汽车英语.pdf

汽车英语.pdf

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1汽车英語汽车英語Unit1AutomotiveAwareness汽车认识汽车认识1.1FundamentalStructureEngine,chassis,body,electricalequipmentFrontwheel前轮Rearwheel后轮Frontsuspension前悬架Rearsuspension后悬架Frontwheelbrake前轮制动器Sub-frame副车架Transmissionshaft传动轴Steeringwheel转向盘Rearwheelbrake后轮制动器Finaldrive&differential主减速器及差速器OverallStructureofClassicCar（典型轿车总装）1.1.1Enginecamshaft凸轮轴exhaustvalve排气阀distributor分电器timingbelt正时带airfilter空气滤清器ignitionswitch点火开关sparkplug火花塞ignitionloop点火线圈coolant冷却液piston活塞connecting-rod连杆2accumulator蓄电池inletvalve进气门crankshaft曲轴lubricant润滑油flywheel飞轮starter起动机GasolineEngineAppearanceStructure（汽油机外形结构）injector喷油器injectionpump喷油泵timinggear正时齿轮DieselEngineAppearanceStructure（柴油机外形结构）31.1.2ChassisFourmajorcategories（类别）:

Powertrain（transmission）system传动系Suspensionsystem行驶系Steeringsystem转向系Brakesystem制动系ClassisAssemblyMap（底盘总成）1.1.3Bodyfrontcrossmember前横梁engine-supportcrossmember发动机支撑横梁wheelarch轮口sidemember纵梁frontpillar前柱crossmemberunderseat后座下横梁centerpillar中柱rearpillar后柱backpanel后围板rearroofbow顶盖后横梁roofrail上边梁frontroofbow顶盖前横梁crossmemberunderwindshield前窗下横梁frontsidemember前纵梁frontendpanel发动机罩前支撑板4BodyAssemblyMap（车身总装）1.1.4ElectricalEquipmentsensorsignal传感器信号controlunit控制单元terminalenergyoutputpole终极能量输出极powersupply电源DoubleIgnitionLoop（点火系统）5nailing穿钉seal密封圈lockingpieces锁片brushframe电刷架endcover端盖rotor转子planetarygearmachine行星齿轮机构one-wayclutch单向离合器thrustwashers止推垫圈coverdrive驱动端盖electromagneticswitch电磁开关coreactivities活动铁心plectrum拔叉clasp卡环chassis机壳adjustedgasket调整垫片PermanentMagnetSlowdownStarter（永磁式减速起动机）evaporator蒸发器compressor压缩机condenser冷凝器reserveliquiddryer储液干燥器liquidwindow液窗expansionvalve膨胀阀6Automotiveair-conditioningrefrigerationsystems（汽车空调冷凝系统）frontairbagsensorRH前安全气囊传感器右侧steeringwheelliner转向盘衬垫airbagwarminglights安全气囊警告灯frontairbagssensorLH前安全气囊传感器左侧spiralcable螺旋电缆centralairbagssensorassembly中央安全气囊传感器总成AirbagComposition（安全气囊组成）7Unit2EngineConstruction发动机构造发动机构造2.1FundamentalStructureintakemanifold进气管sparkplug火花塞timingdrivingroomcover正时传动室盖camshaft凸轮轴timingbelt正时齿带campulley凸轮轴带轮crankshafttimingbeltgearwheel曲轴正时齿形带轮throttlevalve节气门cylinderheadcover气缸盖罩distributor分电器cylindercover汽缸盖cylinder气缸cylinderblock气缸体flywheel飞轮waterjacket水套EngineOverallStructure（发动机总体构造）82.2BlockGroup2.2.1BasicComponentscylinderhead汽缸盖cylinderpillow气缸垫cylinderblock汽缸体oilpan油底壳BlockGroup2.2.2CylinderBlockcylinder气缸waterjacket水套mainunderside缸体地面reinforcingrib横隔板加强肋headstockseat主轴承座blocktipsurface缸体顶面sidewallreinforcerib侧壁加强肋blocksidewall缸体侧壁CylinderBlock92.2.3CylinderHeadcylinderheadcover气缸盖罩gasket密封垫cylinderhead缸盖cylinderheadgasket汽缸盖垫圈CylinderHead2.3CrankshaftandConnectingRodMechanism（曲柄连杆机构）（曲柄连杆机构）submitgaseousring上气环belowgaseousring下气环oilring油环piston活塞pistonpin活塞销beadflange挡圈connecting-rodbolts连杆螺栓connecting-rodbody连杆体connecting-rodtop连杆盖nut螺母bearing轴承crankshafttiminggear曲轴定时齿轮belowstilltrundlepatch下止推片crankshaft曲轴balanceweight平衡重locatingpin定位销flywheel飞轮flywheelbolt飞轮螺栓10CrankshaftandConnectingRodMechanism2.4AdmissionGear（配气机构）（配气机构）valvelocker气门锁夹valveoilseal气门油封valvespring气门弹簧ascendingvalvespringseat上气门弹簧座valvepipe气门导管valve气门AdmissionGearcamshafttimingbeltgearwheel凸轮轴定时齿形带轮11cogbelt齿形带tensionwheel张紧轮midstwheel中间轮waterpumptransmissionbeltgearwheel水泵传动齿形带轮camshafttimingbeltgearwheel曲轴定时齿形带轮camshaft曲轴airinletcamshaft进气凸轮轴exhaustcamshaft排气凸轮轴valvespring气门弹簧exhaustvalve排气门piston活塞connecting-rodbody连杆体connecting-rodtop连杆盖AdmissionGear2.5TheFuelSupplySystem（燃油供给系统）（燃油供给系统）2.5.1OilOrbitandComponents（油轨及其组成）（油轨及其组成）injector喷油器high-pressurepipeline高压油管backtubing回油管dieselfilters柴油滤清器plunger-injector柱塞式喷油器oilpump输出泵injectionadvancer喷油提前器oil-waterseparator油水分离器dieseltank柴油箱governor调速器12Plunger-typeFuelInjectionPumpDieselSystem（柱塞式喷油泵柴油机燃油系统）intaketube进气软管intakemanifold进气歧管carburetor化油器exhaustpipe排气管muffler消声器gasolinepump汽油泵gasolinefilter汽油滤清器pipe油管gasolinetank汽油箱airfilter空气滤清器GasolineEngineFuelSystem（汽油燃油系统）132.5.2GasolinePumpdiaphragmtypegasolinepump膜片式汽油泵oilring油环oilringgasket油环衬圈deliveryvalve出油阀diaphragm膜片diaphragmspring膜片弹簧mandrel顶杆hand-operatedrocket手摇臂tie拉杆pull-offspring回位弹簧rocket摇臂wheel偏心轮fillingvalve进油阀feedingchannels进油通道strainer滤网DiaphragmTypeGasolinePump2.5.3VacuumTubeRoad（真空管道真空管道）EVAPserviceport燃油蒸汽排放系统检修孔purgeline清污管道EVAPVSV燃油蒸发排放系统真空开关阀airinletline进气管路vaporpressuresensorVSV燃油蒸汽压力传感器真空开关vaporpressuresensor燃油蒸汽压力传感器EVAPline燃油蒸发排放管路fueltank燃油箱charcoalcanister炭罐airdrainhole空气排放软管catalyticconverter催化转化器14EngineEmissionsVacuumTube（发动机排放真空管路）2.6CoolingSystemheatermachine暖风机switch开关thepressurelimitingvalve限压阀管waterlid加水盖bulgewatertank膨胀水箱watertank水箱waterpipe水管waterpump水泵thermostat节温器heatermachinepenstock暖风进机水管CoolingSystem152.7LubricationSystem（润滑系统润滑系统）backclosingvalve回油关闭阀overpressvalve过压阀oilpump机油泵oilsumptank油底壳filters滤清器hydraulicswitch油压开关LubricationSystemComposingmuzzle喷嘴engineoilcooler机油冷却器concentratecolander集虑器engineoilcleaner机油滤清器aircompressor空气压缩机supercharger增压器rocker-armshaft摇臂轴LubricationSystemOilRoute16Unit3Chassis3.1PowerTrainSystemtransmission变速器driveshaft传动轴universalioint万向节differential差速器finaldrive主减速器axeshaft半轴PowerTrainSystemAssembly3.1.1Clutch（离合器）（离合器）pilotbearing导向轴承coverplate罩板clutchdisc离合器摩擦片pressureplateandcover压盘与罩releaselever分离杆inputshaft输入