工业设计产品设计中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx

工业设计产品设计中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx

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工业设计产品设计中英文对照外文翻译文献

（文档含英文原文和中文翻译）

中英文翻译

原文：

DESIGNandENVIRONMENT

Productdesignistheprincipalpartandkernelofindustrialdesign.Productdesigngivesusespleasure.Agooddesigncanbringhopeandcreatenewlifestyletohuman.

Inspscificity,productsareonlyoutcomesoffactorysuchasmechanicalandelectricalproducts,costumeandsoon.Ingenerality,anything,whateveritistangibileorintangible,thatcanbeprovidedforamarket,canbeweighedwithvaluebycustomers,andcansatisfyaneedordesire,canbeentiledasproducts.

Innovativedesignhascomeintohumanlife.Itmakesproductlookingbrand-newandbringsnewaestheticfeelingandattractionthataredifferentfromtraditionalproducts.Enterprosetendtorenovateideaofproductdesignbecauseofchangeofconsumer'slifestyle,emphasisonindividuationandself-expression,marketcompetitionandrequirementofindividuationofproduct.

Productdesignincludesfactorsofsociety,economy,techologyandleteraehumaniores.

Tasksofproductdesignincludesstyling,color,faceprocessingandselectionofmaterialandoptimizationofhuman-machineinterface.

Designisakindofthinkingoflifestyle.Productanddesignconceptioncanguidehumanlifestyle.Inreverse,lifestylealsomanipulatesorientationanddevelopmentofproductfromthinkinglayer.

Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmoreattentionispaidtoausterityofenvironmentalpromblems,suchaspollutingofatmosphere,destroyofforest,soilerosion,landdesertification,waterresourcepolluting,agreatdealofspeciesbecamingextinct,exhanstingofpetroleum,naturalgasandcoalandsoon.Adesignershouldhaveastrongconsciousnessofprotectingenvironmentandtomakehis\herdesigntobebasedonavoidingdestroyingenvironmentandsavingnaturalrecourse.

Nowadays,greenhouseeffects,destroyedozonelayersandacidrainarethreeglobalenvironmentalquestions.

Greenhouseeffectisphenomenaoftheatmospherebecomingwarmer.TheformingprincipleofgreenhouseeffectisthattheSunshortwaveradiationcanpenetrateintogroundthroughatmosphere,longwaveradiationemittedfromgroundaftergroundiswarmed,isabsorbedbycarbondioxideofatmosphere,andthenatmospheregetswarmer.Thecarbondioxideintheatmospherechangestheearthtoalargegreenhouselikeathicklayerofglass.Methane,ozone,chlorine,Fluorine,hydrocarbonandaqueousvaporalsomakesomecontributiontogreenhouseeffects.Withrapidincreaseofpopulationandrapiddevelopmentofindustry,moreandmorecarbondioxideofatmosphereentersintoatmosphere.Becauseforestiscundowninalargeamountalso,carbondioxideincreasesgradally,andthegreenhouseeffectsarestrengthenedconstantly.Theresultsofthegreenhouseeffectsareveryserious.Thegreatchangeswilltakeplaceinthenaturalecology,suchasdesertexpanding,landcorrodingaggravating,forestretreatingtothepolarregion,calamityofdroughtandwaterlogseriousandrainfallincreasing.Thetemperatezonewillbewetterinwaterandwillbedroughtierinsummer.Tropicalzonewillbecomewetterandsubtropicalzonewillbecomemorearid.Alloftheseabovewillforcestheexistingirrigationworkstobeadjusted.Coastalregionswillbethreatenedseriously.Becausethetemperatureisrising,ice-cubeswillbemeltedatthetwopolessotothesealevelwillberisingandalotofcitiesandportswillbesubmerged.

Theozonelayerdestroyedshockedacademiaandthewholeinternationalaommunity.Americanscientists,MonilaandRowland,pointedoutthatitishumanactivitiesbringozoneholeoftoday.arch-criminalthatwenowwellknowisfreonandKazakhstandragon.

Acidrainhasalreadybecomeakindofairpollutionphenomenoninextensiverange,crossingovernationalboundariesatpresent.Acidraindestroyssoil,makeslakeacidandendangersgrowingofabimalsandplants.Italsostimulatespeople'sskin,bringsouttheskindisease,causeslunghydronces,lungharden,andcorrodesthemetalproduct,paint,leather,fabricsandbuildingwithcarbonate.

Inaword,theenvironmentofhumanlifehasalreadyworseneddaybyday.Thereasonsoftheworseningmostlycomefromthehumanownbadlifestyle,disrespectingtheobjectivelaw,eagerforquicksuccess,useoftheearthresourcewithoutscientificplan,andlackofconsciousnesspratectingtheenvironmentindesign.Sotheydestroyhomebythemselves,whichnotonlyharmhumanoncontemporary,butalsoseriouslyinfluenceexistenceofdescendants.

Theenvironmentalquestioniscausedbypeople'sbaddesignandlifestyletoagreatextent,whichputsforwardaseriousquestionforadesignerthatdesignersshouldundertakethehistoricalimportanttaskofenvironmentprotection.

