常用景观英语词汇.docx

常用景观英语词汇.docx

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常用景观英语词汇

常用景观英语词汇

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AAccessibility可达性Accessibleroute易达的路线advancenotice事先通知aerialphotogrammetry航空摄影测量aerobicdigesters需氧消化池aestheticconsiderations审美方面的考虑brickandconcreteblockwalls砖和混凝土砌块墙stonewalls石头墙woodandmetalfences木头和金属栅栏aestheticcontrols审美控制aggregatebase混合基础AIA美国建筑师协会Anaerobicdigesters厌氧分解池APA美国规划师协会arterialstreets主干道as-builtrecords施工记录ASLA美国景观建筑师协会athleticfacility运动设施averagewalkingdistance平均步行距离axioms原理Bbackfill回填backhoe挖沟机barcharts横道图barrierdesign障碍设计beams大梁bearingcapacity承载力benchmarks水准点billing帐簿biodiversity生物多样性bioengineering生物工程biomass生物量bioretentionponds生物滞留池boardwalks栈桥bondingcompany担保公司bonuses奖金boundarydefinition边界确定boundarysurvey边界测量brownfields褐色土地bulldozers推土机businessdevelopment商业开发businessparks商业园区

Ccadastralsurvey地籍测量camping野营candlepower烛光度cantileveredwall悬臂墙

cascadingwaterfalls瀑布叠水

certificatesofpayment付款证明书certificationsofcompliance应允证明书cesspools化粪池，污水坑，污水渗井，粪坑changeorders变更单changes,unauthorized未经同意的变更channels,stormwater雨水沟渠，槽，渠道circulationcontrol循环控制circulationpatterns环流模式claylenses粘土防渗层claysoil粘土clean-up清扫，清理，清除，提纯，净化clearingandgrubbing清理和除根client业主climatezones气候带closeout竣工clustertreatmentsystems集中式污水处理系统co-ordinates坐标cold寒带collectedrainwater收集起来的雨水collectorstreets次干道colloidalsoil胶质土壤commercialcenterdesign商业中心设计communication电信communitycommercial社区商业communityfacilitystandards社区设施标准communityparksandrecreationplanningdata社区公园和文娱体育规划资料communityscale社区尺度communitystandards社区标准compaction压实competitionpools竞赛用游泳池compostingtoilets堆肥厕所conceptualization概念化concretecribwall混凝土格笼墙conesofvision视锥connectedimperviousness连续的非渗透地面conservationstandards保护标准constructedwetlands人工湿地construction施工brickandconcreteblockwalls砖和混凝土砌块墙stonewalls石头墙woodandmetalfences木头和金属栅栏constructiondocument施工文件constructionlayout施工布局constructionobservation施工监理constructionpermits施工许可constructionsequence施工顺序constructionsurvey施工测量

contingencies临时费contingencyallowance临时津贴contract合同responsibilities责任typesof类型unauthorizedchanges未经同意的变更contractdocuments合同文件controlpoints控制点conveyancetechniques,stormwater雨水的输送技术correctiveobservation校正性<补救性，修正性）检查<监理）corridors廊道costdata造价数据costestimatecomponents造价估算内容equipmentcosts设备费equipmentcrewcosts设备人工费generalrequirementscosts一般要求的费用laborcost人工费location位置，地点material材料overtime加班费productivity生产率projectscale工程规模quantitytake-offmethods起点数量法costestimating造价估算costplus造价累计courtgames场地运动courtsurface运动场地地面CPM关键路径法CriticalPathMethod.SeeCPM关键路径法，见CPMCSI施工规范原理culverts涵洞，暗沟，管道cutoperations挖方工程Ddatum数据decking平台面，铺板decks平台，甲板basiccomponents基本内容designrequirements设计要求estimatingdesignload估算设计荷载framingmethod结构方法plank-and-beamframing厚木板梁框架

platformframing平台框架material材料hardware五金件wood木料，木材siteanalysis场地分析spantables跨度表structuraldesign结构设计

decks,functionof平台的功能

deferredmaintenance延期维修<维护）demolition,general整体破坏demolition,selective选择性破坏density密度designdevelopment设计扩初，设计深化designframework设计框架designimpacts设计影响designquality设计质量designspeed设计速度detailscale细部尺度detentionponds滞留池development开发industrial.Seeindustrialdevelopment工业，见工业开发residential.Seeresidentialdevelopment居住，见居住开发developmentprogramming开发计划developmenttypes,industrialandbusiness开发类型，工业和商业dimensionalCriteria标注标准dimensions标注dimensionofhumanfigures人体尺度directlabor直接人工费disconnectedimperviousness不连续的非渗透地面disposal处理，处置，排除，清除DL.SeedirectlaborDL.见直接人工费drainage排水，流域面积，排洪，排水系统drinkingwater饮用水drydetentionponds干滞池durability耐久性EEames,CharlesandRay查理·埃姆斯和雷earthwork土方ecologicalimpact生态影响economicimpact经济影响edgehabitat边缘栖息地edgerestraint边缘限制electricallines电力线embodiedenergy蕴藏能量endwalls尾墙energy能量embodied.Seeembodiedenergy具体化的，见蕴藏能量，具体能量energycosts能量造价environmentalimpactanalysis环境影响分析environmentalimpactstatement（EIS>环境影响报告书

