翻译的英文原文.docx

翻译的英文原文.docx

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翻译的英文原文

本科毕业论文（设计）

英文文献中文翻译

文献中文题目Unity指南

学生姓名

学号

所在学院

专业

班级

指导教师

2013年12月

成都信息工程学院计算机学院

Unity指南

Unity团队

UnityManual

UnityTeam

WelcometoUnity.

Unityismadetoempoweryoutocreatethebestinteractiveentertainmentormultimediaexperiencethatyoucan.ThismanualisdesignedtohelpyoulearnhowtouseUnity,frombasictoadvancedtechniques.Itcanbereadfromstarttofinishorusedasareference.

Themanualisdividedintodifferentsections.Thefirstsection,UserGuide,isanintroductiontoUnity'sinterface,assetworkflow,andthebasicsofbuildingagame.IfyouarenewtoUnity,youshouldstartbyreadingtheUnityBasicssubsection.

Thenextsection,FAQ,isacollectionoffrequentlyaskedquestionsaboutperformingcommontasksthatrequireafewsteps.

Thelastsection,Advanced,addressestopicssuchasgameoptimization,shaders,filesizes,anddeployment.

Whenyou'vefinishedreading,takealookattheReferenceManualandtheScriptingReferenceforfurtherdetailsaboutthedifferentpossibilitiesofconstructingyourgameswithUnity.

IfyoufindthatanyquestionyouhaveisnotansweredinthismanualpleaseaskonUnityAnswersorUnityForums.Youwillbeabletofindyouranswerthere.

TheUnityManualGuidecontainssomesectionsthatapplyonlytocertainplatforms.Pleaseselectwhichplatformsyouwanttosee.Platform-specificinformationcanalwaysbeseenbyclickingonthedisclosuretrianglesoneachpage.

GameObjects

GameObjectsarethemostimportantobjectsinUnity.ItisveryimportanttounderstandwhataGameObjectis,andhowitcanbeused.Thispagewillexplainallthatforyou.

WhatareGameObjects?

EveryobjectinyourgameisaGameObject.However,GameObjectsdon'tdoanythingontheirown.Theyneedspecialpropertiesbeforetheycanbecomeacharacter,anenvironment,oraspecialeffect.Buteveryoneoftheseobjectsdoessomanydifferentthings.IfeveryobjectisaGameObject,howdowedifferentiateaninteractivepower-upobjectfromastaticroom?

WhatmakestheseGameObjectsdifferentfromeachother?

TheanswertothisquestionisthatGameObjectsarecontainers.Theyareemptyboxeswhichcanholdthedifferentpiecesthatmakeupalightmappedislandoraphysics-drivencar.SotoreallyunderstandGameObjects,youhavetounderstandthesepieces;theyarecalledComponents.Dependingonwhatkindofobjectyouwanttocreate,youwilladddifferentcombinationsofComponentstotheGameObject.ThinkofaGameObjectasanemptycookingpot,andComponentsasdifferentingredientsthatmakeupyourrecipeofgameplay.YoucanalsomakeyourownComponentsusingScripts.

YoucanreadmoreaboutGameObjects,Components,andScriptComponentsonthepagesinthissection:

∙TheGameObject-ComponentRelationship

∙UsingComponents

∙TheComponent-ScriptRelationship

∙DeactivatingGameObjects

TheGameObject-ComponentRelationship

AsdescribedpreviouslyinGameObjects,aGameObjectcontainsComponents.We'llexplorethisrelationshipbydiscussingaGameObjectanditsmostcommonComponent--theTransformComponent.WithanyUnitySceneopen,createanewGameObject（usingShift-Control-NonWindowsorShift-Command-NonMac）,selectitandtakealookattheInspector.

TheInspectorofanEmptyGameObject

NoticethatanemptyGameObjectstillcontainsaName,aTag,andaLayer.EveryGameObjectalsocontainsaTransformComponent.

TheTransformComponent

ItisimpossibletocreateaGameObjectinUnitywithoutaTransformComponent.TheTransformComponentisoneofthemostimportantComponents,sincealloftheGameObject'sTransformpropertiesareenabledbyitsuseofthisComponent.ItdefinestheGameObject'sposition,rotation,andscaleinthegameworld/SceneView.IfaGameObjectdidnothaveaTransformComponent,itwouldbenothingmorethansomeinformationinthecomputer'smemory.Iteffectivelywouldnotexistintheworld.

TheTransformComponentalsoenablesaconceptcalledParenting,whichisutilizedthroughtheUnityEditorandisacriticalpartofworkingwithGameObjects.TolearnmoreabouttheTransformComponentandParenting,readtheTransformComponentReferencepage.

OtherComponents

TheTransformComponentiscriticaltoallGameObjects,soeachGameObjecthasone.ButGameObjectscancontainotherComponentsaswell.

TheMainCamera,addedtoeachscenebydefault

LookingattheMainCameraGameObject,youcanseethatitcontainsadifferentcollectionofComponents.Specifically,aCameraComponent,aGUILayer,aFlareLayer,andanAudioListener.AlloftheseComponentsprovideadditionalfunctionalitytotheGameObject.Withoutthem,therewouldbenothingrenderingthegraphicsofthegameforthepersonplaying!

