SSP高中英语外刊阅读第二辑提高篇专项讲义1教师版.docx
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SSP高中英语外刊阅读第二辑提高篇专项讲义1教师版
TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthewordsgiveninthebrackets
1.科学家宣称治疗癌症已经有了重大的突破。
（claim）
2我们的英语老师已经太疲倦了,以至于黑咖啡对他起不了任何作用。
（effect）
3.一旦下定决心要改掉不好的习惯,你就要坚持计划按部就班。
（stick）
4.你没有任何理由去质疑父母对自己的告诚。
（doubt）
答案：
1. Scientistsareclaimingamajorbreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.
2. OurEnglishteacherwassotiredthatevenblackcoffeehad noeffectonhim.
3. Onceyoumakeupyourmindtogetridofbad habits,youshouldsticktoyourplanandcarryitoutstepbystep.
4. Youhavenoreasontodoubtyourparents’advice.
一、文章赏析
Windpower’swarmingeffectisoverblown
BYMichaelLePage
AstudyhasclaimedthatiftheUSgeneratedenoughelectricityfromwindtomeetitscurrentdemand,thesurfaceofthecontinentalstateswouldwarmby0.24C.What'smore,itgoesontocomparethisincreasewithglobalwarming（Joule,doi.org/cvjz）
Large-scaleUSwindpowerwouldcauseawarmingeffectthatwouldtakeroughlyacenturytooffset,"claimstheheadlineonapressreleaseissuedalongsidethestudy,implyingthatthesavingsingreenhousegasemissionwouldn’tcounteractthewarmingfor100years.Otherclimatescientistssaythisparticularclaimismisleading.
Forstarters,thestudyassumesascenariowhereathirdoftheUSiscoveredinwindturbines,sayswindenergyresearcherCristinaArcheroftheUniversityofDelaware.
"ThatmeansyoujumpinyourcarinOhioanddriveallthewaytotheRockyMountains,andallyouseeateverypointiswindturbines（涡轮机）,"shesays."It'sacrazyscenariothat’snevergoingtohappen.
What'smore,thestudyreliedonaregionalclimatemodelcalledtheWRF.Thismodelhasaknownflawthatexaggeratestheair-mixingeffectof.Thismodelhasawindturbinestwoortimes,saysArcher.
Thenthere'sthecomparisonwithglobal（风力满轮机）simplyredistributeheatthatisalreadywarming.Thecrucialpointhereisthatwindturbinesintheair.Atnight,forinstance,thegroundcoolsandsodoesthelayerofairjustaboveit.Theturningofturbinebladesheatsthesurfacebybringingdownwarmerairfromabove--theoverallheatcontentoftheatmospheredoesnotchangeandtheeffectceaseswhentheturbinesstopturning.
Bycontrast,higherlevelsofcarbondioxidetrapheat,increasingthetotalheatcontentoftheatmosphereandocean.ThiseffectlastsformillenniabecauseextraCO2persistsintheatmosphereforthatlong.
Toputthisanotherway,evenifthisstudywasrightaboutthemagnitudeoftheeffect,andeveryinchoflandintheworldwascoveredwithwindturbines,itwouldn'tcauseanymeltingofthepolaricecaps.
Theimpactofwindfarmshastobeconsideredinthecontextofalltheotherchangeswearemakingtotheworld.Theurbanheatislandeffectcanwarmcitiesbyasmuchas12℃comparedwithsurroundingareas,buthasanegligibleeffectonglobaltemperatures.Buildingsaffectwindtoo.
Someofthesepointsarestatedinthepaper,buttheyareburiedtwo-thirdsofthewaythroughit.Theyarenotmadeclearinthepressrelease.
Askedwhethertheheadlineofthepressreleasemightcausemisleadingcoverage,co-authorDavidKeithofHarvardUniversityreplied:
"IexpectsoPeoplewillseizeonallsortsofstuffsandexaggerateit.
Keithisnotdoubtingtheneedtomoveawayfromfossilfuels."Thereisnoquestionthatwindisbetterthancoal,"hesays,butheisconcernedabouttheimpactoflarge-scalewindgeneration.
