考研英语试题及答案00002.docx

考研英语试题及答案00002.docx

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考研英语试题及答案00002

1995年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试卷

SectionIIClozeTest

Directions:

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.（10points）

Sleepisdividedintoperiodsofso-calledREMsleep,characterizedbyrapideyemovementsanddreaming,andlongerperiodsofnon-REMsleep.

kindofsleepisatallwell-understood,butREMsleepis

toservesomerestorativefunctionofthebrain.Thepurposeofnon-REMsleepisevenmore

.Thenewexperiments,suchasthose

forthefirsttimeatarecentmeetingoftheSocietyforSleepResearchinMinneapolis,suggestfascinatingexplanations

ofnon-REMsleep.

Forexample,ithaslongbeenknownthattotalsleep

is100percentfataltorats,yet,

examinationofthedeadbodies,theanimalslookcompletelynormal.Aresearcherhasnow

themysteryofwhytheanimalsdie.Therats

bacterialinfectionsoftheblood,

theirimmunesystems--theself-protectingmechanismagainstdisease--hadcrashed.

41.[A]Either

[B]Neither

[C]Each（B）

[D]Any

42.[A]intended

[B]required

[C]assumed（C）

[D]inferred

43.[A]subtle

[B]obvious

[C]mysterious（C）

[D]doubtful

44.[A]maintained

[B]described

[C]settled（B）

[D]afforded

45.[A]inthelight

[B]byvirtue

[C]withtheexception（D）

[D]forthepurpose

46.[A]reduction

[B]destruction

[C]deprivation（C）

[D]restriction

47.[A]upon

[B]by

[C]through（A）

[D]with

48.[A]paidattentionto

[B]caughtsightof

[C]laidemphasison（D）

[D]castlighton

49.[A]develop

[B]produce

[C]stimulate（A）

[D]induce

50.[A]if

[B]asif

[C]onlyif（B）

[D]ifonly

SectionIIIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.（40points）

Text1

MoneyspentonadvertisingismoneyspentaswellasanyIknowof.Itservesdirectlytoassistarapiddistributionofgoodsatreasonableprices,therebyestablishingafirmhomemarketandsomakingitpossibletoprovideforexportatcompetitiveprices.Bydrawingattentiontonewideasithelpsenormouslytoraisestandardsofliving.Byhelpingtoincreasedemanditensuresanincreasedneedforlabour,andisthereforeaneffectivewaytofightunemployment.Itlowersthecostsofmanyservices:

withoutadvertisementsyourdailynewspaperwouldcostfourtimesasmuch,thepriceofyourtelevisionlicensewouldneedtobedoubledandtravelbybusortubewouldcost20percentmore.

Andperhapsmostimportantofall,advertisingprovidesaguaranteeofreasonablevalueintheproductsandservicesyoubuy.Apartfromthefactthattwenty-sevenActsofParliamentgovernthetermsofadvertising,noregularadvertiserdarepromoteaproductthatfailstoliveuptothepromiseofhisadvertisements.Hemightfoolsomepeopleforalittlewhilethroughmisleadingadvertising.Hewillnotdosoforlong,formercifullythepublichasthegoodsensenottobuytheinferiorarticlemorethanonce.Ifyouseeanarticleconsistentlyadvertised,itisthesurestproofIknowthatthearticledoeswhatisclaimedforit,andthatitrepresentsgoodvalue.

AdvertisingdoesmoreforthematerialbenefitofthecommunitythananyotherforceIcanthinkof.

ThereisonepointIfeelIoughttotouchon.RecentlyIheardawell-knowntelevisionpersonalitydeclarethathewasagainstadvertisingbecauseitpersuadesratherthaninforms.Hewasdrawingexcessivelyfinedistinctions.Ofcourseadvertisingseekstopersuade.

Ifitsmessagewereconfinedmerelytoinformation--andthatinitselfwouldbedifficultifnotimpossibletoachieve,forevenadetailsuchasthechoiceofthecolourofashirtissubtlypersuasive--advertisingwouldbesoboringthatnoonewouldpayanyattention.Butperhapsthatiswhatthewell-knowntelevisionpersonalitywants.

51.Bythefirstsentenceofthepassagetheauthormeansthat________.

[A]heisfairlyfamiliarwiththecostofadvertising

[B]everybodyknowswellthatadvertisingismoneyconsuming

[C]advertisingcostsmoneylikeeverythingelse（D）

[D]itisworthwhiletospendmoneyonadvertising

52.Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTincludedintheadvantagesofadvertising?

[A]Securinggreaterfame.

[B]Providingmorejobs.

[C]Enhancinglivingstandards.（A）

[D]Reducingnewspapercost.

53.Theauthordeemsthatthewell-knownTVpersonalityis________.

[A]verypreciseinpassinghisjudgmentonadvertising

[B]interestedinnothingbutthebuyers’attention

[C]correctintellingthedifferencebetweenpersuasionandinformation（D）

[D]obviouslypartialinhisviewsonadvertising

54.Intheauthor’sopinion,________.

