英语写作笔记整理.docx

英语写作笔记整理.docx

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英语写作笔记整理

英语写作笔记整理（转贴）

[字号：

大中小][关闭]2009-2-1620:

41:

41作者：

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英语写作笔记整理（转贴）

英语写作笔记整理（转贴）这个贴子是本站会员salomedance的原创贴，原贴发在zkbbs上，是2005年的备考笔记，转过来供大家一起学习下。

共8部分每部分大体包括:

范文、词汇和作文三部分.范文可以整篇背诵;词汇的学习主要靠多查字典来学习;而作文要掌握一定的逻辑和写作结构技巧（后面会谈到）.

PleaseRemember:

PracticeMakesPerfect!

第一部分:

I.参考课文，课本Page141WhatIHaveLivedforPara3

1."equal"（WithequalpassionIhave...）此处注意adj.→conj.状态的转换。

“微妙的conj.结构“。

例：

在下面几段文字的开头如下，Firstofall,...Anotherreason,...（此处的anotherreason虽然不是连词，但是却有了一个连词的感觉）☆在写作中，尽量每句话都要使用一个表示逻辑关系的连词，这个连词可以不局限在adv。

句与句之间的逻辑关系有四种：

1.递进2.因果；3.转折4.让步一般，在1和2、3与4之间很难化清界限（如Moreover,Hence既可以是递近也可以是表因果；admittedly既可以表示转折又可以表示让步），于是我们将1、2合并，3、4合并，于是英语句子之间的逻辑关系就简化为两种：

1）.顺接2）.反接总之，在每段的第一句话中都要用一些表明开始的话，如firstofall等等。

时间比较紧张的时候，也可以在文章中使用如"and""but"这样比较简单的连接词，这样可以简洁的告诉我们句子与句子之间的关系。

2.3个"Ihave"的并列结构表示”想“的几个词want,hope,except,wish,long（belonglingto...）,yearntodo（比较文雅）3.understand:

此处这个单词翻译成为”了解“比较好，里面包含了一层getintouchwith的含义。

4.shine→shone（过去式）Thesunshonegolden.5.apprehend:

understand/comprehended/figureout有的时候，我们在联想一个单词的同义词时，如果在脑海中寻找不到一个单词，那么可以换成两个单词去替换，比如v+adv的形式。

6.holdsway=control,govern有发言权；占统治地位的（haveasway/havenosway）比如，中国古代的男人就是经常haveasway,而女人则经常是havenosway。

→主流beinthemainstream7.参透、了解：

perseive和conseive（=plan）建筑；阴谋总结：

第3段，并不仅仅是在谈罗素怎么怎么喜欢星星这些浅层面的东西，如果那样的话，罗素也就不能成为一名伟大的思想家了。

这一段每句话其实抽象的概括起来都是在将一些自然科学领域的学科，比如哲学、逻辑学、伦理学、心理学、天文学和数学等等。

要注意这些句子中隐含着的内容。

Para4这一段用了一个对比，来转折。

1.reverberate:

resound回荡（echo,pl.echoes）打雷:

thunder2.famine:

饥饿theexpression"childreninfamine"isbetterthan"hungrychildren",or"childreninhungry"drought/flood（旱灾/水灾），遇到饥饿这样的单词要自然的联想到一些关于自然灾害的词。

tsunami（海啸）3.tortured:

折磨torment/persecute/suffer（from）统治者therichandpowerfulPatient病人,thesick,etc.4.victims牺牲者→victimize→victimization5.thewholeworldofloneliness,poverty,andpain...6.makeamockeryof=makeasportof讽刺7.Itoosuffer=Isuffertoo

词汇

1.want.hope,expect,wish,long,yearn2.understand=getintouchwith3.children=sonsanddaughters;posterity4.shine→shone5.cause,source,resource6.apprehend:

understand=comprehended=figureout（workout,produce,design）7.holdsway:

control/govern8.perceive/conceive9.reverberate:

resound,echo,thunder10.famine/drought/flood11.victimstarget,sacrifize,preysuffer→hurt=harm（ful）endure,bear,pity,putupwith12.makeamockeryof=makeasportofmunity→communal（love）14.alleviate→relieve15.Itoosuffer.=Isuffertoo.16.valuable=fruitful17.passion:

strongemotion,fervor,sentiment,ecstasy,enthusiasm18.overwhelming:

overpowering/crushing19.hitherandthither:

hereandthere/20.anguish:

agony,（great）pain,suffering,distress21.seek:

lookfor,search,pursue,huntafter/for,probefor,explore,demand22.relieve:

release,free,liberate,deliverfrom/outof,helpsb.outofsth,overcome,subdue23.unfathomable:

