考研1987年考研英语真题.docx
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考研1987年考研英语真题
1987年考研英语真题
SectionIStructureandVocabulary
Ineachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.Putyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.（10points）
EXAMPLE:
Iwascaught________therainyesterday.
[A]in
[B]by
[C]with
[D]at
ANSWER:
[A]
1.Theskyscraperstandsout________thebluesky.
[A]in
[B]against
[C]under（B）
[D]beneath
2.Theyhavealwaysbeenongood________withtheirnext-doorneighbors.
[A]friendship
[B]relations
[C]connection（D）
[D]terms
3.Hello!
Isthat21035?
Pleaseputme________tothemanager.
[A]across
[B]up
[C]through（C）
[D]over
4.Whydoyoulookso________?
Youneversmileorlookcheerful.
[A]miserable
[B]unfortunate
[C]sorry（A）
[D]rude
5.Eggs,thoughnourishing,have________offatcontent.
[A]largenumber
[B]alargenumber
[C]thehighamount（D）
[D]ahighamount
6.Jimalways________hisclassmatesinadebate.
[A]backsout
[B]backsaway
[C]backsup（C）
[D]backsdown
7.Mostofthepeoplewho________twoworldwarsarestronglyagainstarmsrace.
[A]havelivedout
[B]havelivedthrough
[C]havelivedon（B）
[D]havelivedoff
8.Therearemanyinconveniencesthathavetobe________whenyouarecamping.
[A]putup
[B]putupwith
[C]putoff（B）
[D]putaway
9.Isittruethatthoseoldhousesarebeingpulleddown________newofficeblocks?
[A]toaccommodate
[B]toprovidefor
[C]toincrease（D）
[D]tomakeroomfor
10.Beinginnogreathurry,________.
[A]wewentthelongroutewithscenery
[B]thelong,scenicroutewasourpreference
[C]wetookthelongscenicroute（C）
[D]ourpreferencewastakingthelong,scenicroute
SectionIIReadingComprehension
Eachofthreepassagesbelowisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers,readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.（15points）
Text1
Forcenturiesmendreamedofachievingverticalflight.In400A.D.Chinesechildrenplayedwithafan-liketoythatspunupwardsandfellbacktoearthasrotationceased.LeonardodaVinciconceivethefirstmechanicalapparatus,calleda“Helix,”whichcouldcarrymanstraightup,butwasonlyadesignandwasnevertested.
Theancient-dreamwasfinallyrealizedin1940whenaRussianengineerpilotedastrangelookingcraftofsteeltubingwitharotatingfanontop.Itroseawkwardlyandverticallyintotheairfromastandingstart,hoveredafewfeetabovetheground,wentsidewaysandbackwards,andthensettledbacktoearth.Thevehiclewascalledahelicopter.
Imaginationswerefired.Mendreamedofgoingtoworkintheirownpersonalhelicopters.Peopleanticipatethatverticalflighttransportswouldcarrymillionsofpassengersasdotheairlinersoftoday.Suchfantasticexpectationswerenotfulfilled.
Thehelicopterhasnowbecomeanextremelyusefulmachine.Itexcelsinmilitarymissions,carryingtroops,gunsandstrategicinstrumentswhereotheraircraftcannotgo.Corporationsusethemasairborneoffices,manymetropolitanareasusetheminpolicework,constructionandloggingcompaniesemploytheminvariousadvantageousways,engineersusethemforsiteselectionandsurveying,andoilcompaniesusethemasthebestwaytomakeoffshoreandremoteworkstationsaccessibletocrewsandsupplies.Anyurgentmissiontoahard-to-get-toplaceisalikelytaskforahelicopter.Amongtheirothermultitudeofused:
deliverpeopleacrosstown,flytoandfromairports,assistinrescuework,andaidinthesearchformissingorwantedpersons.
11.Peopleexpectthat________.
[A]theairlinersoftodaywouldeventuallybereplacedbyhelicopters
[B]helicopterswouldsomedaybeabletotransportlargenumberofpeoplefromplacetoplaceasairlinersarenowdoing
[C]theimaginationsfiredbytheRussianengineer’sinventionwouldbecomearealityinthefuture（B）
[D]theirfantasticexpectationsabouthelicopterscouldbefulfilledbyairlinersoftoday
12.Helicoptersworkwiththeaidof________.
[A]acombinationofrotatingdevicesinfrontandontop
[B]arotatingdevicetopside
[C]onerotatingfaninthecenteroftheaircraftandothersateachend（B）
[D]arotatingfanunderneathforlifting
13.Whatissaidaboutthedevelopmentofthehelicopter?
[A]Helicoptershaveonlybeenworkedonbymansince1940.
[B]Chinesechildrenwerethefirsttoachieveflightinhelicopters.
[C]Helicopterswereconsideredmoredangerousthantheearlyairplanes.（D）
[D]Somepeoplethoughttheywouldbecomewidelyusedbyaverageindividuals.
14.Howhastheuseofhelicoptersdeveloped?
[A]Theyhavebeenwidelyusedforvariouspurposes.
[B]Theyaretakingtheplaceofhigh-flyingjets.
[C]Theyareusedforrescuework.（A）
[D]Theyarenowusedexclusivelyforcommercialprojects.
