福建专升本语法时态语态.docx

福建专升本语法时态语态.docx

《福建专升本语法时态语态.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《福建专升本语法时态语态.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

福建专升本语法时态语态

大学英语（120m，150）

考试部分：

I.语法与词汇45

II.完型填空30

III.阅读30+15

IV.写作30

基础段：

词汇和语法

一本教材，一本词汇书（3000），若干练习

强化段：

完型，阅读，写作，

词汇

AttractiveUnattrativeunLucky

PossibleImpossible

InterviewerInterviewee

InternationalInteract

Trainertrainee

Employeremployee

Previewreview

一．时态

动词的变化：

原形动词，过去式，过去分词（pp）–ed，现在分词-ing，三单-s/es

Gowentgonegoinggoes

不规则变化:

Hanghunghung悬挂

hangedhanged绞死

Findfoundfound-ing

Foundfoundedfounded成立

Catchcaughtcaught

Seeksoughtsought

Seesawseen

Paypaidpaid

Thinkthoughtthought

Leaveleftleft

Beginbeganbegun

Teachtaughttaught

Meetmetmet

Lieliedliedlying

laylainlying

1.一般现在时

时间状语：

always,often,usually,everyyear/week/day/month,never,frequently,onSundays,sometimes

动词变化+s,es

Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.

Healwaysgetsupat9onSundays.

特殊考点

主（句）将从（句）现：

表示时间，条件assoonas,when,after,if,unless,evenif

Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwillnotgothere.

Assoonasyouarrivehere,callmepls.

2.现在进行时

be+-ing（amisare/waswere）

Now,atthemoment,atpresent

Wearelyingthere.

WearehavinganEnglishclass.

考点：

1）状态和感觉

Iloveyou.

Iamlovingit.赞赏

Shealwayscooksterriblefood.

SheISalwaysCOOKINGterriblefood.

Heisalwaysfindingfaultwiththeemployees.

2）进行时表将来时come,go,leave,see

Heiscoming.

Iamleavingtomorrow.

3）现在完成时

动作从过去开始，持续到现在。

动作已经结束，对现在有影响。

Has/have+done

Sofar,到目前为止

uptonow,到目前为止

just，already

since+点时，

for+段时

HehaslearnedEnglishfor3years./since3yearsago/

现在完成时过去时

Ihavehadmybreakfast.

Ihadmybreakfastat8.

Hehasjustboughtacarofhisown.

Ihavejustarrived.

短暂性动词（过去时）和延续性动词（完成时）

Die

Hehasdiedfor3years.（X）

Hediedthreeyearsago.（V）

Hehasbeendeadforthreeyears.

Iboughtthebookforaweekago.

Ihavehadthebookforaweek.

4）一般过去时

动词过去式+ed

Ago,yesterday,

lasttime/week/year/month

before,

In1993,atthattime,when

Hearrivedhereyesterday.

Ihadafightwithhimlastweek.

Itrainedheavilythedaybeforeyesterday.

考点：

usedtodo/be

BEusedtoDOING/sth

Beusedtodo被用来做。

。

。

Iusedtobelarge/heavy.ButIlostweight.

HeusedtowatchTV/smokealot.

Iusedtoeatalot.ButIamusedtoeatingmuchless.

5）过去进行时

was/were+Ving

过去的具体时间

allafternoon/allmorningat3yesterday/while/when

Iwaswatchingamovieyesterdaymorningat10.

IwaswatchingTVwhilehewascooking.

Iwassleepingwhenthetelephonerang.

6）过去完成时：

过去的过去had+done

过去时

Beforeafterwhen

BeforeI　wenthome,Ihadfinishedallmywork.

AfterIhadtriedhard,Igotahighmark.

考点：

1）by+过去时间

By2005，theyhadfinishedthebridge.

Bythismorning,itwasreportedthat150peoplehadbeendead.

2）固定句型

Nosooner…than一…就

Hardly…when一…就

Ihadnosoonerleftthanitbegantorain.

Ihadhardlyleftwhenitbegantorain.

