最新深圳牛津八年级下unit知识点归纳和练习.docx
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最新深圳牛津八年级下unit知识点归纳和练习
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八年级下册
Unit1Helpingthoseinneed
一、词汇
单词
词性及词义
词汇拓展
raise
v.筹募,增加,提高,饲养
近义词:
putup举起;提高keep饲养
permission
n.准许,批准
近义词:
agreementpermitv.允许
disabled
adj.失去能力的,残疾的
abilityn.能力ableadj.能
beabletodosth.能做某事
teenager
青少年n.
teenageadj.青少年的
offer
主动提出v.bewillingtodosomething
offertodosth.主动提出做某事offersthtosb=offersbsth向某人提供某物
suffer
(因疾病等)受苦,受折v.磨
serious
adj.严重的
认真地,严重adv.seriously地
illness
某种)病n.(
不好的,有病的,恶意adj.ill的beill=besick生病的
lonely
孤独的,寂寞的adj.
friendship
n.友情,友谊
friendlyadj.友好的befriendlytosb.对某人友好n.友善friendliness
朋友friendn.
交朋友makefriendswith和…
difficulty
困难,费劲n.
benotabletodosomethingeasily
difficultadj.困难的havedifficultyindoingsth.在做某事上有困难
joy
愉快,喜悦n.
令人愉快的是sjoy'toone
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afeelingofgreathappiness
快乐的joyfuladj.
peace
n.平静,宁静
和平的,宁静的peacefuladj.
hurt
受伤,受伤的n.&v.
injured近义词:
courage
n.勇气,勇敢
鼓励encouragev.阻止;使气馁discouragev.
spirits
n.情绪,心境
精神的,心灵的spiritualadj.
pay
v.付费
花…on在for=spend……pay
..
…费注意doingtosth.payattention
做某事
organize
v.组织
organization同根词:
组织;机构;团体n.
express
表达;表露v.
同根词:
expression表现,表示,表达;表情n.
词组二、
1.inneed
需要帮助的
voluntarywork2.
义务工作
3.askpermission
报请批准
sufferfrom4.
受苦因…
raiseone5.'sspirits
使振奋
cheerup
inorderto6.
目的在于
soasto
句型三、
我们和一个叫维维恩的女孩在一起。
1.WespenttimewithagirlcalledVivien
意为“和某人一起度过”。
此句中,spendtimewithsb一些年轻人不想和例如:
Someyoungpeopledon'twanttospendtimewiththeold.老人在一起。
Cindy.
calledImetagirl
名为被叫做called=named
的女LucyThegirlcalledLucyisoneofthebeststudentsinourschool.那个被叫做孩是我们学校最好的学生之一
2.Iwentthereandtooksomephotosofit.
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takephotos/picturesof表示“给……拍照”
takepictures/photos意为“拍照”
Theytookmanyphotosofthewinner.他们拍了许多获胜者的照片。
AlthoughIloveholidays,Ihatetotakephotos.尽管我喜欢度假,但我却讨厌照相。
3.Thishelpsthemexpresstheirfeelings.
helpsb(to)dosth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,help后做宾补的不定代词可以带to,也可以不带to,本结构与helpsb.withsth.意思相同。
拓展:
helponeselftosth.随便吃某物Helpyourselftothefish.
express及物动词,意为“表露,表达”Billisnotafraidtoexpresshisopinions.
拓展:
expression名词,意为“表达,表示;表情”
Herexpressionsuggestedanger.她露出愤怒的表情。
4.Theyhavedifficultywalkingormoving.他们走路或移动有困难。
此句中,havedifficulty(in)doingsth意为“做某事有困难”。
=havetrouble(in)
doingsth
Ihavedifficultyfinishingmyhomework.我完成家庭作业有困难。
若后接名词:
则常用havedifficultywithsth的结构
5.Hehurthislegsinanaccident,buthehaslotsofcourage.他的腿在事故中受伤了,但是他很勇敢。
本句中,but为并列连词,意为“但是;然而”,连接两个句子,表示转折。
Iwanttobuythebeautifulbike,butIhavenomoney.我想买那辆漂亮的自行车,但是我没有钱。
hurtvt.=injure使疼痛;受伤
搭配:
hurtoneself受伤
Haveyouhurtyourself?