轴clutchhousing离合器壳ClutchAssembly（离合器总成）173.1.2Gearbox（变速器）（变速器）ManualTransmission（MT,手动变速器）shiftlever变速杆3rdspeedgear三档齿轮inputshaftgear输入轴齿轮drivegear传动齿轮（中间轴）countershaft中间轴reverseshaft倒档齿轮rearbearing后轴承frontbearing前轴承companionyoke结合叉synchronizer同步器1stspeedgear一档齿轮2stspeedgear二档齿轮5-speedManualTransmission（五档手动变速器）SynchronizerSynchronizer（同步器）18AutomaticTransmission（AT自动变速器自动变速器）shaftlockbutton锁止按钮shiftpositionindicator档位指示器O/Dswitch（overdriveswitch）超速档开关SelectorLeverofAutomaticTransmission（自动变速器变速杆）convertorcover变矩器壳impeller轮泵startupringgear启动齿轮turbine涡轮impeller泵轮convertor变矩器parkinglock停车锁servovalve伺服阀AutomaticTransmission193.1.3DriveAxle（驱动器）（驱动器）FinalDrive（主减速器）（主减速器）drivepinion主动齿轮drivenpinion从动齿轮FinalDriveDifferential（差速器）（差速器）differential（side）pinion差速器行星齿轮differentialcover差速器盖pinionwasher小齿轮垫片sidegear半轴齿轮Differential3.1.4UniversalGearing（万向传动装置）（万向传动装置）sleeve套筒needle滚针oilseat油封oilmouth油嘴20universaljointyoke万向节叉cross十字轴GardenUniversalJoint（十字轴式万向节）PropellerShafts传动轴gearboxassembly变速器总成beam横梁centrebearing中间支撑reardriveaxle后驱动桥PropellerShafts3.2Suspension（汽车悬架汽车悬架）steeringarm转向节臂strutmount滑柱固定件suspensionmember悬架横梁lowerlink下横臂stabilizershaft横向稳定杆bushing衬套strutrod支撑杆balljoint球节shockstrut滑柱coilspring螺旋弹簧vehicleload车辆负载lowerA-arm下A形臂greasefitting润滑脂嘴springpin钢板弹簧销frontbracket前支架springbushing弹簧销衬套limitingstopper限位块coversheet盖板slidingplate滑板setpinsleeve限位销套21hoopbolt加箍螺栓springclamp钢板弹簧MacphersonStrutSuspension（麦弗逊滑柱式悬架）RigidAxleSuspension（非独立悬架）223.3SteeringSystem（转向系）（转向系）pitmanarm转向摇臂steeringknuckle转向节臂steeringwheel转向盘tierod转向横拉杆steeringarms梯形臂SteeringSystem3.3.1SteeringGearsteeringworm转向蜗杆pitmanarmshaft摇臂轴sectorshaftadjustscrew摇臂轴调整螺钉CamandLeverSteeringGear（蜗杆指销式转向器）23steeringshockabsorber转向减速器drivegear主动齿轮jointplate连接板lefttierod左横拉杆RackandPinionSteeringGear（齿轮齿条式转向器）3.3.2PowerSteeringSystem（动力转向系）（动力转向系）PowerSteeringSystem243.4BrakeSystembrakefluidreservoir制动液储箱vacuumpowerbooster真空助力器brakeline制动管路caliper卡钳disc盘slidepin导向销brakedrum制动鼓wheelstud车轮紧固螺栓brakepedal制动踏板wheelcylinder制动分缸BrakeSystemComponents（制动系零件）3.4.1Brakeleadingshoe领蹄wheelcylinder轮缸frictionlining摩擦片trailingshoe从蹄piston活塞anchorpin支撑销backingplate制动器底板brakedrum制动鼓DrumBrake25brakepad制动衬块floatingcaliper浮钳fixedcaliper固定钳guidepin导销brakedisc制动盘piston活塞DiscBrake3.4.2Parkingbrake（驻车制动器）（驻车制动器）returnspring回位弹簧releasebutton释放按钮releaserod释放杆equalizer平衡臂parkingbrakestrut驻车制动撑杆controllever操纵杆cable拉绳spacer隔套parkingbrakelever驻车制动器拉杆cablebracket拉绳支架Hand-OperatedParkingBrake（手动驻车制动器）ratchet荆爪ratchetdrawbar荆爪拉杆guide导杆airabsorber空气缓冲器parkingbrakeswitch驻车制动灯开关26Foot-OperatedParkingBrake27Unit4VehicleBody