7）一般将来时

时间状语：

tomorrow,nextyear/month/thedayaftertomorrow,in2020,thisafternoon

Begoingto/willdo（主观意愿）/betodo/beabouttodo

Itisabouttorain.

Heistoleave.=heisleaving

8）将来进行时

Willbedoing（计划好，安排好的事情）

Willyoutakepartinthepartytomorrow?

（主观意愿）

Willyoubetakingpartintheparty?

（客观表达）

9）将来完成时

Willhavedone

By+将来时间by+2020

Thistime+将来时间

Thistimenextyear

In+一段时间

In3years

Thistimenextyear,youwillhavebeenacceptedbytheuniversity.

Bytheendofnextmonth,Iwillhavefinished3novels.

Theworkerswillhavefinishedthesubwayinthreeyears.

10）现在完成进行时

Has/havebeendoing

Ithasbeenrainingfortendays.

Ithasrainedfortendays.

Ihavethoughtaboutit.

Ihavebeenthinkingaboutit.

HehasbeenlearningEnglishfor10years.

Ihavebeenclimbingfor5years.

Ihaveclimbed20mountains.

Hehasbeeneatinghamburgerssince8.

Hehaseaten10hamburgers.

表示次数，数量只能用现在完成时

Hehastalkedto8guys.

语态

主动语态被动语态

A——do（及物动词）——B

B—（Be+done）—byA

Herepairsmycar.

Mycarisrepairedbyhim.

Heisrepairingmycar.

Mycarisbeingrepairedbyhim.

Herepairedmycar.

Mycarwasrepairedbyhim.

Hehasrepairedmycar.

Mycarhasbeenrepairedbyhim.

Hehadrepairedmycar.

Mycarhadbeenrepairedbyhim.

Hewillrepairmycar.

Mycarwillberepairedbyhim.

Hecanrepairmycar.

Mycarcanberepairedbyhim.

do----bedone

原助动词后加上be的适当形式

Willrepair

Willberepaired

Haverepaired

Havebeenrepaired

Isrepairing

Isbeingrepaired

Ibeatyou.

Youarebeatenbyme.

Anearthquake（A）happened（V不及物动词）thismorning.

Heresembleshisfatherverymuch.

Theclassconsistsof200students.

被动语态

Herepairsmycar.

Mycarisrepairedbyhim.

Mycarisbeingrepairedbyhim.

A（主语）do（及物动词）B（宾语）（主动语态）

Bbe+donebyA

1）Ado（不及物）

没有被动

Sbhappensth（X）

Sthhappentosb（V）

Acaraccidenthappedtohimyesterday.

Breakout

Heresembleshisfather.

Theclassconsistsof200students.

2）双宾to

Igavehim（间宾）somemoney（直宾）.

Give/send/tell/showsbsth.双宾

Sthbegiventosb

Somemoneywasgiventohimbyme.

Sbbegivensth.

Hewasgivensomemoneybyme.

Myfathersentmeabooklastweek.

Abookwassenttomebymyfatherlastweek.

Iwassentabookbyyfatherlastweek.

3）感官动词see/hear/feel/watch/listentosbDOsth

Isawhimgoout.

使役动词make/have/letsbdosth

Imadehimcleantheroom.

Sbbeseen/madeTOdosth

HewasseenTOgoout.

HewasmadeTOcleantheroom

Iheardhimsing.

HewasheardTOsing.

4）主动表被动

Thedooropenseasily.

TheT-shirtwasheseasily.

Thebooksellswell.

Weartaste

Thecaketastesgood.

5）wantneed需要Ving

deserveBeworth值得

Thewindowneedscleaning.

Themovieisworthwatching.

6）表语形容词后

Englishiseasytolearn.

Thearticleiseasytounderstand.

Heishardtoplease.

7）介词

Byme

MadeinChina

原材料From

Of

With工具手段

Orangego

Orangesgoes

心理状态或情感

Satisfy/disappoint/surprise/

excite/

Besatisfied/disappointed形容词感到满意

Iamsurprised.

Getdone=bedone