Rigidbodies,Colliders,Particles,andAudioarealldifferentComponents（orcombinationsofComponents）thatcanbeaddedtoanygivenGameObject.

UsingComponents

Componentsarethenuts&boltsofobjectsandbehaviorsinagame.TheyarethefunctionalpiecesofeveryGameObject.Ifyoudon'tyetunderstandtherelationshipbetweenComponentsandGameObjects,readtheGameObjectspagebeforegoinganyfurther.

AGameObjectisacontainerformanydifferentComponents.Bydefault,allGameObjectsautomaticallyhaveaTransformComponent.ThisisbecausetheTransformdictateswheretheGameObjectislocated,andhowitisrotatedandscaled.WithoutaTransformComponent,theGameObjectwouldn'thavealocationintheworld.TrycreatinganemptyGameObjectnowasanexample.ClicktheGameObject->CreateEmptymenuitem.SelectthenewGameObject,andlookattheInspector.

EvenemptyGameObjectshaveaTransformComponent

RememberthatyoucanalwaysusetheInspectortoseewhichComponentsareattachedtotheselectedGameObject.AsComponentsareaddedandremoved,theInspectorwillalwaysshowyouwhichonesarecurrentlyattached.YouwillusetheInspectortochangeallthepropertiesofanyComponent（includingscripts）

AddingComponents

YoucanaddComponentstotheselectedGameObjectthroughtheComponentsmenu.We'lltrythisnowbyaddingaRigidbodytotheemptyGameObjectwejustcreated.SelectitandchooseComponent->Physics->Rigidbodyfromthemenu.Whenyoudo,youwillseetheRigidbody'spropertiesappearintheInspector.IfyoupressPlaywhiletheemptyGameObjectisstillselected,youmightgetalittlesurprise.TryitandnoticehowtheRigidbodyhasaddedfunctionalitytotheotherwiseemptyGameObject.（They-componentoftheGameObjectstartstodecrease.ThisisbecausethephysicsengineinUnityiscausingtheGameObjecttofallundergravity.）

AnemptyGameObjectwithaRigidbodyComponentattached

AnotheroptionistousetheComponentBrowser,whichcanbeactivatedwiththeAddComponentbuttonintheobject'sInspector.

Thebrowserletsyounavigatethecomponentsconvenientlybycategoryandalsohasasearchboxthatyoucanusetolocatecomponentsbyname.

YoucanattachanynumberorcombinationofComponentstoasingleGameObject.SomeComponentsworkbestincombinationwithothers.Forexample,theRigidbodyworkswithanyCollider.TheRigidbodycontrolstheTransformthroughtheNVIDIAPhysXphysicsengine,andtheColliderallowstheRigidbodytocollideandinteractwithotherColliders.

IfyouwanttoknowmoreaboutusingaparticularComponent,youcanreadaboutanyofthemintheComponentReference.YoucanalsoaccessthereferencepageforaComponentfromUnitybyclickingonthesmall?

ontheComponent'sheaderintheInspector.

EditingComponents

OneofthegreataspectsofComponentsisflexibility.WhenyouattachaComponenttoaGameObject,therearedifferentvaluesorPropertiesintheComponentthatcanbeadjustedintheeditorwhilebuildingagame,orbyscriptswhenrunningthegame.TherearetwomaintypesofProperties:

ValuesandReferences.

Lookattheimagebelow.ItisanemptyGameObjectwithanAudioSourceComponent.AllthevaluesoftheAudioSourceintheInspectorarethedefaultvalues.

ThisComponentcontainsasingleReferenceproperty,andsevenValueproperties.AudioClipistheReferenceproperty.WhenthisAudioSourcebeginsplaying,itwillattempttoplaytheaudiofilethatisreferencedintheAudioClipproperty.Ifnoreferenceismade,anerrorwilloccurbecausethereisnoaudiotobeplayed.YoumustreferencethefilewithintheInspector.ThisisaseasyasdragginganaudiofilefromtheProjectViewontotheReferencePropertyorusingtheObjectSelector.

NowasoundeffectfileisreferencedintheAudioClipproperty

ComponentscanincludereferencestoanyothertypeofComponent,GameObjects,orAssets.YoucanreadmoreaboutassigningreferencesontheAssigningReferencespage.

TheremainingpropertiesontheAudioClipareallValueproperties.ThesecanbeadjusteddirectlyintheInspector.TheValuepropertiesontheAudioCliparealltoggles,numericvalues,drop-downfields,butvaluepropertiescanalsobetextstrings,colors,curves,andothertypes.YoucanreadmoreabouttheseandabouteditingvaluepropertiesontheEditingValuePropertiespage.

CopyingandpastingComponentsettings

ThecontextmenuforaComponenthasitemsforcopyingandpastingitssettings.

ThecopiedvaluescanbepastedtoanexistingcomponentusingthePasteComponentValuesmenuitem.Alternatively,youcanusePasteComponentAsNewtocreateanewComponentwiththosevalues.

TestingoutProperties

WhileyourgameisinPlayMode,youarefreetochangepropertiesinanyGameObject'sInspector.Forexample,youmightwanttoexperimentwithdifferentheightsofjumping.IfyoucreateaJumpHeightpropertyinascript,youcanenterPlayMode,changet