高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day 62.docx

高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day 62.docx

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高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day62

高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day62

Passage1

Aresearchhasshownthatnearly90percentoftrafficaccidentsarecausedbyhumanerrors.Soouraimisafullyautonomous（自动的）carthatgetsridofthecauseofmostaccidents:

thedriver.ResearcherHodgsonpointsout,“Forsafety,thefasteryoucanremovehumans,thebetter,evenifthereareunfortunatelyafewaccidentsfromnewcauses.It’saquestionofbalancingthenumberinjuredorkilledbyautonomousvehicleswiththepeoplewhoselivesarepotentiallysaved.”

It’sanideathatElonMusk,chiefexecutiveofelectriccarcompanyTeslaMotors,haslongbelieved.Hiscompanyisdeterminedtobethefirsttodeliverafullyautonomousvehicletoconsumers.Lastyear,MuskannouncedthatTesla’s2019goalwas“todoanexampledriveoffullautonomyallthewayfromL.A.toNewYork,andhavethecarparkitself.

However,evenTeslaadmitsthatthereareproblemstoovercome—thesoftwareneedsfurthervalidation（批准生效）andtheappropriateregulatoryapprovalneedstobeinplace.Indeed,recentcrashesofTeslavehiclesandGooglecarsconfirmthatthesoftwareisn’treadyyet.

TheUKgovernmentappearscommittedencouragingthedevelopmentofautonomousvehicles.It’ssupportingfourcitytrials,publishingtheModernTransportBilltoreduceredtapearoundtheirintroductionandadaptingthelegalsystemtotakeintoaccountproblemssuchasinsuranceliabilitywhenahumanisn’tincontrolofavehicle.

Theinsuranceindustryissimilarlyeagertohelpincreaseautonomyincars.AstheAssociationofBritishInsurerspointsout,“Nearly90percentofroadaccidentsarecausedbyhumanerrors.”Thiscostsmotorinsurersashocking$20millionperdayinclaims.

1.WhatdifficultydoesthecompanyTeslaMotorshave?

A.Thecompanylacksconfidencetomakenewcreations.

B.Newinventionsmaycausemoreinjuriesanddeaths.

C.Thesoftwareshouldbemadeofficiallyacceptable.

D.Thetrafficregulationhasprovedunreasonable.

2.WhatistheUKgovernment’sattitudetoautonomouscars?

A.Cautious.B.Positive.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.

3.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Insurancecompanieswouldliketosupportautonomouscars.

B.Humanmistakesmaybethekeycauseoftrafficaccidents.

C.Trafficaccidentswasteinsurancecompaniesquitealot.

D.Motoristsaresurprisedtohearaboutautonomouscars.

4.Thepurposeofwritingthetextisto________.

A.amusereaderswithfunnyexamples

B.showhisdeeploveforautonomouscars

C.introduceanewdevelopmentintechnology

D.provideapersuasiveargumentagainstautonomy

Passage2

Youarechattingwithfriendsonthephone,butyoucan’thelpbrowsingashoppingwebsiteinthemeantime.You’reeatinglunchaloneinthecanteen,butitonlyfeelsrightwhenyoustartplayingashowonyourphone—asifit’sanecessarysidedish.

Wenowliveinaworldthatbombardsuswithinformation.Itseemsunnaturaltodoonlyonethingatatime.It’sasifwe’reallsufferingfromwhatarecentQdailyarticlecalled“multitaskingOCD”（多任务强迫症）.

“Withnewsreducedto140charactersandcommunicationincreasinglymadebyemojis（表情符号）,wehavedevelopedtheabilitytofocusourattentiononseveralactivitiesanddevicesatthesametime.”SabyOtmani,founderofthewebsitePulpix,oncewrote,“Weneedlotsofstimuli（刺激元素）tokeepusinterestedandtofightoffboredom.”

Butperhaps“fightingoffboredom”isnottheonlyreason.Myownobsessionwithmultitaskingmainlycomesfromthefactthateveryonearoundmeseemstobeconstantlystudying.Eachminutewithoutnewinformationfeelslikeawasteoftime.SoIalwayshavemyheadphoneson,whetherI’mcommuting,exercisingorwalkinginthepark.I’mforeverlisteningtosomething—acourseonclassicalmusic,oronnewmediamanagement,andheavenknowswhatelse—justsoIcankeepupwiththeworld.

Peoplewhocan’tstayawayfromsocialmediaareknownasFOMO（fearofmissingout）.Theyhavetobeconstantlyupdatedaboutwhattheirfriendsaredoingandsaying.ButI’dguessthat“FOFO”betterdescribesme—“fearoffallingout”.Nomatterwhatyourreason,multitaskingisapartofmodernlife.Doyourbesttomakethemostoutofit.

1.Withtheexamplesinthefirstparagraph,theauthorintendsto________.

A.explainwhat“multitaskingOCD”islike

B.showhowbusytoday’slifeis

C.showthatpeopletodayoftenfeellost

D.showpeopleliketobefashionable

2.Whydopeoplelikemultitasking,accordingtoOtmani?

A.Theylackthepatiencetofinishonethingatatime.

B.Itcanhelpthemtocommunicatetheirideas.

C.Theyaremoreablethanthepastgeneration.

D.Itcanpreventthemfrombeingbored.

3.Theunderlinedword“obsession”isclosestinmeaningto“________”.

A.interestB.knowledgeC.understandingD.worry

4.Whyisthewritercrazyaboutmultitasking?