estimating估算stormwaterrunoff雨水径流[量]estimatingwaterflows估算水流量evaluation评价

evapotranspirationrate土壤水分蒸发蒸腾损失总量速率exoticplantspecies外来植物物种eyelevels视平线Ffabricreinforcement纤维加固，织物加强件facilitiesplanningdata设施规划数据feasibilityplanning可行性规划federalregulations联邦规范floodprotection防洪historicpreservation历史保留NationalEnvironmentalPolicyActNPDESgeneralpermitsNPDES一般性许可Section10permit第10条许可Section404permit第404条许可fee费用costplusfixed固定费用之和lumpsum总数，总合retainer律师费fencesandwalls栅栏和围墙fences,woodandmetal栅栏，木栅栏和金属栅栏aestheticconsiderations审美方面的考虑components组分，内容construction施工structuralconsiderations结构方面的考虑fieldorders现场通知单fieldsports田径运动fieldsurfaces田径运动场地面fieldsurveys现场测量filloperations填方工程fill,general一般性填方filterstrips滤器，滤池，过滤，滤水filtration过滤filtrationsystems过滤系统finishgrading设计标高flexiblepavement柔性地面铺装floodprotection防洪followups连续footage尺长footcandle英尺烛光footingdrains基座处排水，立足点排水footings立足点forwardspatialbubblesfoundations基础fragmentation破碎

FreewayorDistributorSystems高速路或分配者系统Frenchdrains法式排水frictioncoefficient摩擦系数frostdepth结冻深度，冰冻深度frost-thawcycle结冻-融化周期functionalrequirement功能要求Ggardenpool花园游泳池generalconditions一般情况generalcontractor总承包商generaldemolition整体破坏generalfill总填方generalrequirements一般要求generalrequirementscosts一般要求的费用generalroadwaystandards一般道路标准geodeticsurvey测地学测量GIS地理信息系统golfanddrivingranges高尔夫和高尔夫练习场grading场地平整granularsoil粒状土壤gravitywall重力墙graywater灰水greenfields绿色用地，绿色土地groundcovers地被植物groundwaterprotection地下水保护groundwaterrecharge地下水补给groundwaterresources地下水资源，地下水储量growingseason生长期guarantees抵押物Hhandlevel手动水平仪handrailings扶手hazardousplants有毒植物headwalls头墙heavyduty重型的，责任重大的herbaceousplants草本植物highway高速公路historicpreservation历史保留horizontalalignment平面设计hotarid炎热干燥hothumid炎热潮湿hydrographicsurvey水文测量hydrologiccycle水文周期Iilluminance亮度impervioussurfaceratio不渗透地面比例industrialdevelopment工业开发industrialparks工业园区infiltrationbeds渗透床

infiltrationponds渗透池infiltrationwells渗透井infiltration,stormwater雨水渗透inspection检查installation安装InsuranceRateMaps（FIRMs>保险赔偿比例地图interpretation注释，解释invasivespecies入侵物种irrigation灌溉irrigationponds灌溉池塘irrigationsystems灌溉系统irrigationwater,sourcesof灌溉水水源Jjobmeetings工作会议joists托梁Llaborcosts人工费lagoons塘lampcharacteristics灯具的特点landscapeassessment景观评价LandscapeCoefficient（KL>景观系数

luminance亮度

lumpsumfee总费用lux勒克司<国际单位制的照明单位，即M烛光）Lyle,JohnTillman约翰·蒂尔曼·莱尔Mmagneticdeclination磁力偏差maintenanceanddisposal维修和处理maintenanceperiod维修期maneuveringpatterns运行方式mapprojections地图投影mapscale制图比例markup涨价masterplanning总体规划MASTERFORMAT雇主表格materialcosts材料费materiallifecyclecostestimates材料生命周期造价估算materialsamples材料样品materialselection材料选择measuresofintensity强度衡量residentialdevelopment居住开发retailcommercialdevelopment零售商业开发mechanicslien机械扣押权release让度证书mediumduty中型medium-scalesites中型场地metesandbounds界石和边界线metricratio公制比例mitigationstrategies,stormwater缓解措施，暴雨mobilizationcost流通费moisturecontent湿度，含水量，水汽含量monolithicpavement整体路面，整体铺装moonlighting月光式照明movementcriteria移动标准multi-familyhousing多户住宅municipalsewersystems市政排水系统NNationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct（NEPA>国家环境政策法案，简称（NEPA>naturaldrainageways自然排水道naturalresources自然资源needsassessment需求评估negotiation协议，商议，协商neighborhoodcommercial邻里商业neighborhoodscale邻里尺度netpositivesuctionhead净吸真空高度noxiousplants有毒植物NEPAgeneralpermits国家环境政策法案的一般许可Oofficeparks办公园区

masterplanning总体规划planthardiness植物的抗寒性plantmortality植物的死亡率planting种植clean-upandfinalinspection清理和检查groundcovers地被植物seedingandsodding种草和铺草皮shrubs灌木trees乔木plantingconditions种植现状plantingdesign种植设计plantingrequirements种植要求plants,hazardous有害的植物plants,herbaceous草本的植物plants,noxious有毒的植