Archerthinksresearchersshouldsticktoanalyzingrealisticscenariosforwindpower."Itgivessuchabadreputationtowindifyoustartpublishingthiskindofstuff,"shesays."Peopledon'tseethatit'sacrazyscenario,alltheyrememberis,oh,there'sglobalwarmingfromwindpower”.Exceptthereisn’t,ofcourse.
Wordpower
1.overblownadj.madetoseemgreaterormoreimpressivethansomethingreallyis夸张的
2.offsete.compensatefororcounterbalance抵消,去除
3.counteracte.toreduceorpreventthebadeffectofsomething,bydoingsomethingthathastheoppositeeffect抵消
4.scenarion.adescriptionofhowthingsmighthappeninthefuture情境,设想
5.millennian.aperiodof1,000years,especiallyascalculatedbeforeorafterthebirthofChrist千年纪,千禧年
6.magnituden.thepropertyofrelativesizeorextend大小,量级
7.coveragen.thenewsaspresentedbyreportersfornewspapersorradioortelevision新闻报道
8.exaggerateetoenlargebeyondboundsorthetruth夸大其词
Keywords&structure
尝试理解划“”处的词汇或结构的意思，拓展用法并模仿造句。
Vocabulary
I.WritedowntheChinesemeaningsofthefollowingexpressions.
1.generateenoughelectricityfromwind
2.warmbyo.24°C
3.greenhousegasemissions
4.aregionalclimatemodel
5.simplyredistributeheat
6.higherlevelsofcarbondioxide
7.theheadlineofthepressrelease
8.anegligibleeffect
答案：
1. 用风能产出足够的电能
2. 变暖0.24摄氏度
3. 温室气体排放
4. 一个区域性气候模型
5. 仅仅重新分布热量
6. 高浓度的二氧化碳
7. 新闻发布稿的标题
8. 微乎其微的影响
II.WritedowntheexpressionsinEnglishaccordingtotheChinesemeaning.
1.满足现有需求
2.大规模的风能发电
3.这个独特的看法存在误导性
4.一个已知的缺陷
5.换句话来说
6.风电场的影响力
7.化石燃料
答案：
1. meetthecurrentdemand
2. large-scalewindpower
3. thisparticularclaimismisleading
4. aknownflaw
5. toputthisanotherway
6. theimpactofwindfarms
7. fossilfuels
Reading
I.Choosethebestanswer.
1.Whichofthefollowingisnotstatedintheclaimofthepressrelease?
A.Windpower'swarmingeffectcanbecomparedwithglobalwarming.
B.Itwilltakealongtimetobalancetheimpactofwindpoweronourplanet.
C.TheU.S.alreadyhastoomanywindturbinesalongtheRockymountains.
D.Extensiveuseofwindpowermaycauseawarmingeffectonthesurfaceofthecontinentalstates.
2.Theunderlinedword"assumes"inParagraph3probablymeans
A.takesforgrantedB.putsclothsom
C.makesapretenseofDtakesoverprivately
3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsarguesagainsttheclaimofthepressrelease?
A.Itsstudytakesonanidealscenario.
B.Itsstudyisbasedonanunreliablemod.
C.Theclaimoverestimatestheeffectofglobalwarming.
D.Theclaimdoesn'ttakeotherfactorsintoaccount.
4.WhatisCristinaArchersattitudetowardwindpower?