你伤着自己了吗?
6.WeneedtohelpchildrenlikeTimandraisetheirspirits.我们需要帮助像蒂姆那样的孩子,并使他们鼓起勇气。
本句中,like用作介词,意为“例如;像”。
Thingslikepaperandglasscanberecycled.像纸和玻璃这样的东西可以重复利用。
四、语法
动词不定式
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词,可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,但to有时可以省略。
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不定式在句子中不做谓语,所以没有人称、数和时态的变化。
一.动词不定式作宾语:
基本结构:
动词+动词不定式
动词不定式可以在agree,choose,decide,learn,plan,hope,promise,want,seem,
would,like等后面做宾语。
如:
Iwanttoplaybasketball.我想玩篮球。
IagreetomeetSusanoutsidethecinema.我同意在电影院外跟苏珊见面。
▲有些动词后面可以跟“疑问词+动词不定式”这种结构,这些动词包advise,ask,decide,
discuss,forget,know,learn,remember,show,teach,tell等
如:
Weteachhimhowtowalk.我们教他走路。
Iforgotwhattodo.我忘记要做什么了。
二.动词不定式作宾语补足语:
基本结构:
动词+宾语(名词/代词)+动词不定式
动词不定式作宾语补足语时,有带to和省略to的两种情况。
常跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有advise,ask,tell,order,invite,allow,wish,get,want,encourage等。
如:
Myteacheroftenencouragesustostudyhard.我的老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。
Tomaskedmenottosleepinclass.Tom叫我不要在课堂上睡觉。
常跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:
使役动词let,make,have等,感官动词see,feel,notice等。
如:
Youcanletthegirlgofirst.你可以让那个女孩子先走。
Isawhimopenthedoor.我看见他开门。
三.动词不定式表目的:
动词不定式还可以用来表示某一动作或状态的目的。
动词不定式也可以位于句首。
如:
Shewenttothedepartmentstoretobuyanewbook.她去百货商店是为了买本新书。
TolearnEnglishwell,youshouldspeakEnglishasmuchaspossible.想学好英语,应该尽可能多的说英语。
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Unit1Helpingthoseinneed单元测试
姓名分数
I.词汇运用(每小题1分,共15分)
i.根据句意,选择与划线部分意思最接近的选项。
(每小题1分,共8分)
()1.WhenItoldhimthenews,heexpressedhissurprise.
A.knew
B.showed
C.impressed
()2.Keepingpetscangiveusmuchjoy.
A.sadness
B.sickness
C.happiness
()3.Youcan'tgooutatnightunlessyougetyourmother'spermission.
A.agreementB.knowledgeC.message
()4.Don'tmakeanynoiseshere.Ineedpeace.
C.anger
A.luck
B.fear
()5.Hecamehomeearlyinordertoseehissonbeforehewenttobed.
A.sothat
B.inorderthat
C.soasto
()6.Amyexplainedthatshehadtoleaveatonce.
A.secretly
B.immediately
C.happily
()7.Idon'tknowwhyhedidn'tacceptthedoctor'ssuggestions.
A.replied
B.rejected
C.raised
()8.Afterhewashedthedishes,shecontinuedtosweepthefloor.
A.wentonB.wentup
C.compared
ii.选择恰当的词汇或短语完成句子。
(每小题1分,共7分)
()9.A_________issomeonewhoisbetweenthirteenandnineteenyearsold.
A.boss
B.daughter
C.teenager
()10.To_______fromsomethingistobebadlyaffectedbyit.
A.stop
B.pay
C.suffer
()11.Everyoneneedsa_________.Thatis,theyneedfriends.
A.friendship
B.relationship
C.news
()12.A_________isaspokenorwrittenpieceofinformation.
A.message
C.language
B.gesture
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()13.–Whydoyouoften_______himofhissuccess?
--Sothathedoesn'tlosehisconfidence.
A.remind
B.hear
C.advise
()14.–Iamgreatlyinterestedinthispainting.Somethinginit_______the
painter'sdeeplovefornature.
A.express
B.discusses
C.imagines
()15.---Whowill_________theactivity?
