四级单词常用后缀表.doc
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新四级单词常用后缀表附一四级
11
常用后缀
1.名词后缀
1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:
做某件事情或职业的人或物:
worker,debtor
2)-acy,表示"性质,状态,境遇"democracy,accuracy,diplomacy
3)-ance,-ence表示"性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度”importance,diligence,difference,obedience
4)-ancy,-ency,表示"性质,状态,行为,过程"frequency,urgency,efficiency,
5)-bility,表示"动作,性质,状态"possibility,flexibility,feasibility,
6)-dom,表示"等级,领域,状态"freedom,kingdom,wisdom
7)-hood,表示"资格,身份,年纪,状态"childhood,manhood,falsehood
8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示"行为的过程,结果,状况"action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction
9)-ism,表示"制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为"socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism
10)-ity,表示"性质,状态,程度”purity,reality,ability,calamity
11)-ment,表示"行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument
12)-ness,表示"性质,状态,程度"goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness
13)-ship,表示"情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业”hardship,membership,friendship
14)-th,表示"动作,性质,过程,状态"depth,wealth,truth,length,growth
15)-tude,表示"性质,状态,程度"latitude,altitude(海拔)
16)-ure,表示"行为,结果"exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续),
17-grapy,表示"……学,写法”biography,calligraphy,geography
18)-ic,ics,表示"……学……法"logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics
19)-ology,表示"……学……论”biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)
20)-nomy,表示"……学……术"astronomy,economy,bionomy(生态学)
2.形容词后缀
(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义
1)-able,-ible,visible,flexible
2)名词-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(注意accomplish,vanish)
3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive
4)-like,manlike,childlike
5)名词-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly
6)-some,troublesome,handsome
7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful
8)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various
9)-ent,violent
10)-most,foremost,topmost
(11)less,表示否定,countless,stainless,wireless
3.动词后缀
1)-ize,ise,表示"做成,变成,……化“modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize
2)-en,表示"使成为,引起,使有”quicken,weaken,soften,harden
3)-fy,表示"使……化,使成”beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify
4)-ish,表示"使,令”finish,abolish,diminish,establish
5)-ate,表示“成为……,处理,作用”separate,operate,indicate
4.副词后缀
(形容词)-ly:
bad→badly坏地/恶劣地,careful→carefully小心地
-wise(OE):
clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地);like→likewise同样地
-wards:
out→outwards向外面地,north→northwards向北方地
附录二:
一百个英语四级常考短语
1.atthethoughtof一想到…
2.asawhole(=ingeneral)就整体而论
3.atwill随心所欲
4.(be)abundantin(berichin;bewellsuppliedwith)富于,富有
5.access(to)(不可数名词) 解
6.byaccident(=bychance,accidentally)偶然地,意外.Withoutaccident(=safely)安全地,
7.ofone’sownaccord(=withoutbeingasked;willingly;freely)自愿地,主动地
8.inaccordwith与…一致.
outofone’saccordwith同….不一致
9.withoneaccord(=witheverybodyagreeing)一致地
10.inaccordancewith(=in )依照,根据
11.onone’sownaccount
1)为了某人的缘故, 利益
2)(=atone’sownrisk)自行负责
3)(=byoneself)依靠自己
12.take…intoaccount(=consider)把...考虑进去
13.givesb.anaccountof说明,解释(理由)
14.accountfor(=giveanexplanationorreasonfor)解释,说明.
15.onaccountof(=becauseof)由于,因为.
16.onnoaccount(=innocase,fornoreason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)
17.accuse…of…(=charge…with;blamesb.forsth.;blamesth.onsb.;complainabout)指控,控告
18.beaccustomedto(=beinthehabitof,beusedto)习惯于.
19.be (=tohaveknowledgeof)了解;(=tohavemetsocially)熟悉
20.acton奉行,按照…行动;actas扮演;actfor代理
21.adaptoneselfto(=adjustoneselfto)使自己适应于
22.adapt…(for)(=makesth.Suitableforanewneed)改编,改写(以适应新的需要)
23.inaddition(=besides)此外,又,加之
24.inadditionto(=aswellas,besides,otherthan)除…外
25.adhereto(=abideby,conformto,complywith,clingto,insiston,persistin,observe,opinion,belief)粘附;坚持遵循
26.adjacent(=nextto,closeto)毗邻的,临近的
27.adjust..(to)(=changeslightly)调节;适应;
28.admitof(=becapableof,leaveroomfor)…的可能,留有…的余地.
29.inadvance(beforeintime)预告,事先.
30.toadvantage有利的,使优点更加突出地.
31.haveanadvantageover胜过.
havetheadvantageof由于…处于有利条件
havetheadvantageofsb.知道某人所不知道的事
32.takeadvantageof(=makethebestof,utilize,makeuseof,profitfrom,harness)利用.
