初三英语被动语态知识精讲.docx

初三英语被动语态知识精讲.docx

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初三英语被动语态知识精讲

初三英语被动语态

【本讲主要内容】

被动语态

【知识总结归纳】

一.概念：

表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。

二.主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换

WeVisitedthatfactorylastsummer

主动语态

主语谓语宾语状语

Thatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummer

被动语态

主语谓语宾语状语

三.各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比

时态

主动语态

被动语态

一般现在时

am/is/are+P.P.

（1）DotheyspeakFrench?

（2）Theydon’tusetheroom.

IsFrenchspokenbythem?

Theroomisn’tusedbythem.

一般过去时

was/were+p.p.

（1）Thehunterkilledatiger.

（2）Hewrotemanystorieslastyear.

Atigerwaskilledbythehunter.

Manystorieswaswrittenbyhimlastyear.

现在进行时

am/is/are+being+p.p.

（1）Theseworkersarebuildinganewbridge.

（2）Heismendinghiscar.

Anewbridgeisbeingbuiltbytheseworkers.

Hiscarisbeingmendedbyhim.

过去进行时

was/were+being+p.p.

（1）Hewassellingbooks.

（2）Theywerediscussingtheplanatthattime.

Bookswerebeingbuiltbyhim.

Theplanwasbeingdiscussedbythematthattime.

现在完成时

have/has+been+p.p.

（1）ShehaslearnedmanyEnglishwords.

（2）Hehasfinishedthework.

ManyEnglishwordshavebeenlearnedbyher.

Theworkhasbeenfinishedbyhim.

过去完成时

had+been+p.p.

（1）Theyhassolvedtheproblem.

（2）Wehadtoldhimthenewsbythen.

Theproblemhadbeensolvedbythem.

Thenewshadbeentoldtohimbyus.

一般将来时

shall/willbe+p.p.

（1）Ishallmakeaplan.

（2）Theyaregoingtofixtheradioinanhour.

Aplanwillbemadebyme.

Theradioisgoingtobefixedbytheminanhour.

过去将来时

wouldbe+p.p.

was/weregoingtobe+p.p.

（1）Hetoldmetheywouldpainttheroom.

（2）Theyweregoingtoputonaplaythenextweek.

Hetoldmetheroomwouldbepaintedbythem.

Aplaywasgoingtobeputbythemthenextweek.

情态动词

can/may/must/should

+be+p.p.

（1）Weshouldhandinourhomework.

（2）YoumustanswerthequestioninEnglish.

Ourhomeworkshouldbehandedinbyus.

Thequestionmustbe

answeredinEnglishbyyou.

四.如何正确使用被动语态

1.有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。

需要注意的是：

若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。

eg.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.（主动语态）

（被动语态）

▲常带双宾语的词有：

tell,show,lend,pass等。

2.在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。

eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主动语态）

Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被动语态）

▲有这种用法的常用动词有：

make,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice等。

3.有些“be+过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。

”

比较：

（1）

（2）

4.只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。

eg.

【题型展示】

1.AtalkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnextweek.

A.begivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.willgive

答案：

C（2003天津市）

2.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbishintotheriver.

A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrown

C.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow

答案：

B（2003重庆市）

3.Youmaygofishingifyourwork.

A.isdoneB.willbedoneC.hasdoneD.havedone

答案：

A（2003河北省）

4.Thetreesmustthreetimesaweek.

A.waterB.iswateringC.bewateredD.waters

答案：

C（2003长沙市）

5.—Iwon’tcometothepartyunlessSue,too.

 —YoumeanifSuecomesyou’llcome?

A.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited

答案：

D（2003江西省）

6.Ilikemynewbike.Itverywell.

A.ridesB.isridingC.isriddenD.hasridden

答案：

A（2003江西省）

7.Mr.Chenhasalondvoice.Hisvoicecanclearlyeveninthatbigclassroom.

A.hearB.beheardC.behearingD.haveheard

答案：

B（2003台湾省）

8.—It’stimetodoyourhomework,Jack.

     —Yes,Mum.I’llturnofftheTVassoonastheprogramme.

A.endsB.endC.willbeendedD.willend

答案：

A（2003广州市）

9.Youtothemeeting,whydidn’tyougo?

A.beinvitedB.willbeinvitedC.wereinvitedD.areinvited

答案：

C（2003山西省）

10.Alotoftreesalongtheriverlastyear.

A.plantedB.areplantedC.wereplanted

答案：

C（2003四川省）

【实战模拟】

一.选择填空

1.TheriverssmellsterriblePeoplemustdirtythingsintoit.

A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowing

C.stoptothrowD.stopformthrowing

2.PaperfirstinventedinChina.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

3.—Doyouliketheflower?

—Yes,itsweet.

A.issmellingB.smeltC.issmeltD.smells

4.Itsnowedheavilylastnight.Thegroundthicksnow.

A.wascoveredwithB.wasfilledwith

C.wasmadeofD.coveredwith

5.Thelightintheroombeforeyouleave.

A.mustturnofB.willturnoffC.areturnedD.mustbeturnedoff

6.thekindofquestionofteninyourclass,Ann?

A.Does,askB.Is,askedC.Has,askedD.Will,ask

7.Thebridgeinthreeweeks.

A.willbuildB.isbuiltC.willbebuiltD.builds

8.Theoldmenandthechildrenmustinourcountry.

A.takegoodcareB.betakengoodcare

C.takegoodcareofD.betakengoodcareof

9.Pauldoesn’thavetobemadeHealwaysworkshard.

