非谓语动词功能详解.docx
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非谓语动词功能详解
非谓语动词功能详解
状语
1.Hesentmeane-mail,___togetfurtherinformation.（2000上海）
A.hoped
B.hoping
C.tohope
D.hope
2.-Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?
-Yes.But_____it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.（2008北京）
A.tofind
B.find
C.tofinding
D.finding
_____________,主语＋谓语.
主语＋谓语（,）_____________.
主语，_____________，谓语.
3.Themanager,_______itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.（2005江西）
A．whohasmade
B．havingmade
C．made
D．making
4.______thatshewasgoingofftosleep,Iaskedifshe’dlikethatlittledollonherbed.（2008北京）
A.Seeing
B.Tosee
C.See
D.Seen
See
[+（that）]tomakecertainthatsomethinghappens
5.Thestormleft,________alotofdamagetothisarea.（2005全国）
A．caused
B．tohavecaused
C．tocause
D．havingcaused
6.____twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechangedourdog.（2009北京）
A.Beingbitten
B.Bitten
C.Havingbitten
D.Tobebitten
独立主格
1.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise________.（2005北京）
A.goingon
B.goeson
C.wenton
D.togoon
With
becauseoforcausedbysomeoneorsomething
Ican'tworkwithallthatnoisegoingon.
2.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands ______ behindhisback.（1991）
A.beingtied
B.havingtied
C.tobetied
D.tied
定语
1.I'mgoingtothesupermarketthisafternoon.
Doyouhaveanything________?
（2004上海春）
A.tobebuying
B.tobuy
C.forbuying
D.bought
2.Hisfirstbooknextmonthisbasedonatruestory.（2010陕西）
A.published
B.tobepublished
C.topublish
D.beingpublished
3.Willthose_______thechildrenfromabroadcometotheheadmaster’soffice?
（2000上海春）
A.teaching
B.teach
C.whoteaches
D.whoteaching
4.Throughouthistory,thelanguage_____byapowerfulgroupspreadsacrossacivilization.（2008上海春）
A.speaking
B.spoken
C.tospeak
D.tobespoken
5.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks__couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.（2007全国Ⅱ）
A.openedandclosed
B.tobeopenedandclosed
C.beingopenedandclosed
D.toopenandclose
总结
Thebell_____theendoftheperiodrang,______ourheateddiscussion.（2001上海）
A.indicating….interrupting
B.indicated….interrupting
C.indicating….interrupted
D.indicated….interrupted
补足语
✧表语
✧主语补足语
✧宾语补足语
补足语－表语
1.Whatworriedthechildmostwas_______tovisithismotherinthehospital.（98上海）
A.hisnotallowing
B.hisnotbeingallowed
C.hisbeingnotallowed
D.havingnotbeenallowed
2.Thepurposeofnewtechnologyistomakelifeeasier,________itmoredifficult.（2005上海春）
A.notmaking
B.notmake
C.nottomake
D.nortomake
补足语－主语补足语
1.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,_________.（2004上海春）
A.exhausting
B.exhausted
C.beingexhausted
D.havingexhausted
在书面语中，可在句子里加上含有一个或更多形容词的短语。
这是在一个句子里表示两个陈述的另一种方法。
2.Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,______.（2008北京）
A.hungryandtiredly
B.hungryandtired
C.hungrilyandtiredly
D.hungrilyandtired
补足语－宾语补足语
1.InthedreamPetersawhimself___byafiercewolf,andhewokesuddenlywithastart.（2006上海春）
A.chased
B.tobechased
C.bechased
D.havingbeenchased
havesthdone
getsthdone
主语令他人处理某事，或某物受到某种影响
2.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.
You’vehadit_________oftenenough.（2005天津）
A.explaining
B.toexplain
C.explain
D.explained
主语+谓语动词＋非谓语动词
Ican'tstand______withJaneinthesameoffice.
Shejustrefuses_______talkingwhilesheworks.（2006北京）
A.working;stopping
B.towork;stopping
C.working;tostop
D.towork;tostop
谈及由同一个人施行的两个紧密联系的动作
Ican'tstandworkingwithJaneinthesameoffice.
Shejustrefusestostoptalkingwhilesheworks.
下列动词作谓语，非谓语动词表现为doing
admit
consider
enjoy
imagine
miss
risk
adore
delay
explain
keep
postpone
sit
appreciate
deny
fancy
lie
practise
stand
avoid
describe
finish
mention
report
stop
celebrate
dislike
go
mind
resist
suggest
ache
choose
forget
long
pretend
threaten
afford
dare
grow
manage
promise
volunteer
agree
decide
happen
mean
prove
vote
aim
demand
help
need
refuse
wait
appear
deserve
hesitate
neglect
seek
want
arrange
desire
hope
offer
seem
wish
ask
expect
intend
pay
survive
attempt
fail
learn
plan
swear
care
fight
live
prepare
tend
上表中动词
特殊用法
dare、forget、intend、learn、manage、mean、neglect、pretend、threaten
由于意义限制，通常不与tobedone连用
appear、happen、pretend、prove、seem、tend
常与tohavedone连用
help
也可后接不带”to”的不定式
afford
之前总是加情态动词
care
通常与否定式连用
可与两种形式连用的动词
下列动词后接”doing”或”todo”，意义变化不大：
attempt
bother
continue
fear
like
prefer
begin
cease
deserve
hate
love
start
forget﹑remember
todo要去做某事
doing曾做过某事
Whenaskedbythepolice,hesaidthatheremembered________attheparty,butnot________.（2005北京）
A.toarrive,leaving
B.toarrive,toleave
C.arriving,leaving
D.arriving,toleave
regret
regretdoing已经做过那件事
regrettodo表示现在必须做那件事
“regret”仅与一小部分动词的不定式连用，这些动词
示提供或获取信息。
它们是：
announce
inform
learn
say
see
tell
-Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.