A.doubtfulB.defensiveC.neutralD.concerned
答案：
1-4CABB
1.正确答案：
C
解析：
考查理解文章基本信息的能力。
根据文章第一、二段信息可知，新闻发布的信息主要包括：
1）美国大规模地使用风能发电会引起温室效应，需要一个世纪才能消除这些温室效应，因此选项B、D包涵在内；2）风能发电引起的气温升高可以和全球变暖相提并论，因此选项A也包涵在内。
选项C没有提及，因此本题正确答案为C。
2.正确答案：
A
解析：
考查根据上下文理解词语的能力。
该词所在句子的意思是，“首先，该研究假定了一个情景，即美国三分之一的领土都被风力涡轮机覆盖，”由此可推测出该词的意思和“takeforgranted”意思相近，因此正确答案为A。
3.正确答案：
B
解析：
考查理解文章基本信息的能力。
根据第五段可知，该研究基于一个有明显缺陷的模型，言下之意就是不可靠的模型，因此正确答案为B。
该研究假设了几个不现实的情景，而不是理想的情景（“It’sacrazyscenariothat’snevergoing tohappen），因此选项A是错误的；该研究考虑了其他因素，但只是轻描淡写，一笔带过（Someofthesepointsarestatedinthepaper,buttheyareburiedtwo-thirdsofthewaythroughit.Theyarenotmadeclearinthepressrelease），因此选项D是错误的；选项C在文中没有提及，因此也是错误的。
4.正确答案：
B
解析：
考查归纳和概括文章主旨大意的能力。
根据最后一段可知，CristinaArcher认为，新闻发布的信息给风能带来了坏名声，会误导人们以为风能发电会造成全球变暖，由此可判断她是支持和捍卫风能的。
因此正确答案为B。
答案：
II.
1. Notreally.Becausetheclaim takeson anunrealisticscenarioandisbasedonamodelwithaknownflaw.Italsodoesn’ttakeother factorsintofullaccount.
2. Becausethemodelcanleadtotheresultdesiredbytheexpertsandtheyhopetodrawthepublic’sattentiontotheimpactoflarge-scalewindgenerationbyexaggeratingtheimpactofwindpower.
3. Theauthoristryingtorebutthecontentionthattheimpactofwindfarms ontheearth canbe equaltoglobalwarming.Manyotherchangesandfactorsshouldbetakenintofullaccountwhenestimatingtheimpactofwindfarms.
4. Itcannotbedeniedthatwindpowerhasanimpactontheearthinsome way.Yet,itisnotasmuchaswhat isclaimedinthepressrelease. Theclaimissomisleadingthatpeoplewouldonlyremembertheexaggerated magnitudeoftheeffectwhileignoringthestudy’smanyobviousmistakes.
当堂测试
（2018-2019学年上海市杨浦区复旦大学附属中学高二下学期英语3月月考卷）
III.Readingcomprehension
SectionACloze（15%）
Directions:
ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordofphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
Myfather，WinstonChurchill，beganhislove（41）withpaintinginhis40s，amiddisastrouscircumstances.AsFirstLordoftheAdmiraltyin1915,hehadbeendeeply（42）inacampaignintheDardanellesthatcouldhaveshortenedthecourseofabloodyworldwar.Butwhenthemissionfailed,withgreatlossoflife,Churchillpaidtheprice,bothpubliclyandprivately:
Hewas（43）fromtheAdmiraltyandlosthispositionofpoliticalinfluence.
Overwhelmedbythedisaster--"Ithoughthewoulddieofgrief”,saidhiswife,Clementine--heretiredwithhisfamilytoHoeFarm,acountryretreatinSurrey.There,asChurchilllaterrecalled,“Themuseofpaintingcametomyrescue!
”
Onedaywhenhewaswanderinginthegarden,hechanceduponhissister-in-lawsketchingwithwatercolors.Hewatchedherforafewminutes,thenborrowedherbrushandtriedhishand.--andtheMuseworked（44）magic.Fromthatdayforward,Winstonwasinlovewithpainting.
Delightedwithanythingthat（45）Winstonfromthedarkthoughtsthatoverwhelmedhim,Clementinerushedofftobuywhateverpaintsandmaterialsshecouldfind.Watercolors,oilpaints,paper,canvas一HoeFarmwassoonfilledwitheverythingapaintercouldwantorneed.
Paintinginoils（46）tobeWinston’sgreatlove—butthefirststepswerestrangelydifficult.Hecontemplatedtheblankwhitenessofhisfirstcanvaswithunaccustomednervousness.Helaterrecalled.
“Very（47）Iselectedatubeofbluepaint,andwithinfiniteprecautionmadeamarkaboutasbigasabeanonthesnow-whitefield.Atthatmomentheardthesoundofamotorcarinthedriveandthrewdownmybrushinapanic.Iwasevenmorealarmed
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