24.immeasurable:

incalculable,（estimate→）inestimable,infinite,endless,limitless,（exhaust→）inexhaustiable25.apprehend:

seize;graspprimary/elementary/fundamental26.pity→sorrow,compassion,sympathize27.economicgloballizationmultinationalcompany28.resist/reject/refuse29.忍受痛苦的n.suffering,sorrows,pain,woe,discomfort,affliction,agony=anguish,torture=torment,persecution30.trialsandtribulations31.blow:

carry,hit,puff32.sacrificed:

devoted,dedicated,abandon,indulge,addiction,renounce,relinquish,surrender,subdue33.vision34.hated:

disgusting,deface,dislake,abhor（rent）,loth35.makeamockeryof:

redecule,makeafunof,scorn36.backtoearth37.thelongingforlove/38.biased:

偏见39.foronething,foranotherthing...40.despitethefactthat+asentenceinspiteof+phrase

作文练习：

WhyPeopleAttendCollege?

UsefulVocabulary:

1.study:

academy2.broadenone'seyes（scopeofknowledge）,sharpone'sminds,andshapeone'shorizon3.severe:

严峻的severecompetition/fiercecompetition.

观点：

1.上大学的好处：

对个人和家庭；对集体；对国家和社会

【MyExerciseEssayforYourReference】Whenweconsiderwhyweshouldattendtheuniversities,attitudestowardsthisissuearevaried.Basically,peoplegotocollegeforthreemainreasons:

toobtainmoreprofessionalknowledge;toexperienceanewlife;andalso,togetabrighterfutureforoneself.

Firstandforemost,collegestudycanprovideastudentmorefruitfulknowledgebythewiseprofessorwiththevariousteachingfacilities.Freshmencanparticipatethelectureholdingbyateacherandlearntheknowledgeonanareaofconcentrationsuchasscience,business,liberalartsoreducation.Furthermore,manyhardwarefacilitiessuchasthelibrary,labswhichcanhelplearnersgetmoreinformationandpracticalknowledgeonacertainsubject.Clubsandsocialactivitiescanenrichanindividual'shorizonsaswell.Therefore,studentswillgetagreatamountofknowledgeandexperiencesforsure.

Secondofall,studentshavealimitedopportunitytospecialize.Afterobtainingaspecificcollegedegreeajobapplicantcanbecompetitiveforpreviouslyunavailablejobs.Forinstance,applicantswithComputerSciencedegreewouldnotonlybequalifiedorjobsinhigh-techcompanies,theywouldalsobepreparedforanyjobwithcomputerskillsasaprerequisite.Withlargerrangeofpotentialjobstochoosefrom,degreeholdersaremorelikelytofindajobthatsuitstheirpaticularneedsandinterests.

Lastbutnottheleast,thepromotionofthefamily'sexpectationsalsocanbeareasonfortheyouthpeopletogotocollege.Inthecontemporaryera,mostfamilyjusthaveonechild,andtheparentspayhighexpectationsontheonly-childandhopethey'llhaveabetterbrighterfuturethroughattendingtheuniversity.

Allinall,moreknowledgeindepth,bettercareerdevelopments,andthepromotionofthefamily'sexpectationsarethemaintypicalrewardsforgoingtocollegeanduniversity.Meanwhile,peoplemaynotbeproposedtosimplyfocusontheircareers,thelearningofnewexperiencesisalsoimportant.Onlybyactinghenceforthcanmangrowintoawell-roundedandfull-fledgedmanofvision.

8月2日整理

英语写作笔记整理（转贴）

[字号：

大中小][关闭]2009-2-1620:

41:

41作者：

浏览次数：

1次

第二部分

SampleEssay

Familiesarenowadaysnotsocloseasbefore.Givereasonsforthischange,andsuggestsomewaystobringfamiliescloser.

