Unit-5-A-Few-Kind-Words-for-Superstition-练习答案.doc

Unit-5-A-Few-Kind-Words-for-Superstition-练习答案.doc

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Unit5

AFewKindWordsforSuperstition

ConsolidationActivities

I.TextComprehension

1.Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'spurpose.

A.Totellreaderstheoriginandhistoryofsuperstitioninhumansociety.

B.Todescribefourtypesofsuperstitionandtheireffectsonhumannature.

C.Todescribefourtypesofsuperstitionandtheirrelevancetoscienceandreason.

Key:

[B]

2.Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.

1）.SincesuperstitionisasignofnaÏvetéorignorance,itisonlypracticedbyill-educatedpeople.[F]

2）.Idolatryismanifestedbypeople’sprofoundbutungroundedconvictioninsomethingthatcouldbringgoodluck.[T]

3）.Manypeoplehavepracticedsuperstitionevenwithouttheirownawareness.[T]

4）.Religionandsuperstitionhavethesamepersistentandminatorypoweronallpeople.[F]

5）.Superstitionisprevalentbecauseitcanmeetpeople’scuriosityabouttheirfuture.[T]

II.WritingStrategies

Inthisexpositoryessay,theauthorfirstpresentsfourtypesofsuperstitionbymeansofclassificationanddivision.Eachtypeisclarifiedwithsomeanecdotesandexamples.Then,heoffershisexplanationastowhysomepeoplearefascinatedwiththeseirrationalpracticesbytakingacloselookathumannature.Duringtheprocess,theauthornowandtheninsertssomerhetoricalquestionstoachieveavarietyoffunctions.Readthefollowingquestionstakenfromthetextandexplaintheirrespectivemeanings:

1.Isitbecauseithasanunacknowledgedholdonsomanyofus?

（Paragraph1）

Toexpressdoubt.

2.Youdidnotknowthatsuperstitiontakesfourforms?

（Paragraph3）

Tointroducethesubsequentclassification.

3.Andwhynot?

（Paragraph4）

Toexpresscertainty.

4.Modestidolatry,butwhatelsecanyoucallit?

（Paragraph5）

Toexpresssubmissionoracceptance.

5.HowdidtheMelanesianscomebythesameidea?

（Paragraph9）

Toexpresswonderorsurprise.

6.Butwhenhasastrologynotbeenpopular?

（Paragraph10）

Toexpresscertainty.（Ofcourse,astrologyhasalwaysbeenpopular.）

7.Whenhastheheartofmangivenadamnforscience?

（Paragraph10）

Toemphasizetheauthor’sconviction.（Idon’treallybelievethatsciencecouldworkinthismanner.）

III.LanguageWork

1.Explaintheunderlinedpart（s）ineachsentenceinyourownwords.

1）.Isitbecauseithasanunacknowledgedholdonsomanyofus?

àhasanunrecognizedcontrolover

2）.Iliveinthemiddleofalargeuniversity,andIseesuperstitioninitsfourmanifestations,aliveandflourishingamongpeoplewhoareindisputablyrationalandlearned.

àunquestionably

3）.Ifyouhaveeversupervisedalargeexaminationroom,youknowhowmanyjujus,luckycoins,andotherbringersofluckareplacedonthedesksofthecandidates.

àthingsthataresupposedtocontainsomepowertobringgoodluck

4）.WhenItalkedwithhim,hedidnotthinkhewaspricingGodcheapbecausehecouldaffordnomore.

àwasofferingGodtoolittlemoney

5）.Mostpeoplekeeptheirterrorwithinbounds,buttheycannotrootitout,nordotheyseemtowanttodoso.

àgetridofitcompletely

6）.Superstitionmakesitsappearance,apparentlyunbidden,veryearlyinlife...

àcomesintobeing

7）.Thepsychoanalystshavetheirexplanation,butcallingasuperstitionacompulsionneurosisdoesnotbanishit.

àdoawaywith

8）.Nousesayingsciencediscreditsit.

àaccordingtoscienceitisfalse,notbelievable

9）.Superstitioningeneralislinkedtoman’syearningtoknowhisfate,andtohavesomehandindecidingit.

àhavesomecontrolin

10）.Iamnotonetostandalooffromtherestofhumanityinthismatter...

àkeepadistancefrom

2.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.

1）.Idon’tthinkyouunderstandthegravity（grave）ofthesituation.

2）.Thetoneoftheletterwasplacatory（placate）.

3）.Theyareforcedtoliveindeplorable（deplore）conditions.

4）.Sheclaimedthattheriseinunemploymentwasjustafurthermanifestation（manifest）ofthegovernment’sincompetence.

5）.Religiousobservances（observe）suchasfastingcanbehardtofollow.

6）.Thereportabsolved（absolution）herfromallblamefortheaccident.

7）.Thefruitwaspreservedbysubmersion（submerge）inalcohol.

8）.Idivined（divination）fromhisgrimexpressionthatthenewswasnotgood.

9）.Thepasttwoyearshaveseenaproliferation（proliferate）ofTVchannels.

10）.She’sneurotic（neurosis）aboutherweight—sheweighsherselfthreetimesaday.

3.Fillintheblank（s）ineachsentencewithaphrasetakenfromtheboxinitsappropriateform.

withinthebounds|depth|yearning|hasten

rootout|makeanappearance|giveadamn

haveaholdon|comeby|standaloof

1）.MsCampbellhasbeenappointedtorootoutinefficiencyinthiscompany.

