　　13.A）ListeningtosomeloudmusicC）Talkingloudlyonthetelephone.

　　B）Preparingforas