33.agreewith赞同(某人意见)agreeto同意
34.inagreement(with)同意,一致
35.aheadof在…之前,超过…;…………….aheadoftime提前.
36.intheair1)不肯定,不具体.2)在谣传中.
37.aboveall(=especially,mostimportantofall)尤其是,最重要的.
38.inall(=countingeveryoneoreverything,altogether)总共,总计
39.afterall毕竟,到底;(not)atall一点也不;
allatonce(=suddenly)突然;onceandforall只此一次;aboveall最重要的;firstofall首先;allinall大体上说;beallin累极了;allbut几乎.
40.allowfor(=takeintoconsideration,takeintoaccount)考虑到,估计到.
41.amountto(=tobeequalto)总计,等于.
42.answerfor(undertakeresponsibilityfor,beliablefor,takechargefor)对…负责.
43.answerto(=conformto)适合,符合.
44.beanxiousabout为…焦急不安;或anxiousfor
45.apologizetosb.forsth.为…向…道歉
46.appealtosb.forsth.为某事向某人呼吁.appealtosb.对某人有吸引力
47.applytosb.forsth.为…向…申请;applyfor申请;applyto适用.
48.applyto与…有关;适用
49.approveof(=consentto,beinfavorof,favor,agreeto,considergood,right)赞成,approvevt.批准
50.arisefrom(=becausedby)由…引起.
51.arrangeforsb./sth.todosth.安排…做…
52.arriveon到达;arriveat到达某地(小地方);得出,作出;arrivein到达某地(大地方);
53.beashamedof(=feelshame,guiltorsorrowbecauseofsth.done)以…为羞耻
54.assuresb.ofsth.(=trytocausetobelieveortrustinsth.)向…保证,使…确信.
55.attach(to)(=tofix,fasten;join)缚,系,结
56.makeanattemptatdoingsth.(todosth.)试图做…
57.attendto(=giveone’sattention,careandthought)注意,照顾;attendon(upon)(=waitupon,serve,lookafter)侍候,照料
58.attitudeto/toward…对…的态度.看法
59.attribute…to…(=tobelievesth.tobetheresultof…)把..归因于..,认为..是..的结果
60.ontheaverage(=onaverage,onanaverage)平均
61.(be)awareof(=beconsciousof,havingknowledgeorconsciousness)意识到,知道.
62.atthebackof(=behind)在…后面
63.inthebackof在…后部(里面);onthebackof在…后部(外面);beonone’sback(=beillinbed)卧病不起.
64.atone’sback(=supportingorfavoringsb.)支持,维护;havesb.atone’sback有…支持,有…作后台
65.turnone’sbackonsb.(=turnawayfromsb.inanimpoliteway)不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃
66.behindone’sback背着某人(说坏话)
67.bebasedon/upon基于
68.onthebasisof根据…,在…基础上
69.beat…at在…运动项目上打赢
70.beginwith以…开始.tobeginwith(=firstofall)首先,第一(经常用于开始语)
71.onbehalfof(=astherepresentativeof)以…名义
72.believein(=havefaithortrustin;considersth./sb.tobetrue)相信,依赖,信仰.
73.benefit(from)受益,得到好处.
74.forthebenefitof为了…的利益(好处)
75.forthebetter好转
76.getthebetterof(=defeatsb.)打败,胜过.
77.bybirth在出生上,论出身,按血统atbirth在出生时;
givebirthto出生
78.blamesb.forsth.因…责备某人.
blamesth.onsb.把…推在某人身上
79.inblossom开花(指树木)beinblossom开花(强调状态)
comeintoblossom开花(强调动作)
80.onboard到船上,在船上,上火车或飞机
81.boastof(orabout)吹嘘
82.outofbreath喘不过气来
83.inbrief(=inasfewwordsaspossible)简言之
84.inbulk成批地,不散装的
85.takethefloor起立发言
86.onbusiness出差办事.
87.bebusywithsth.于某事。
bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事
88.lastbutone倒数第二.
89.butfor(=without)要不是.表示假设
90.buysth.for…money用多少钱买
91.becapableof能够,有能力
becapableofbeing+过去分词:
是能够被…的
92.inanycase(=forloveormoney,atanyrate,atanyprice,atanycost,whateverhappens;anyhow)无论如何
93.incase(=forfearthat)万一;
94.incaseof(=intheeventof)如果发生…万一
inthecaseof至于…,就…而言
95.innocase在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)
96.becautiousof谨防
97.centerone’sattentionon(=focusone’sattentionon)把某人的注意力集中在…上
98.becertainof(=besureof)有把握,一定.
99.forcertainof(=forsure)肯定地,有把握地