中考英语 第一部分 语法专项12 句子的种类复合句复习.docx
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中考英语第一部分语法专项12句子的种类复合句复习
十二、句子的种类(复合句)
【考纲分析】
1.中考考纲:
(1)宾语从句;
(2)状语从句;(3)定语从句(能辨认出由that,which,who引导的限定性定语从句,并能理解句子意思。
)
2.近5年中考复合句考点及分值分布
年份
题型
分值
考查内容
2012年
单项选择
3
宾语从句;状语从句;定语从句
2013年
单项选择
3
宾语从句;状语从句;定语从句
2014年
单项选择
3
宾语从句;状语从句;定语从句
2015年
单项选择
3
宾语从句;状语从句;定语从句
2016年
单项选择
3
宾语从句;状语从句;定语从句
【自主学习】
一、用who,that,which填空
1.Doyouknowthegirl canbegoodatsinginganddancing?
2.Doyouknowthegirl theteacheristalkingtonow?
3.Iliketheredpen myfatherboughtformeyesterday.
4.Theteacheralwaysteacheshisstudentseverything heknows.
5..Heisthekindofperson helpsothers.
6..Ilikethemovies makemehappy.
二、用assoonas,when,if,until,unless,aslongas,before,after,evenif填空
1.I'mnotsure themeetingwillbegin. itbegins,Iwillcallyou.
2.Pleasewashyourhands youhavemeals.
3.Hedoesn'tgotobed hefinisheshishomeworkeverynight.
4.Herfatherwillcomeback hefinisheshiswork.
5.Shewillgivemeacall shegetstoBeijing.Don'tworry.
6.Idon'tknow itwillrainsoon. itrains,we'llputoffthematch.
7.Nothingwillbeimpossible youputyourheartintoit.
8.I'llhelpyou youdon'taskme.
9.Iwon'thelpyou youaskme.
参考答案
一、1.who/that 2.who//that 3.that/which 4.that 5.who//that 6.that/which
二、1.when,When 2.before 3.until 4.after5.assoonas
6.if,If 7.aslongas 8.evenif9.unless
【教师点拨】
复合句包括并列复合句和主从复合句。
其中主从复合句包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。
考点1宾语从句
在主从复合句中,在动词、介词、形容词后面充当宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。
(1)构成:
主句+引导词+陈述句语序(主谓语序)
引导词:
①that(无意义,可省略)
②what,when,where,which,who,why,how等特殊疑问词。
③连词whether,if(是否)。
(2)宾语从句的语序必须用陈述句语序。
(3)主句与宾语从句的时态规则:
①主句是一般现在时,从句可用所需要的任何时态。
②主句是过去时,从句必须用过去时的某一种。
③从句如果表示客观真理、客观事实时,不管什么时候都用一般现在时。
如:
Weallwanttoknowifshewilltakepartinthegames.
Ididn'tknowwhenhewouldcomebackthenextday.
Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.
(4)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同时,从句可以简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
如:
Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=Idon'tknowwhattodonext.
CanyoutellmehowIcangettothezoo?
=Canyoutellmehowtogettothezoo?
(5)宾语从句的否定转移:
如果主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等,而从句的意思
是否定的,这时主句的谓语动词用否定式,从句用肯定式。
如:
Idon'tthinkyouareright.我认为你不对。
Idon'tbelieveshecanfinishtheworkontime,canshe?
我认为她不能按时完成工作,能吗?
【课堂检测】
()1.—Canyoutellme____toLondon?
—Sure.Nextmonth.
A.whenyouwilltravelB.whenwillyoutravel
C.whenyoutravelledD.whendidyoutravel
()2.—I’dliketoknow_____.—Maybeintheforest.
A.whetherwewillgocampingB.wherewewillgocamping
C.whetherwillwegocampingD.wherewillwegocamping
()3.Ginaalwaysasks______,becauseherthingsareeverywhere.
A.whereareherkeysB.herkeysarewhere
C.whereherkeysareD.wherewereherkeys
()4.—Ms.Petty,canyoutellme____________?
—Africa.
A.whatthebabygiraffelikeseatingB.whythebabygiraffelooksunhappy
C.whenthebabygiraffewasbornD.wherethebabygiraffecamefrom
()5.—Doyouknow______?