---Somevolunteers
A.expressB.accept
C.organize
)
15分(每小题1分,共II.单项选择
)16.Youmaytakeahorsetotheriver,butyoucan'tmakeit________.(
C.drinkA.todrinkB.drank
)17.Youcanuseatool________afire.(
C.tomake
B.making
A.make
()18.--Ialwaysfeel_______whenIamathome________.
---Ithinkyoushouldgoouttocommunicatewithmorepeople.
A.lonely;lonelyB.lonely;alone
C.alone:
lonely()19.---Doyouhavedifficulty________theworkintwodays?
---Ofcoursenot.It'seasy________metodoit.
A.finishing;forB.finishing;ofC.tofinish;for
()20.They______20,000yuanfortheHopeProjectlastyear.
C.raised
B.raise
rose
A.
knowreallydon'ttwo.21.Thereisn'tanydifferencebetweentheI)(
_________.
A.wheretochoose
C.tochoosewhichB.whichtochoosea_______alwaysprefersaRather()22.than_______oncrowdedbus,he
bicycle.
toride
ride
A.ride;;C.riderideB.riding;
)23.--Howfarisyourcousin'shomefromhere?
(
--It'sabouttwo__________ride.
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B.hoursC.hours'
A.hour's()24.--Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingatthedoor?
--Yes,Ido.He'safriendof__________.
A.IB.mineC.me
()25.---IsyourfriendMichaelstillinAustralia?
---Idon'tknow.Ihave_______informationabouthimbecausewe
haven'tseeneach
otherfor________years.
A.alittle;afewB.little;afewC.afew;alittle
()26.--HowdoesJackusuallygotowork?
--He________driveacar,butnowhe________theretoloseweight.
A.usedto;isusedtowalkB.wasusedto;isusedtoC.usedto;isusedto
walkingwalking()27.---Let'splayfootballontheplayground.
---It'ssohotoutside.Iwouldrather________athomethan_______out.
A.stay;goB.tostay;goC.stay;togo
()28.--Areyou________ofthedark?
---Yes,soIalwaysgotosleepwithmybedroomlights________.
A.worry;onB.afraid;onC.worried;off
()29.Iturnedtobookshopsandlibrarieslookingforinformationandfound
_______.
A.noneB.bothC.neither
()30.–Jim'sataxidriver,____hereallywantstobeadoctor.
A.andB.soC.but
III.完型填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
Once,akingshowedtwomenalargebasket(篮子)inthegarden.Hetold
themtofillitwithwaterfromawell(井).Afterthey31._______theirwork,heleft
them,saying,“Whenthesunisdown,Iwillcomeandseeyourwork.”
Atlast,oneofthemsaid,“What'stheuseofdoingthisfoolish(愚蠢的)work?
Wecan32.________fillthebasket.”Theothermananswered,“Thatis
33.________ofyourbusiness.”Thefirstmansaid.“Youmaydoasyoulike,butI'mnotgoingtoworkatsomethingso34.______”He35._______hisbucketand
wentaway.Theothermansaidnoword,andkeptoncarrying36.________.Finally,
thewellwasalmost37.______.
Ashepoured(倒)thelastbucket(桶)ofwaterintothebasket,hesawabright
thinginit.Hepickedit38._______.Itwasabeautifulgoldring.Justthentheking
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came.39.________hesawthering,heknewthathehadfoundthekindofmanhe
wanted.Hetoldhimtokeeptheringforhimself.“You40._________sowellinthis
littlething,”hesaid,“thatnowIknowIcanbelieveyouwithmanythings.”
31.A.finishedB.didC.began
32.A.everB.neverC.easily
B.no33.A.none
C.not
34.A.cleverB.foolishC.easy
35.Athrewaway
.pickedupB.putaway
C.36.A.water
B.basketC.well
37.A.fullB.emptyC.filled
38.A.upC.of
B.down
39.A.WhileB.AssoonasC.Before
40.A.didB.willdoC.wasdo
IV.阅读理解(每小题1.5分,共30分)
A
Teachingisoneofthemostrewarding(有回报的)jobs.Itisalsooneofthe
moststressful.Ifyou