A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning

10.Thegirlwasunhappybecauseshebysomeboysintheclass.

A.islaughedB.waslaughedC.laughedatD.waslaughedat

11.WethattheEnglishtestnextMonday.

A.aretold,givesB.tell,willgive

C.aretold,willbegivenD.told,isgoingtobegiven

12.GreatchangesplaceinChinasince1978.

A.havebeentakenB.havetakenC.hasbeentakenD.took

13.theredpencil-boxbyyourfatherlastweek?

A.Has,boughtB.Was,boughtC.Does,buyD.Did,buy

14.Marymanysongsattheparty.

A.heardsingB.heardtosingC.washeardsingD.washeardtosing

15.treesusuallyinApril?

A.Have,plantedB.Are,plantedC.Do,plantD.Were,planted

16.Whenwegotthere,thebrokenroadrepaired.

A.isbeingB.wasbeingC.hasbeenD./

17.Thewindowsoftheroomonceaweek.

A.hasbeencleanedB.iscleanedC.arecleanedD.arecleaning

18.In1620,abouthalftheUSAforests.

A.wascoveredB.wascoveredbyC.werefilledwithD.coveredwith

19.Theyoungtreethestick.

A.shouldbetiedtoB.mustbetiedbyC.shouldtietoD.canbetiedwith

20.Apresentmebymyfriendonmybirthday.

A.isgivingB.wasgiventoC.isgivenforD.willgiveto

21.Bywasthebook?

A.who,wroteB.whom,writeC.whom,writtenD.whom,writing

22.Filmsaboutcrimeandviolence（暴力与犯罪）byyoungchildren.

A.shouldnotseeB.shouldbenotseen

C.shouldnotbeseenD.shouldbeseen

23.Inwarmweatherfruitandmeatlong.

A.can’tbekeptB.don’tkeepC.isnotkeptD.aren’tkeeping

24.Halftheworld’stelephonecallsinEnglish.

A.aremadeB.aremakingC.makeD.ismade

25.Thatbuildingnow.

A.isbuildingB.isbuiltC.isbeingbuiltD.builds

26.ThetreesinourschooleveryFridayafternoon.

A.arewateredB.arewateringC.havewateredD.water

27.More“GreatGreenWalls”mustallovertheworld.

A.buildB.arebuiltC.bebuildingD.bebuilt

28.Hisschoolbagbyawomantenminutesago.

A.tookawayB.wastakenawayC.wastakenoffD.istaken

29.Itthatsheveryclever.

A.wassaid,isB.wassaid,wereC.issaid,isD.issaid,isbeing

30.Yesterdayavisitorsomethingabouthishometown.

A.wasaskedB.wasaskingC.isaskedD.asked

31.Doyoulikethiskindofpaper?

Yes,itverynice.

A.isfeltB.feltC.isfeelingD.feels

32.Thesebookswell.

A.sellsB.arebeingsoldC.aresoldD.sell

33.Theboylostonhiswayhomeyesterday.

A.gotB.isC.getsD.has

34.Thoughthecoatisabitlargenow,itmeverysoon.

A.willbefitB.willfitC.fitD.fits

35.Footballeverywhereintheworld.

A.isplayedB.playC.isplayingD.plays

36.Everybodyherewasapresent.

A.gaveB.givenC.TogiveD.Giving

37.Anewfactoryinourcitylastyear.

A.builtB.hasbuiltC.wasbuiltD.isbuilding

38.Alltreesmustwellwhenitisdry.

A.bewateredB.arewateredC.waterD.bewatering

39.Thisshirtsilk.

A.mustbemadeinB.makebyC.mustbemadeofD.mustbemadeby

40.Thesebooksgoodcareof.

A.musttakenB.musttakeC.havetotakeD.mustbetaken

41.Stampsbypeopleforsendingletters.

A.useB.inusingC.usedD.areused

42.Moretreesnextyear.

A.willbeplantedB.willplantC.haveplantedD.areplanting

43.—WhenthePeople’sRepublicofChina?

 —OnOctober1.1949.

A.did…foundB.was…foundC.was…foundedD.is…founded

44.Today,toomanytreesarestillintheworld.

A.cuttingdownB.cutdownC.beingcutdownD.cutted

45.ThiskindofmachineJapan.

A.ismadebyB.ismadefromC.ismadeinD.ismadeof

46.Theteachersaysthatthemanwill.

A.bewelltakencareB.welllookafterC.takecarewellD.bewelllookedafter

47.—Ithinktheshop.

       —No,It’sopen.Itatsix.

A.isclose…closeB.isclosed…closesC.closed…closesD.isclosed

48.Iwasastonished（吃惊）tohearthatthecolourTVset5,000yuan.

A.hascostB.costC.costedD.wascost

49.Greatchangesplacesincehecamehere.

A.havebeentakenB.havetakenC.hasbeentakenD.hastaken

50.Hewasseensomethingfromtheshop.

A.stealB.tostealC.tobestolenD.stealed

51.Shehasbyherclassmates.

A.laughedB.laughedatC.beenlaughedD.beenlaughedat

二.用正确的时态和语态填空

1.Nearlyeverybodyhere（know）whentheoldmuseum（build）.

2.Thebuildingcan（see）fromeverypartofthecity;It（build）manyyearsago.

3.YesterdayTom（tell）methathisbike（break）lastweek.

4.Thestudentsoften（tell）totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.

5.Nowhe（be）askedifthemeeting（hold）nextFriday.

6.Itisknowntoallthatthemoon（turn）roundtheearth.

7.MissLioften（use）arecorderin