商务英语专业四级考试术语解释.docx

商务英语专业四级考试术语解释.docx

《商务英语专业四级考试术语解释.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《商务英语专业四级考试术语解释.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

商务英语专业四级考试术语解释

商务英语专业四级考试术语解释

1.globalcompany：

跨国公司

--acompanythatintegratesitsinternationalbizactivities

--Amultinationalcorporationormultinationalenterpriseisanorganization，thatownedorcontrolsproductionsofgoodsorservicesinoneormorecountriesotherthanthehomecountry.（维基百科）

2.jointventure：

合资公司

--apartnershipthatisformedbytwoormorepartiescooperatinginsomespecialbizactivities.

--abusinessorprojectinwhichtwoormorecompaniesorindividualshaveinvested，withtheintentionofworkingtogether.（柯林斯词典）

3.merger&acquisition：

并购

--combiningoftwoormoreentitiesthroughthedirectacquisitionbythenetassetsoftheother.

--transactionsinwhichtheownershipofcompanies，otherbusinessorganizationsortheiroperatingunitsaretransferredorcombined.

4.distributionchannel：

分销渠道；销售渠道

--alltheorganizationsandpeopleinvolvedinthephysicalmovementofgoodsandservicesfromproducertoconsumer.

5.listedcompany：

上市公司

--acompanywhoseshareshavebeenquotedbytheStockExchange.

--Apubliccompany，publiclytradedcompany，publiclyheldcompany，publiclylistedcompany，orpubliccorporationisacorporationwhoseownershipisdispersedamongthegeneralpublicinmanysharesofstockwhicharefreelytradedonastockexchangeorinoverthecountermarkets场外交易市场.（维基百科）

6.Industrialcomplex：

工业生产基地

--amanufacturingareathatconsistsofmanydifferentfactoriesturningoutdifferentproducts.

7.brandrecognition：

品牌认知（度）；品牌辨认

--aproductorproductsthathasorhavebeenrecognizedandappreciatedbylocalconsumers.

8.specialtyshop：

专卖店

--anoutletthatdealsinorsellsaparticularlineofproducts.

9.householdname家喻户晓名字

--abrand，person，company，etc.thatisknowntoallorverypopularinaplace.

10.loss-maker：

亏损公司

--abizthatcontinuallymakesnoprofit.

11.homecountry：

祖国，母国

--thecountryonwhichamultinationalcorporation’sHQsisbased.

12.quota：

配额，定额，限额

--arestrictiononthequantityofimportsofaparticularproductthatacountryimpose.

13.marketeconomy：

市场经济

--aneconomyinwhichthemarketisusedtodetermineresourceallocation，prices，andinvestments.

14.neweconomy：

新经济

--adifferentformofeconomythatismainlysupportedbyITsectorandcharacterizedbyknowledge-basedeconomyinsteadofmanufacturing.

--aneconomicsystemthatisbasedoncomputersandmoderntechnology，andisthereforedependentoneducatedworkers.（朗文词典）

15.laborforce：

劳动力

--allofthepeopleinacountryorinaregionthatareemployedorarelikelytobeemployedinthefuture.

16.bubbleeconomy：

--aneconomythatprimarilydependsonbanking，financialmarketandothertransient短暂operation.

17.venturecapital：

风险资本

--fundsthatareinvestedinnewplantsorhi-techstartupsopentolargeriskofloss.

--Venturecapitaliscapitalthatisinvestedinprojectsthathaveahighriskoffailure，butthatwillbringlargeprofitsiftheyaresuccessful.（柯林斯词典）

18.bizcycle：

商业周期

--Aperiodoftimethatabizgoesthroughconsistsoffourstages---boom繁华，recession衰退，depression萧条，recovery复苏.

19.stockmarket：

股票交易；证券市场，股票市场

--astockexchangethatdealsinstocksandshares.

--thebusinessofbuyingandsellingstocksandshares.

--aplacewherestocksandsharesareboughtandsold.（朗文词典）

20.productlifecycle：

产品生命周期

--atheorystatingthatcertainkindsofproductsgothroughacycleconsistingoffourstages，namely，introduction投入期，growth成长期，maturity饱和期anddecline衰退期.

21.Seedmoney=seedcapital启动资金

--theinitialequitycapital股本usedtostartanewventureorbiz.

--themoneyyouhaveavailabletostartanewbusiness.（朗文词典）

22.liquidity流动资产

--availablecashorthecapacitytoobtainitondemand.

--Infinance，acompany'sliquidityistheamountofcashorliquidassetsithaseasilyavailable.资产折现力

23.exchangerate汇率

--theamountofonecurrencythatcanbeboughtwithanother.

--thevalueofthemoneyofonecountrycomparedtothemoneyofanothercountry。

24.multinationalcompany跨国公司

--averylargeorganizationthatownscompaniesinmorethanonecountryinordertoobtainlow-costrawmaterialsandmakeefficientuseofalocalworkforce.

25.moneymarket货币市场，金融市场

--theinstitutionsandpracticesthroughwhichshort-termfundsarechanneledtoborrowersandentrepreneurs.

--Acountry'smoneymarketconsistsofallthebanksandotherorganizationsthatdealwithshort-termloans，capital，andforeignexchange.（柯林斯词典）

--allthebanksandotherinstitutionsthatbuy，sell，lend，orborrowmoney，especiallyforeignmoney，forprofit.（朗文词典）

26.collateral担保物，抵押品

--propertyoranitemofvalueacceptableassecurity抵押品foraloanorotherobligation.被接受作为抵押或其她义务担保财产

--propertyorothergoodsthatyoupromisetogivesomeoneifyoucannotpaybackthemoneytheylendyou.（朗文词典）

27.Dow-JonesIndustrialAverage道琼斯工业平均指数

--anindexofthesharepricesquotedontheNewYorkStockExchangeforagroupof30leadingindustrialcompanies.