She________.

A.wantstostayaheadofherfriends

B.wantstohavesomethingtoshowoff

C.doesn’twanttogetleftbehindbyothers

D.thinksitisboringtodoonethingatatime

Passage3

Whenyouthinkaboutcoffeealternatives,garlicisprobablyoneofthelastthingsthatcomestomind,butthatisexactlytheingredientthatoneJapaneseinventorusedtocreateadrinkthatlooksandtasteslikecoffee.

　　74’year’oldYokitomoShimotai,acoffeeshopownerinAomoriPrefecture,Japan,claimsthathisunique“garliccoffee”istheresultofacookingblunderhemadeover30yearsago,whenheburnedasteakandgarlicwhilewaitingtablesatthesametime.Intriguedbythescorchedgarlic’saroma,hemasheditupwithaspoonandmixeditwithhotwater.Theresultingdrinklookedandtastedalotlikecoffee.Makingamentalnoteofhisdiscovery,Yokimotocarriedonwithhisjob,andonlystartedresearchinggarliccoffeeagainafterheretired.

　　Committedtoturninghisweirddrinkintoacommercialproduct,YokitomoShimotaispentyearsoptimizingtheformula,andaboutfiveyearsago,hefinallyachievedaresulthewassatisfiedwith.Tomakehisdissolvablegarlicgrounds,heroaststheclovesinanelectricoven,and,afterthey’vecooledoff,smashesthemintofineparticlesandpacksthemindripbags.

　　“Mydrinkisprobablytheworld’sfirstofitskind,”thegarliccoffeeinventortoldKyodoNews.“Itcontainsnocaffeinesoit’sgoodforthosewhowouldliketodrinkcoffeeatnightorpregnantwomen.”

　　“Thebitternessofburnedgarlicapparentlyhelpscreatethecoffee’likeflavor,”Shimotaiadds.Heclaimsthat,althoughhisgarliccoffeedoesgiveoffanaromaofroastedgarlic,itdoesn’tcausebadbreath,becausethegarlicisthoroughlycooked.Andifyoucangetpastthesmell,thedrinkapparentlydoestastealotlikeactualcoffee.

　　Ifdecafisn’tgoodenoughforyou,andyou’reinthemoodforsomethingnew,youcantryYokitomoShimotai’sgarliccoffeeathisshop,inthecityofNinohc,IwatePrefecture,orbuyyourowndripbagsforjust324yen（\

.8）.

1.Whichwordistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“blunder”inthesecondparagraph?

________

A.mistakeB.show

C.mixtureD.brand

2.Whoisnotsuitabletodrinkgarliccoffee?

________

A.Awomanbearingababy.

B.Astudenthavingtroublewithsleep.

C.Acleanerworkingonadayshift.

D.Ayoungladysickofgarlic.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotcharacteristicofgarliccoffee?

________

A.Itiscaffeine’free.

B.Garlicpowderdissolvesinwater.

C.Theburntgarliccreatesbitterness.

D.Itisanimprovementonagarlicdish.

4.WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribeYokitomoShimotai?

________

A.venturousandgreedy

B.innovativeandperseverant

C.hardworkingandcautious

D.observantandhelpful

Passage4

　　Ineversoonthenightnorseenastar;I'veseenneitherspringnorfallnorwinter.IwasbornattheendoftheReiningAge（刹车时代）,justastheEarth'srotation（旋转）wascomingtoafinalstop.

　　TheReininglastedfor42years,threeyearslongerthantheUnityGovernmenthadplanned.Mymotheroncetoldmeaboutthetimeourfamilywitnessedthelastsunset.TheSunhadeversoslowlycrepttowardthehorizon,almostasifithadstoppedmovingaltogether.Intheend,ittookthreedaysandthreenightstofinallyset.Naturally,thatwastheendofall"days"andall"nights".TheEasternHemisphere（半球）wascoveredinweaklightforalongtimethen,perhapsforadozenyearsorso—withtheSunhidingjustbeyondthehorizon—itsraysreflectedbyhalfofthesky.ItwasduringthatlongsunsetthatIwasborn.

　　Duskdidnotmeandarkness.TheNorthernHemispherewaslitupbytheEarthEngines.ThesegiantengineshadbeenraisedallacrossAsiaandNorthAmerica;onlythesolidplatesbeneaththosetwocontinentscouldresistthegreatpushingforcestheyexerted.Therewereabout12,000EarthEnginesbuiltanddistributedacrosstheAsianandAmericanplains.

　　Frommyhome1couldseethebrightplasmaplumes（等离子气柱）ofseveralhundredEarthEngines.Justimagineatitanicpalace,oneaslargeastheParthenonontheAcropolis.Nowimaginecountlesstitanicpillarsrisingfromthatpalace,reachingtotheheavens,eachreleasingbrilliant,bluish’whitelightlikeatitanicshiningtube.Andthenthereisyou;youareamicrobeonthepalace'sfloor.Thisonlybeginstopaintthepictureoftheworldwelivedin.

　　Thispicture,however,isnotyetcomplete.Inordertosurvivethemeltingtemperatureoftheexpandingsun,wehavetopushtheEarthawayfromit.First,theEarthmustbestoppedfromrotating.Onlytheforcesactingtangentially（正切地）totheEarth'srotationcouldslowit,sotheEarthEngineshadtobebuilttoaspecificangle.Thosegiganticpillarsoflightwereleaningtothat