Industryhasbroughtthedisastertoworldwhilecreatesalargeamountofwealthformankind.Industrydesignhasacceleratedtheconsumpitionoftheresourceandenergyresourceandhascausedenormousdestructiontotheecologicalbalanceoftheearthwhilecreatingmodernlifestyleandlivingenvironmentformankind.

Soasindustrydesigners,settingupenvironmentalawarenessincarnatestheirmoralsandsocialsenseofresponsibility.Designersmustberesponsiblefortheirowndesigns,andmusttakehumanhealthandblessedness,andharmonicallycoexistingofnaturewiththehumanastherulesnecessarilyobeyedintheirowndesign.

Designersmustalsomasterthenecessaryknowledegeinmaterial,craft,chemicalindustry,manufacturing,ect.,inordertobepossibleforavoidingtodangertoenvironmentcausingbyhisdesign.

Theconceptof"Sustainabledevelopmentdesign"hasepoch-malingmeaningsofhumanityandrealdevelopmentoftheworld.Itreflectsthedesigner'smoralsandresponsibility,andhasalreadybecomethetrendofdesigningdevelopmentinthe21stcentury.Hence,mankind'sdevelopmentmadeoftraditionalindustrialcivilizationwasturnedtooneofthemodernecologicalcivilization.Itisthecoordinationofsocialprogress,economicgrowthandenvironmentalprotestion.

Sustainabledevelopmentisakindconceptofbrand-newethics,moralsandvaluesthatpeopleshouldfollow.Itsessenceliesinfullyutilizingthemodernscienceandtechnongy,exploitinggreenresources,developmentconstantly,impellingharmoniousdevelopmentbetweenhumanandnatureandpramotinginter-harmonyofpopulation,resourceandenvironment.

Solvingtheproblemofsustainabledevelopmentisachangeoftechnologicalinnovationandbehaviormade.

Sustainabledevelopmentstrategyistosolvetheproblemofmeetingcontemporarypeople'sdemandsinmaximumunderthepreconditionofun-hurtingseveralgenerations'demandsofthefuture.Itwillrealizetheunityofthepresentinterestsandlong-terminterestandleavethedevelopmentspacefordescendants.

Thequestionofthestrategicconsiderationofsustainabledevelopmentshouldincludecirculation,greenenergyandecologicalefficiency.

Greendesigncomesfromintrospectiononenvironmentalandecologicaldisruptioncausedbydesignofmoderntechnologyandculture.Greendesignfocusesonthebalancerelationofpersonsandnaturalecology.Designersshouldconsidertheenvironmentalbenefitsateverydecisionofthedisignprocess,andtrytheirbesttoreducethedestructiontoenvironment.

Forindustrydesign,thecoreofgreendesignis"3R",namelyReduce,RecycleandReuse.Itisnecessarynotonlytoreduceconsunptionofsubstanceandenergysources,andreducelettingofharmfulsubstance,butalsotoclassifiedreclaim,recycleandreuseproductsandpartsconveniently.Greendesignisnotonlytechnical,butalsoaninnovativeidea.Itrequiresdesignertogiveupsomerat-fuckmethodexcessivelyemphasizingatthestyleofproducts,andtofocusontherealinnovative.Heorshewoulddesigntheformoftheproductswithmoreresponsiblemethodandmaketheproductslengthentheirwervicelifeasmuchaspossiblethroughsuccinctandpermanentmodeling.

Formaterials,stockandregenerationofrawmaterials,consumptionandpollutionofenvironmentalenergyduringobtainingmaterials,machiningperformanceinfollow-upmanufacturing,lowconsumptionandlowpollutionofenergy,andreclaimableduringdiscardedshouldbeconsidered.

Problemsofmanufacturingarethatpollutionshouldbereducedordiedoutduringbeginningofmanufacturing.

Considerationonpacking,transporting,sale,ect.ismeanttheenvironmentalperformanceofpackaging,greenpacking,goodperformanceoftransportation,decreasingselfweight,reducingenergyconsumption,localizedproductionandreducingconsimptionofworkflow.

Considerationontheuseofproductconcernswithwasteofenergyandresourceswhileproducesareused,themodularizationofenvironmentalperformance,recombinedability,andthemadesofusingproductwhileproductsarerenewed,aswellasotherfactors.

Easydisassembledfeature,convenientdecompositionandclassification,reclaaimableandreusablefeaturesofmaterials,andrecombinedfeatureofpartsorremovesforotheruseshouldallbeconsideredduringtheperiodwhileproductsarerenewed,aswellasotherfactors.

Easydisassembledfeature,convenientdecompositionandclassification,reclaimableandreusablefeaturesofmaterials,andrecombinedfeatureofpartsorremovedforotheruseshouldallbeconsideredduringtheperiodwhileproductsarediscarded.

CleanenergysoucesshouldbeConsidered,suchassolarernergy,water,electricityandwindpower.Cleanmaterialsconcernwithlowpollution,innocuity,disaggregationandreclaimable.Cleanmanufacturingprocessismeantproductionwithenergysavingandenvironmentprotectionwhileused,andreclaimablewhiledis