15.Underwhatconditionsarehelicoptersfoundtobeabsolutelyessential?
[A]Foroverseaspassengertransportation.
[B]Forextremelyhighaltitudeflights.
[C]Forhigh-speedtransportation.（D）
[D]Forurgentmissiontoplacesinaccessibletootherkindsofcraft.
Text2
InancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrongreligiousassociations.TheOlympianathleticfestivalheldeveryfouryearsinhonorofZeus,kingoftheOlympianGods,eventuallylostitslocalcharacter,becamefirstanationaleventandthen,aftertherulesagainstforeigncompetitorshadbeenabolished,international.NooneknowsexactlyhowfarbacktheOlympicGamesgo,butsomeofficialrecordsdatefrom776B.C.ThegamestookplaceinAugustontheplainbyMountOlympus.ManythousandsofspectatorsgatheredfromallpartsofGreece,butnomarriedwomanwasadmittedevenasaspectator.Slaves,womenanddishonoredpersonswerenotallowedtocompete.Theexactsequenceofeventsuncertain,buteventsincludedboy’sgymnastics,boxing,wrestling,horseracingandfieldevents,thoughtherewerefewersportsinvolvedthaninthemodernOlympicGames.
OnthelastdayoftheGames,allthewinnerswerehonoredbyhavingaringofholyoliveleavesplacedontheirheads.Sogreatwasthehonorthatthewinnerofthefootracegavehisnametotheyearofhisvictory.AlthoughOlympicwinnersreceivednoprizemoney,theywere,infact,richlyrewardedbytheirstateauthorities.Howtheirresultscomparedwithmodernstandards,weunfortunatelyhavenomeansoftelling.
Afteranuninterruptedhistoryofalmost1,200years,theGamesweresuspendedbytheRomansin394A.D.TheycontinuedforsuchalongtimebecausepeoplebelievedinthephilosophybehindtheOlympics:
theideathatahealthybodyproducedahealthymind,andthatthespiritofcompetitioninsportsandgameswaspreferabletothecompetitionthatcausedwars.Itwasover1,500yearsbeforeanothersuchinternationalathleticgatheringtookplaceinAthensin1896.
Nowadays,theGamesareheldindifferentcountriesinturn.Thehostcountryprovidesvastfacilities,includingastadium,swimmingpoolsandlivingaccommodation,butcompetingcourtierspaytheirownathletes’expenses.
TheOlympicsstartwiththearrivalinthestadiumofatorch,lightedonMountOlympusbythesun’srays.Itiscarriedbyasuccessionofrunnerstothestadium.ThetorchsymbolizedthecontinuationoftheancientGreekathleticideals,anditburnsthroughouttheGamesuntiltheclosingceremony.Thewell-knownOlympicflag,however,isamodernconception:
thefiveinterlockingringssymbolizetheunitingofallfivecontinentsparticipatingintheGames.
16.InancientGreece,theOlympicGames________.
[A]weremerelynationalathleticfestivals
[B]wereinthenatureofanationaleventwithastrongreligiouscolour
[C]hadruleswhichputforeignparticipantsinadisadvantageousposition（B）
[D]wereprimarilynationaleventswithfewforeignparticipants
17.IntheearlydaysofancientOlympicGames________.
[A]onlymaleGreekathleteswereallowedtoparticipateinthegames
[B]allGreeks,irrespectiveofsex,religionorsocialstatus,wereallowedtotakepart
[C]allGreeks,withtheexceptionofwomen,wereallowedtocompeteinGames（A）
[D]allmaleGreekswerequalifiedtocompeteintheGames
18.TheorderofathleticeventsattheancientOlympics________.
[A]hasnotdefinitelybeenestablished
[B]variedaccordingtothenumberofforeigncompetitors
[C]wasdecidedbyZeus,inwhosehonortheGameswereheld（A）
[D]wasconsideredunimportant
19.Modernathletes’resultscannotbecomparedwiththoseofancientrunnersbecause________.
[A]theGreekshadnomeansofrecordingtheresults
[B]theyaremuchbetter
[C]detailssuchasthetimewerenotrecordedinthepast（C）
[D]theyaremuchworse
20.Nowadays,theathletes’expensesarepaidfor________.
[A]outoftheprizemoneyofthewinners
[B]outofthefundsraisedbythecompetingnations
[C]bytheathletesthemselves（B）
[D]bycontributions
Text3
Insciencethemeaningoftheword“explain”sufferswithcivilization’severystepinsearchofreality.Sciencecannotreallyexplainelectricity,magnetism,andgravitation;theireffectscanbemeasuredandpredicted,butoftheirnaturenomoreisknowntothemodernscientistthantoThaleswhofirstlookedintothenatureoftheelectrificationofamber,ahardyellowish-browngum.Mostcontemporaryphysicistsrejectthenotionthatmancaneverdiscoverwhatthesemysteriousforces“really”are.“Electricity,”BertrandRussellsays,“isnotathing,likeSt.Paul’sCathedral;itisawayinwhichthingsbehave.Whenwehavetoldhowthingsbehavewhentheyareelectrified,andunderwhatcircumstancestheyareelectrified,wehavetoldalltherei
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