英语六级真题及答案全三套无听力.docx

英语六级真题及答案全三套无听力.docx

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英语六级真题及答案全三套无听力

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）

PartIWriting（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonEinstein'sremark"Ihavenospecialtalents,Iamonlypassionatelycurious."Youshouldgiveanexampleortwotoillustrateyourpointofmew.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

例文

PracticeistheKeytoKnowledge

Nowadaysalmosteverypersonhasaclearnotionabouttheimportanceofknowledge,withwhichwecanmakegreatdifferencetoourworld.However,thecontributionofpracticeshouldalsobeawarded.

Practiceisconsideredsignificantbecauseitcanturnabstractideasintotangibleresults.Onlythroughpracticecanwetrulydevelopourownunderstandingabouttheessenceofthenewknowledge,orelsethetreasureofknowledgewouldstillbewordsprintedonpapers.Moreover,thevilificationofnewtheoriesrequiresustofocusmoreonthepracticalside,whichhelpspeopletolearnbettercomparedwiththemechanicalwayofreadingandmemorizing.Inaddition,practicemakespeopleacquireinformationinanactiveway,thusmoreinnovativethoughtsarelikelytobegeneratedintheprocessandthenappliedtomakeourfuturelifemoreexciting.

AsfarasIamconcerned,practiceisessentialforpeopletounderstand,toreviewandtooptimizetheinformationwereceive.Itispracticethatproducesenjoyablelifeandmakesknowledgetrulyvaluable.

PartIIListeningComprehension（30minutes）

PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Travelwebsiteshavebeenaroundsincethe1990s,whenExpedia,Travelocity,andotherholidaybookingsiteswerelaunched,allowingtravelerstocompareflightandhotelpriceswiththeclickofamouse.Withinformationnolonger36__C__bytravelagentsorhiddeninbusinessnetworks,thetravelindustrywasrevolutionized,asgreatertransparencyhelped37_L___prices.

Today,theindustryisgoingthroughanewrevolution—thistimetransformingservicequality.Onlineratingplatforms—38_M___inhotels,restaurants,apartments,andtaxis—allowtravelerstoexchangereviewsandexperiencesforalltosee.

Hospitalitybusinessesarenowranked,analyzed,andcomparednotbyindustry39_K___,butbytheverypeopleforwhomtheserviceisintended—thecustomer.Thishas40_E___anewrelationshipbetweenbuyerandseller.Customershavealwaysvotedwiththeirfeet;theycannowexplaintheirdecisiontoanyonewhoisinterested.Asaresult,businessesaremuchmore41__A__,ofteninveryspecificways,whichcreatespowerful42_F___toimproveservice.

Althoughsomereadersmightnotcareforgossipyreportsofunfriendlybellboys（行李员）inBerlinormalf-unctioninghotelhairdryersinHouston,thetruepowerofonlinereviewsliesnotjustintheindividualstories,butinthewebsites'43_B___toaggregatealargevolumeofratings.

Theimpactcannotbe44_H___.Businessesthatattracttopratingscanenjoyrapidgrowth,asnewcustomersareattractedbygoodreviewsand45_O___provideyetmorepositivefeedback.Sogreatistheinfluenceofonlineratingsthatmanycompaniesnowhiredigitalreputationmanagerstoensureafavorableonlineidentity.

注意：

此部分此题请在答题卡2上作答。

A）accountable

B）capacity

C）controlled

D）entail

E）forged

F）incentives

G）occasionally

H）overstated

I）persisting

J）pessimistic

K）professionals

L）slash

M）specializing

N）spectators

O）subsequently

SectionB

Directions:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

PlasticSurgery

Abettercreditcardisthesolutiontoeverlargerhackattacks

[A]Athinmagneticstripe（magstripe）isallthatstandsbetweenyourcredit-cardinformationandthebadguys.Andthey'vebeenworkinghardtobreakin.That'swhy2014isshapingupasamajorshowdown:

banks,lawenforcementandtechnologycompaniesarealltryingtostopanetworkofhackerswhoaresucceedinginstealingaccountnumbers,names,emailaddressesandothercrucialdatausedinidentitytheft.Morethan100millionaccountsatTarget,NeimanMarcusandMichaelsstoreswereaffectedinsomewayduringthemostrecentattacks,startinglastNovember.

[B]Swipe（刷卡）istheoperativeword:

cardsareincreasinglyvulnerabletoattackswhenyoumakepurchasesinastore.Inseveralrecentincidents,hackershavebeenabletoobtainmassiveinformationofcredit-,debit-（借记）orprepaid-cardnumbersusingmalware,i.e.malicioussoftware,insertedsecretlyintotheretailers'point-of-salesystem—thecheckoutregisters.Hackersthensoldthedatatoasecondgroupofcriminalsoperatinginshadowycomersoftheweb.Notlongafter,thestolendatawasshowinguponfakecardsandbeingusedforonlinepurchases.