Nowadaystherelationshipbetweenfamilymembersisnotascloseasbefore.Butaswhatfactorscontributetothis,differentpeoplehavediverseopinions.Someattributetheslackingfamilyassociationstothefastdevelopmentofmodernsocietywhileothersbelievethatthechangesofhumanvaluesabouttheroleoffamilycausedthelooseningoffamilyunity.Generallyspeaking,bothfactorsthatpeoplebecomemoreandmorebusyandthatnewkindsofentertainmentburstoutaretherealreasonstobefound.

Firstly,peoplespendmoretimeontheirstudyandwork,withtherapiddevelopmentofmodernsociety.Comparedwiththepast,socialtempoisdoubledortripledandsocialcompetitionisbecomingmoreandmorefierce.Sopeoplehavetofacegreaterworkorstudypressure.Therefore,theyhavetodevotealmostthemselvestotheircareersoracademy.Furthermore,manyjobsrequirepeopletoworkinothercitiesandmanychildrenhavetoleavetheirparentsatanearlyagetostudyorworkelsewhere.Astimeflies,thesepeoplebecomeemotionalestrangedfromtheirfamiliesbyandby.

Anotherreasonseenapparentlyisthatpeopleareenjoyingmorecolorfulformsofamusementintheirleisuretimetoletouttheburdenoflifepressureorenrichone’sindividuallife,withthehelpofmodernscientificadvances.HencetherearevariouskindsofrecreationalfacilitiessuchaswatchingTV,surfingtheInternet,orplayingvideogamesthatoccupyone’ssparetimeorevenpredominatesomepeople’sworld.Consequently,theywouldbeunconsciouslydivertedfromenjoyingchatswiththeirfamilymembers.

Tobringfamiliescloser,urgentstepsmustbetakenintoeffect.Firstlypeopleshouldkeepfrequenttouchwithfamilymembers,especiallythosewholiveawayfromoneanother.Aregularphonecallcanbringthemthecaretheyneed.Secondlyneverbringyourworkhomeandleaveitinyouroffice.Itisagoodideatospendmoretimewithfamilymembers.Andmostimportantly,peopleshouldoftenconveytheconceptoffamilytotheyounggeneration.

Inthefinalanalysis,anintimatefamilyrelationshipcansurelybemaintainedaslongasmodernpeoplerealizethesignificantroleitplaysintheirlives.

----------------------------------------------------------

词汇

1.closed|:

united,harmonious●家庭成员间的关系,表示"亲密"intimate,solid→consolidatedattached依赖；依附devoted（familyrelationship,devotemeansmorethan"close"）inseparableunloosentight●家庭成员间的关系,表示"疏远"looseestranged=alienateddistantindifferentdetachedcoldassociation→dissociation（independencefromeachother）collapseshakyunstablefragile◆每个人对国家，都要affinity=identification认同感这句话让我想起，以前自己看到的一本书上的一句话，说“一个对自己祖国缺乏认同感的人是可悲的。

”好象是米兰·昆德拉说的。

2.节奏tempmomentum/tempo/pace3.nowadays:

inmoderntimes,inthisdayandage,inthisera/epochepochmaking划时代的3.facilities4.相反的diverse:

different,diversified,varying,varied,differing,differentiateddissimilar:

disparate分裂的；相反的包含很多的manifold/miscellaneous5.忙碌的busy:

occupied,engaged,tight-scheduled,etc6.assosiation:

kinship/comradeship/links/affinities/communications/changesofideas（thoughts）7.纽带bond:

ties关系.bond:

connected8.Fashion:

state-of-the-art/cuttheedge=cutting-edge（thenewest）panionship:

partners10.busy:

occupied,engaged,fight-scheduled11.idlehours休闲；无所事事的时光工作的概念work/duty/obligation/occupation/business12.humanvalueshumaity全人类humansentiments/idology/belief/convinction/outlook/ideas/practices（人类实践）13.valuev.重视payattentionto/focuson/attachgreatimportanceto/highlyvalued=highlyregarded/prized/treasuredhighlyesteemed