28.Bluechip蓝筹股，优质股票

--astockthatsellsathighpricebecauseofpublicconfidenceinitslongrecordofsteadyearnings.

29.Nasdaq：

纳斯达克

--nationalassociationofsecuritiesdealersautomatedquotations.全国证券交易商自动报价系统协会

--TheNasdaqStockMarketisanAmericanstockexchange.Itisthesecond-largestexchangeintheworldbymarketcapitalization，behindonlytheNewYorkStockExchange纽约证券交易所locatedinthesamecity.（维基百科）

30.（insurance）policy保险单

--theprintedlegaldocumentstatingthetermsofinsurancecontractthatisissuedtothepolicyholder投保人bycompany

31.publicrelations公共关系，公关

--PR，theactivityofkeepinggoodrelationshipsbetweenanorganizationandthepeopleoutsideit.

32.depression：

萧条，不景气

--aperiodofdrasticdeclineinanationalorinternationaleconomy，characterizedbydecreasingbizactivity，fallingprices，andunemployment.国家（或国际）经济不景气一段时期，其特性是商业活动减少、价格下降、失业。

33.Tradedeficit贸易赤字

--importsminusexportsofgoodsandservices.

34.Speculation投机

--engagementsinriskybiztransactionsonthechancesofquickorconsiderableprofit

35.Valueaddedtax增值税

--anindirecttaximposedonconsumptionthatisreflectiveoftheincremental增值increasesonthevalueofgoodsthroughthechainofproduction，fromtherawmaterialphasetofinalconsumption.增值税是向消费征收间接税，它反映了商品从原材料到最后消费整个生产过程中增长值。

36.Fairtrade公平贸易

--tradethatconformstoafair-tradeagreement

37.Subsidy补贴

--apaymentorcontributionpaidforthemanufacture，production，orexportofagoodorproduct.

--financialbenefitdirectorindirectfromgovernmenttoproducersorexporters.

38.Rebate减税，折扣

--adeductionfromanamounttobepaidorareturnofpartofanamountgiveninpayment.

39.taxexemption免税

--thefreedomforhavingtopaytax

40.FDI外国直接投资

--thefundscommittedtoaforeignenterprise.Aninvestorwhobuys10percentormoreofthecontrollingsharesofaforeignenterprisemakesadirectinvestment.Theinvestormaygainpartialortotalcontroloftheenterprise.

41.freetrade自由贸易

--tradebetweennationswithoutprotectivecustomstariff.

42.tariff关税

--dutiesoradutyimposedbyagovernmentonimportedorexportedgoods.

43.globalization全球化

--theincreasingworldwideintegrationofmarketsforgoods，servicesandcapitalthatattractedspecialattentioninthelate1990s.

44.anti-dumpingduty反倾销税

--tariffleviedondumpedimports.

45.tradebarrier贸易壁垒

--anybarrierthatmayimpedetheimportofgoods，suchasquota，testingorcertification.

46.importsubstitution进口代替

--astrategywhichemphasizesthereplacementofimportswithdomesticallymadegoods，ratherthantheproductionofgoodsforexport，toencouragethedevelopmentofdomesticindustry.

47.arbitration仲裁

--theprocessbywhichthepartiestoadisputesubmittheirdifferencestothejudgmentofanimpartialpersonoragroupappointedbymutualconsentorstatutoryprovision（指定条款）

48.balancesheet资产负债表，缩写B.S.

--afinancialstatementthatreportstheassetsandequitiesofacompanyataparticulartime.一种公司或机构在指定日期资产、负债和所有者投资列表阐明。

49.return收益

--aprofitoryield，asfromlabororinvestment.

50.cashflow钞票流

--Thecashreceiptsornetincomefromoneormoreassetsforagivenperiod，reckonedaftertaxesandotherdisbursements，andoftenusedasameasureofcorporateworth.

钞票流出量：

在特定一段时间内来自一项或数项财产，扣除税收和其他支付金额外所得钞票收入或净收入，惯用来衡量公司价值

51.labor-intensive劳动密集型

--requiringorhavingalargeexpenditureoflaborincomparisontocapital

52.netearnings净收益，净赚钱

--thenetprofitafterallcostsandexpenseshavebeendeducted.

53.productivity生产力

--therateatwhichgoodsorservicesareproduced，especiallyoutputperunitoflabor.

54.marketshare市场份额

--theproportionoftotalsalesvolumesofacertainmarketthatacompanycaptures.

55.workforce劳动力，工人总数：

thegroupofpeoplewhoworkinanindustry，company，country.

56.incomedisparity：

inequalityinincomedistribution.

57.equity资产，股本：

commonstock普通股andpreferredstock优先股whichrepresentownershiptoabizorganization

58.outsource外协生产：

tofarmout包出（work，forexample）toanoutsideproviderormanufacturerinordertocutcost.外界供应：

为缩减开支而把（如工作）包给外界供应者或生产者

59.leadtime订货至交货时间

--theperiodoftimebetweentheactualorderingofpartsorequipmentandthedeliveryofthem.

60.acquisition收购

--whenacompanytakesoveranotheroneandclearlybecomesthenewowner，thepurchaseiscalledanacquisition，alsocalledtakeoverorbuyout.

61.initialpublicoffering（IPO）初次公开发行

--privatecompany’sfirstofferofitsstocktothepublic

62.merger合并

--theunionorcombinationoftwoormorecommercialinterestsorcorporations.

63.liquiditysqueeze流动性短缺，头寸紧张

--financialpressurecausedbyshortagesofnarrowingeconomicmargins.

--areductioninthegeneralavailabilityofl