2）.Theircompanyhasastrongholdonthecomputermarket.

3）.Whathedidwaswithintheboundsofacceptablebehavior.

4）.ThefamousmoviestarmakeararepersonalappearancelastFriday.

5）.Theyhadnotrealizedthedepthoftheirfeelingsforoneanother.

6）.Thepresidenthastenedtoreassurehispeoplethathewasinperfecthealth.

7）.Cheaporganicfoodisstilldifficulttocomeby.

8）.Hecanthinkwhathelikesaboutme—Idon’tgiveadamn!

9）.Althoughmanyofhisfriendswerepoliticians,hestoodalooffrompolitics.

10）.Isupposeit’sbecauseIliveinacrowdedcitythatIhavethisyearningforopenspaces.

4.Explainthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartineachsentence.

1）.Peopleoftenbehaveirrationallywhentheyareunderstress.

àdounreasonablethings

2）.EvidenceoflinkswithdrugdealershasdiscreditedthePresident.

àharmedthereputationof

3）.Hedevoutlyhopedthattheywouldreachapeacefulagreement.

àsincerely

4）.Themosteffectivetechniqueistocajoleratherthantothreaten.

àtrytopersuade

5）.AresandAphroditeweretheancientGreekdeitiesofwarandlove.

àgodandgoddess

6）.OperainBritainisenjoyingalong-awaitedrenaissance.

àrebirth

7）.Theterroristactionhasbeencondemnedasanactofbarbarismandcowardice

àstronglycriticized

8）.ProfessorRossisregardedastheoracleoneatingdisorders.

àauthority

9.Treesaredyinginareaswhereacidrainismostprevalent.

àwidespread

10.Atnightimageswouldcomeunbiddenintohermind.

àappearautomaticallyin

5.Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingpassage.Thepassagecontainstenerrors,oneineachindicatedline.Ineachcase,onlyonewordisinvolved.

Correctionsshouldbedoneasfollows:

Wrongword:

underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectwordintheblank.

Extraword:

deletetheextrawordwithan“×.”

Missingword:

markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“∧”andwritethemissingwordintheblank.

TheZodiac

SomeoftheearliestcivilizationsonEarthdevelopedinMesopotamia.

Inthemdevelopedtheearlydivisionofsocietyinfarmers,warriorsandreligiouspersonnel.Thesepriestsspentmostoftheirtimewatchingthestarsastheywerebelievedtohaveadirecteffectondailylife.Onthisday,almosteveryoneknowstheirbirth（orzodiac）sign.Newspapersprintouthoroscopes;loverstrytofigureout∧theyarecompatible,andpeoplespendalotofmoneyconsultingastrologers.ThesolaryearbeginswiththesunpassingthroughtheconstellationofAriesaroundthebeginningofApril.

Ariesisaram,andthosebornatthistimearesaidtobeindependentandunpredicted.ThencomesTaurus,thestrong,notverybright,butstubbornbull.Geminiaretwins∧thisdoublenessistobefoundinthosewithbirthdaysinlateMayandearlyJune.Cancerthecrab,movessidewaysandcanpinch.Leo,thelion,isthekingofanimals,proud,braveandtrustworthy.Virgo,themaiden,iskindandsweet,characterizedbyinnocence.Libraisthescalesthatweightwhatisgoodandbad,justandunjust.Scorpio,thescorpion,isaverydangerouscreature,bestavoid.Sagittariusisthecentaur,aman-horse,whoisalsoanarcher.Thisgivesafinemixtureofqualities.Capricorn,thegoat,isversatile,abletosurvivealmostanywhere,and∧timesrathercrudeandcoarse.Aquarius,thewater-carrier,isadreamerwithsomeofthefluidqualityofwater.TheyearendswithPisces,thefish,brilliant,slippingandfast.

（1）into

（2）To

（3）out

（4）if/whether

（5）unpredictable

（6）and

（7）weigh

（8）avoided

（9）at

（10）slippery

6.FillineachblankinthepassagebelowwithONEappropriateword.

Telepathy

Icanwellbelieveintelepathy,forithasbeenpartofmylifesincechildhood.Myownfirst

（1）experienceofwhatmightbeakindoftelepathyIhavealreadydescribedinASortofLife.Iwouldhaveputitdowntomerecoincidenceifithadnotbeenrepeatedtwiceunderroughlythesamecircumstances,each

（2）involvingatragedyatseaandalossoflife.ThefirstoccasionwasduringanEasterseasideholidayatLittlehamptonwhenIwassevenyearsold.

IdreamtofshipwreckandIcanstillseeclearlyone（3）imageofthedream.Amanisscramblingupthestaircaseofashipandagreatwaveiscomingdowntoswamphim.Nextmorningweheardthe（4）newsoftheTitanicsunkthatnight.

Oftheseconddreamofawreckabouttenyearslater,Ihavealsowritten.Icanrecallno（5）detailsandhavelostthedreamdiarywhichIwaskeepingduringacourseofpsychoanalysisinLondon.Perhapswritingdownthedreamcancelledthe（6）memoryofit.Again,mydream（7）coincidedwitharealwreck,thistimeoftheRowanintheIrishSeawhen,Iseemtoremember,awholeorchestralosttheir（8）liv