[C]Thesolutioncouldcostaslittleas$2extraforeverypieceofplasticissued.ThefixisasecuritytechnologyusedheavilyoutsidetheU.S.WhileAmericancreditcardsusethe40-year-oldmagstripetechnologytoprocesstransactions,muchoftherestoftheworldusessmartercardswithatechnologycalledEMV（shortforEuropay,MasterCard,Visa）thatemploysachipembeddedinthecardplusacustomerPIN（personalidentificationnumber）toauthenticate（验证）everytransactiononthespot.IfapurchaserfailstopunchinthecorrectPINatthecheckout,thetransactiongetsrejected.（Onlinepurchasescanbemadebysettingupaseparatetransactioncode.）

[D]Whyhaven'tbigbanksadoptedthemoresecuretechnology?

Whenitcomestomailingoutnewcreditcards,it'sallaboutrelativecosts,saysDavidRobertson,whorunstheNihonReport,anindustrynewsletter:

"Thecostofthecard,puttingthestickeronit,codingtheaccountnumberandexpirationdate,embossing（凸印）it,thesmallenvelop—allputtogether,youareinthedollarrange."Achip-and-PINcardcurrentlycostscloserto$3,saysRobertson,becauseofthepriceofchips.（Oncelargeissuersconverttogether,thechipcostsshoulddrop.）

[E]Multiply$3bythemorethan5billionmagstripecreditandprepaidcardsincirculationintheU.S.Thenconsiderthatthere'sanestimated$12.4billionincardfraudonaglobalbasis'saysRobertson.With44%ofthatintheU.S.,Americancredit-cardfraudamountstoabout$5.5billionannually.CardissuershavesofarcalculatedthatabsorbingtheliabilityforevenbighacksliketheTargetoneisstillcheaperthanreplacingallthatplastic.

[F]ThatleavesAmericanretailersprettymuchalonetheworldoverinrelyingonmagstripetechnologytochargepurchases—andleavesconsumersvulnerable.Eachmagstripehasthreetracksofinformation,explainspaymentssecurityexpertJeremyGumbley,thechieftechnologyofficerofCreditCall,anelectronic-paymentscompany.Thefirstandthirdareusedbythebankorcardissuer.Yourvitalaccountinformationlivesonthesecondtrack,whichhackerstrytocapture."Malwareisscanningthroughthememoryinrealtimeandlookingfordata,"hesays."Itcreatesatextfilethatgetsstolen."

[G]Chip-and-PINcards,bycontrast,makefakecardsorskimmingimpossiblebecausetheinformationthatgetsscannedisencrypted（加密）.ThehistoricalreasontheU.S.hasstuckwithmagstripe,ironicallyenough,isoncesuperiortechnology.Ourcheap,ultra-reliablewirednetworksmadecredit-cardauthenticationoverthephonefrictionless.InFrance,cardcompaniescreatedEMVinpartbecausethetelephonemonopolywassomaddeninglyinefficientandexpensive.TheEMVsolutionallowedtransactionstobeverifiedlocallyandsecurely.

[H]Somebigbanks,likeWellsFargo,arenowofferingtoconvertyourmagstripecardtoachip-and-PINmodel.（It'sactuallyahybrid（混合体）thatwillstillhaveamagstripe,sincemostU.S.merchantsdon'thaveEMVterminals.）Shouldyoutakethemuponit?

Ifyoutravelinternationally,theanswerisyes.

[I]Keepinmind,too,thatcreditcardstypicallyhavebetterliabilityprotectionthandebitcards.Ifsomeoneusesyourcreditcardfraudulently（欺诈性地）it'stheissuerormerchant,notyou,thattakesthehit.Debitcardshavedifferentliabilitylimitsdependingonthebankandtheeventssurroundinganyfraud."Ifit'savailable,thelogicalthingistogetachip-and-PINcardfromyourbank,"saysEricAdamowsky,aco-founderofCreditCardI."Iwouldusecreditcardsoverdebitcardsbecauseofliabilityissues."Cashstillworksprettywelltoo.

[J]Retailersandbanksstandtobenefitfromthelowerfraudlevelsofchip-and-PINcardsbuthavebeenreluctantforyearstoinvestinthenewinfrastructure（基础设施）neededforthetechnology,especiallyifconsumersdon'thaveaccesstoit.It'sachicken-and-eggproblem;noonewantstospendthemoneyonupgradedpoint-of-salesystemsthatcanreadthechipcardsifshoppersaren'tcarryingthem一yetthere'slittlepointinconsumers'carryingthefancyplasticifstoresaren'tequippedtousethem.（AnearliereffortbyTargettomovetochipandPINnevergainedprogress.）AccordingtoGumbley,there'sa"you-firstmental