-Well,nowIregret_______that.（1995）
A.todo
B.tobedoing
C.tohavedone
D.havingdone
try
todo努力、尽力做某事
doing试着做某事，看是否可以达到预期的效果
-Iusuallygotherebytrain.
-Whynot ________ byboatforachange?
（1992）
A.totrygoing
B.tryingtogo
C.totryandgo
D.trygoing
mean
todotointend打算去做某事
doingtohaveaparticularresult意味着
InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans_____foranotherhour.（2002上海春）
A.waiting
B.towait
C.tobewaiting
D.wait
need/want
后跟不定式表示要去作某事
needdoing=needtobedone
wantdoing=wanttobedone
Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea________.（2007陕西）
A.needrepairing
B.needstorepair
C.needsrepairing
D.needtorepair
主语＋谓语动词＋宾语＋非谓语动词
Myadvisorencouraged_______asummer
coursetoimprovemywritingskills.（2004北京）
A.formetaking
B.metaking
C.formetotake
D.metotake
Myadvisorencouragedmetotakeasummercourse.
谈及两个由不同的人施行的紧密联系的动作
下列动词作谓语非谓语动词表现为”todo”
advise
command
get
leave
persuade
train
allow
dare
help
like
prefer
trust
ask
enable
inspire
mean
press
urge
beg
encourage
instruct
move
programme
use
cause
expect
intend
order
remind
want
challenge
forbid
invite
pay
teach
warn
choose
force
lead
permit
tell
主语＋谓语动词＋宾语＋非谓语动词
有些动词在这种用法中要加不带”to”的不定式：
make﹑have﹑let
see﹑hear﹑watch﹑notice、observe、feel、
listento
-Excusemesir,whereisRoom301?
-Justaminute.I’llhaveBob____youtoyourroom.（2007北京）
A.show
B.shows
C.toshow
D.showing
Themotherfeltherself____coldandherhandstrembledasshereadtheletterfromthebattlefield.（2006上海）
A.grow
B.grown
C.togrow
D.tohavegrown
下列动词后接不定式时，总是或通常用于被动
assume
discover
know
report
see
believe
feel
learn
require
think
consider
find
prove
say
understand
它们表示言谈、想法或发现时，后面常接”tobe”或”tohavedone”
CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered______thefirstcomputer.（1993）
A.toinvent
B.inventing
C.tohaveinvented
D.havinginvented
下列动词作谓语非谓语动词表现为”doing”
catch
hear
like
prevent
spot
describe
imagine
notice
save
stop
feel
keep
observe
see
want
find
leave
picture
send
watch
Theyusecomputerstokeepthetraffic______smoothly.（2009全国Ⅱ）
A.beingrun
B.run
C.torun
D.running
非谓语动词既可以表现为不带”to”的不定式也可以表现为”doing”
不带”to”的不定式：
强调动作已经完成。
”doing”：
强调动作持续发生了一段时间。
这列动词适用这种用法：
feel
hear
notice
observe
see
watch
补足语后的不定式（评注与动作有关的人或物）
1.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood.（2008全国Ⅰ）
A.tobebreathed
B.tobreathe
C.breathing
D.beingbreathed
Themorningairissogoodtobreathe.
主语和不定时动词构成逻辑上的动宾关系
Itissogoodtobreathethemorningair.
2.Ifeelgreatlyhonored____intotheirsociety.（2008北京）
A.towelcome
B.welcoming
C.tobewelcomed
D.welcomed
Ifeelgreatlyhonoredtobewelcomedintotheir
society.
主语和不定时动词构成逻辑上的主谓关系
主语
1.It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.__________theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.
（2005北京）
A.Tohavehad
B.Havinghad
C.Have
D.Having
2.Eugene'sneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.
It’snouse____withhim.（2006上海）
A.toargue
B.arguing
C.argued
D.havingargued
不定式“to”和介词“to”
学习要点：
✧todo不定式
✧todoing介词
经典结构：
lookforwardto
beusedto=beaccustomedto
leadto
devoteto
Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto_______.（2003上海）
A.thethiefhavingcaught
B.catchthethief
C.thethiefbeingcaught
D.thethieftobecaught
非谓语动词的否定
1.Tonywasveryunhappyfor___totheparty.（2000上海）
A.havingnotbeeninvited
B.nothavinginvited
C.havingnotinvited
D.nothavingbeeninvited
2.Theteacheraskedus____somuchnoise.（2003北京）
A.don'tmake
B.notmake
C.notmaking
D.nottomake
分词状的形容词
1.Itisbelievedthatifabookis_______,itwillsurely_______thereader.（2003上海）
A.interested...interest
B.interesting..,beinterested
C.interested..,beinteresting
D.interesting..,interest
2.Tomsoundsverymuch____in
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