—Foramonth.
A. howlongwillshebeaway B.howlongshewillbeaway
C. howoftenwillshegothere D.howoftenshewillgothere
考点2状语从句
在复合句中,作状语成分的从句叫状语从句。
常见的状语从句可分为:
时间、原因、条件、方式、让步、比较、结果、目的等从句。
(见连词用法)
(1)主语从句中,主从句的时态要一致。
(2)主将从现类
在assoonas,when(当……时候),before,after,if(如果),unless(除非),until,
evenif等引导的主从复合句中,当主句是一般将来时态的时候(也可以是情态动词
或祈使句),从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
如:
Iwilltellyou(主句)whenTomcomesback.(从句)
Ifyoudon'tgetupearly(从句),youwon'tcatchtheearlybus.(主句)
=Unlessyougetupearly(从句),youwon'tcatchtheearlybus.(主句)
注意:
when意思为“当…时候”时,引导的是状语从句,考虑主将从现;when意思为“什么时候”时,引导的是宾语从句。
if意思为“如果”时,引导的是状语从句,考虑主将从现;if意思为“是否”时,引导的是宾语从句。
如:
—Doyouknowifhewillgoforatripwithus?
你知道他是否跟我们去旅游吗?
—Hewillgowithusifhefinisheshiswork.如果他完成了工作,他会跟我们去。
—DoyouknowwhenhewillcometoGuangzhou?
你知道他什么时候来广州?
—Iwilltellyouwhenhecomes.他来时,我会告诉你。
【课堂检测】
()1.Whynotlookupthenewwordinadictionaryyoudon’tknowit?
A.ifB.thatC.thoughD.whether
()2.MyparentsarealwaysworriedaboutwhatwillhappenifI.
A.succeededB.won’tsucceedC.willfailD.fail
()3.WewillgotoTian’anmenSquaretowatchtheraisingofnationalflagifit________tomorrow.
A.willrainB.rainsC.doesn’trainD.won’train
( )4..—IwanttoknowifMaria usinthefashionshowtonight.
—Ibelieveifshe herhomework,shewilljoinus.
A.joins;finishesB.willjoin;finishesC.joins;willfinishD.willjoin;willfinish( )5.—Dad,pleasetellmewhenMum ,Imissherverymuch.
—Shewillreturnwhenshe hertask.Andshewillbringanicepresentforyou.
A.returns;finishesB.returns;willfinish
C.willreturn;finishesD.willreturn;willfinish
考点3定语从句
在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的句子,叫做定语从句。
(1)构成:
先行词+引导词+定语从句
①先行词是人时:
作宾语或主语时,引导词为who,whom,that;作定语时用whose。
②先行词是物时,引导词为which,that。
(2)特殊情况:
①当先行词被最高级和序数词修饰时,引导词只能用that。
②当先行词有some,any,all,little,much,few,none,something,everything,
nothing,anything等词修饰时,引导词只能用that。
③当先行词前有theone,theonly,thelast,thevery等词修饰时,引导词只能用that。
④当先行词同时指人和物时,引导词只能用that。
⑤当those作先行词指人时,引导词只能用who。
【课堂检测】
()1.Theredskirt________mymotherboughtformeismadeofcotton.
A.thatB.whenC.whoD.whose
()2.—Whatdoyouthinkoflemon?
—Terrible.Ilikefruit________tastessweet.
A.whoB.whatC.whichD.when
()3.Thephoto_____takenbymybrotherlastweekisverynice.
A.whichwereB.thatisC.thatwereD.whichwas
()4.Sandylikestheactors______arepopularamongteenagers.
A.whoB.whichC.whomD.D.whose
()5.Thewomanisthemostimportantinmylifeismymother.