[A]advertisingcanseldombringmaterialbenefittomanbyprovidinginformation

[B]advertisinginformspeopleofnewideasratherthanwinsthemover

[C]thereisnothingwrongwithadvertisinginpersuadingthebuyer（C）

[D]thebuyerisnotinterestedingettinginformationfromanadvertisement

Text2

Therearetwobasicwaystoseegrowth:

oneasaproduct,theotherasaprocess.Peoplehavegenerallyviewedpersonalgrowthasanexternalresultorproductthatcaneasilybeidentifiedandmeasured.Theworkerwhogetsapromotion,thestudentwhosegradesimprove,theforeignerwholearnsanewlanguage--alltheseareexamplesofpeoplewhohavemeasurableresultstoshowfortheirefforts.

Bycontrast,theprocessofpersonalgrowthismuchmoredifficulttodetermine,sincebydefinitionitisajourneyandnotthespecificsignpostsorlandmarksalongtheway.Theprocessisnottheroaditself,butrathertheattitudesandfeelingspeoplehave,theircautionorcourage,astheyencounternewexperiencesandunexpectedobstacles.Inthisprocess,thejourneyneverreallyends。

therearealwaysnewwaystoexperiencetheworld,newideastotry,newchallengestoaccept.

Inordertogrow,totravelnewroads,peopleneedtohaveawillingnesstotakerisks,toconfronttheunknown,andtoacceptthepossibilitythattheymay“fail”atfirst.Howweseeourselvesaswetryanewwayofbeingisessentialtoourabilitytogrow.Doweperceiveourselvesasquickandcurious?

Ifso,thenwetendtotakemorechancesandtobemoreopentounfamiliarexperiences.Dowethinkwe’reshyandindecisive?

Thenoursenseoftimiditycancauseustohesitate,tomoveslowly,andnottotakeastepuntilweknowthegroundissafe.Dowethinkwe’reslowtoadapttochangeorthatwe’renotsmartenoughtocopewithanewchallenge?

Thenwearelikelytotakeamorepassiveroleornottryatall.

Thesefeelingsofinsecurityandself-doubtarebothunavoidableandnecessaryifwearetochangeandgrow.Ifwedonotconfrontandovercometheseinternalfearsanddoubts,ifweprotectourselvestoomuch,thenweceasetogrow.Webecometrappedinsideashellofourownmaking.

55.Apersonisgenerallybelievedtoachievepersonalgrowthwhen________.

[A]hehasgivenuphissmokinghabit

[B]hehasmadegreateffortsinhiswork

[C]heiskeenonleaninganythingnew（A）

[D]hehastriedtodeterminewhereheisonhisjourney

56.Intheauthor’seyes,onewhoviewspersonalgrowthasaprocesswould________.

[A]succeedinclimbingupthesocialladder

[B]judgehisabilitytogrowfromhisownachievements

[C]facedifficultiesandtakeupchallenges（C）

[D]aimhighandreachhisgoaleachtime

57.Whentheauthorsays“anewwayofbeing”（Line2~3,Para.3）heisreferringto________.

[A]anewapproachtoexperiencingtheworld

[B]anewwayoftakingrisks

[C]anewmethodofperceivingourselves（A）

[D]anewsystemofadaptationtochange

58.Forpersonalgrowth,theauthoradvocatesallofthefollowingEXCEPT________.

[A]curiosityaboutmorechances

[B]promptnessinself-adaptation

[C]open-mindednesstonewexperiences（D）

[D]avoidanceofinternalfearsanddoubts

Text3

Insuchachanging,complexsocietyformerlysimplesolutionstoinformationalneedsbecomecomplicated.Manyoflife’sproblemswhichweresolvedbyaskingfamilymembers,friendsorcolleaguesarebeyondthecapabilityoftheextendedfamilytoresolve.Wheretoturnforexpertinformationandhowtodeterminewhichexpertadvicetoacceptarequestionsfacingmanypeopletoday.

Inadditiontothis,thereisthegrowingmobilityofpeoplesinceWorldWarII.Asfamiliesmoveawayfromtheirstablecommunity,theirfriendsofmanyyears,theirextendedfamilyrelationships,theinformalflowofinformationiscutoff,andwithittheconfidencethatinformationwillbeavailablewhenneededandwillbetrustworthyandreliable.Thealmostunconsciousflowofinformationaboutthesimplestaspectsoflivingcanbecutoff.Thus,thingsoncelearnedsubconsciouslythroughthecasualcommunicationsoftheextendedfamilymustbeconsciouslylearned.

Addingtosocietalchangestodayisanenormousstockpileofinformation.Theindividualnowhasmoreinformationavailablethananygeneration,andthetaskoffindingthatonepieceofinformationrelevanttohisorherspecificproblemiscomplicated,time-consumingandsometimesevenoverwhelming.

Coupledwiththegrowingquantityofinformationisthedevelopmentoftechnologieswhichenablethestorageanddeliveryofmoreinformationwithgreaterspeedtomorelocationsthanhaseverbeenpossiblebefore.Computertechnologymakesitpossibletostorevastamountsofdatainmachine-readablefiles,andtoprogra