A.whichB.whoC.whomD.what
【中考回放】
()1.—Iwonder______.—ItwillfallonaSaturday.(2016广东省卷)
A.howwillNationalDayfallonthisyear
B.HowNationalDaywillfallonthisyear
C.WhatdaywillNationalDayfallonthisyear
D.WhatdayNationalDaywillfallonthisyear
()2.Unlesstheweather______,we'llhavetocancelthepicnic.(2016广东省卷)
A.improve
B.improves
C.improved
D.willimprove
()3.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcityinthepasttenyears.Everything______comesintosightissonewtome.(2016广东省卷)
A.that
B.which
C.who
D.whom
()4.—Davidasked______inChina.(2015广东省卷)
—Ofcoursenot.Chineseusuallyshakehandswithaladyasagreeting.
A.whyhecangreetaladybykissingher
B.Whyhecouldgreetaladybykissingher
C.Whetherhecangreetaladybykissingher
D.Whetherhecouldgreetaladybykissingher
()5.RunningmanisaveryrelaxingTVprogram_______ishotamongtheyoungpeople.(2015广东省卷)
A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom
()6.—Sir,Jennywantstoknowwhenshecanleavetheoffice.
—Onlywhenshe______copyingthisreport.(2015广东省卷)
A.finishesB.finishC.finishedD.willfinish
()7.—IwonderwhetherBrazilwillwinthematchlatertonight.
—Gotobedfirst.Iwillwakeyouupassoonasthematch .(2014广东省卷)
A.startsB.startedC.willstartD.isstarting
()8.WhenRobinsonCrusoegottotheisland,thefirstthing hedidwastolookforsomefood.(2014广东省卷)
A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom
()9.IfNancy theexam,shewillgotoAustraliaforEnglishstudy.(2013广东省卷)
A.passB.passedC.passesD.willpass
()10.Theyounglady isinterviewingLinZhixuanabouttheprogramme“Iamasinger”isfrom21stCenturyTalentnet.(2013广东省卷)
A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose
【真题演练】
()1.—Canyoutellme___?
—HelivesinShanghai.(2016北京)
A.whereMarklivesB.wheredoesMarklive
C.whereMarklivedD.wheredidMarklive
()2.—Couldyoupleasetellme________,Sonia?
(2016东营)
—It'sonthefirstTuesdayofMay.Weholdspecialpartiesandgiveteachersthank-younotesthatday.
A.ifyouhadTeachers'DayinAmericaB.whenTeachers'DayisinAmerica
C.whatyoudidonTeachers'DayD.howdoyoushowyourthankstoyourteachers
()3.—Couldyoutellme___________?
—SizeM.(2016铜仁)
A.whattimeitisB.whatcoloritisC.whatshapeitisD.whatsizeitis
()4.—WhatdidTomsaytoyoujustnow,John?
—Heasked_____________.(2016河南)
A.whyIamsohappytodayB.whatwillIdofortheweekend
C.WhodidIplayfootballwithafterschool
D.ifIcouldgotothemoviewithhimtonight
()5.—Mum,couldyoutellme______?
—Intwoweeks.(2016龙东)
A.howsoonwilldadcomebackB.howsoondadwillcomeback
C.howlongdadwillcomebackD.howlongwilldadcomeback
()6.—Dad,canyoutellme______?
Imissherverymuch.
—Nextmonth,dear.(2016淮安)
A.whenwillmymumcomeback B.whenmymumwillcomeback
C.howmymumgoestowork D.wherewillmymumgo
()7.—Couldyoutellme________everymorning?
—Sure.Ihavetocatchtheschoolbus.(2016长春)
A.whyyougetupearlyB.whydoyougetupearly
C.whydidyougetupearlyD.whyyougotupearly
()8.—WhatdidMaxjustsaytoyou?
—Heaskedme_____.(2016连云港)
A.ifIwouldliketogoskatingB.whendidIbuythisCD
C.whereIwillspendtheweekendD.thatIhadagoodtime
()9.—Couldyoutellme______?
—Atnineo’clock,intenminutes.(2016绵阳)
A.howwillheleaveB.whenhehasleftC.whyheisleavingD.whenhewillleave
()10.—Areyougoingcampingthisafternoon?
(2016南京)
—Atyphooniscoming.I’mnotsuretheroadtothemountainswillbeclosed.
A.which
B.what
C.whether
D.why
()11.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______aboutthelocalhistoryandculture?
—Ofcourse.Youcancheckitonthiscomputer.(2016青岛)
A.howcanIgettheinformationB.whatinformationd