车载无线传感器网络监测系统设计外文原文+中文翻译.docx

车载无线传感器网络监测系统设计外文原文+中文翻译.docx

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车载无线传感器网络监测系统设计外文原文+中文翻译

Wirelesssensornetworkmonitoringsystemdesign

Kangyi-mei,Zhaolei,Hujiang,Yangen-bo

（StudyonBeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics）

Summary:

AcarwirelesssensornetworkmonitoringsystembasedonIEEE802.15.4andZigBeestandards.Withuniversalwirelesssensornetworks,expansionofthescopeofmonitoringandmonitoringfunctionsforin-carsystem,cardataacquisitionandconditionmonitoringofequipmentstatusandthenecessaryequipmentcontrol,topologycontrol,topologyqueryfunctions.

Keywords:

wirelesssensornetworks;monitoringsystem

Introduction

Inordertosatisfythepeopletocarsafety,handlingandcomfortrequirements,vehicleintegratedwithmoreandmoreelectronicsystem.Atpresent,carelectronicequipmentiswidelyused16or32-bitmicroprocessorcontrol.Creatingin-vehiclemonitoringsystembasedonIEEE802.15.4andZigBeestandardforwirelesssensornetworks,designedtoachieveamoreoptimizedwirelesssensornetworks,theprogressiverealizationofthenetworkofautomotivesystems,intelligentandcontrollabletoprovidehigh-CarSystemsecurity.

Systemdesign

Inthispaper,theexistingvehiclesystem,thedatatransmissionmodeisextendedtothewirelesstransmissionmode,therealizationofastarnetworkdataacquisitionsystem.Andcanplaceeachdataacquisitionnodeoftheacquireddataistransmittedtothegateway,thegatewaythroughtheserialporttouploaddatatothehostcomputer,inthehostdatareal-timewaveformdisplay,andmethodofdatabasetopreserve,forthefollow-updataprocessing.Theapplicationofsystemobjectiscomposedofatemperaturesensor,pressuresensor,speedsensor,speedsensor,acurrentsensor,pressuresensor,sensorsubsystem.Thepurposeofthisdesignistouseamonitoringhostmachineendtothedetectionofmultipletargetenvironment,takingintoaccounttheaccessdatathroughputandsoftwaresystemcomplexity,usingtime-divisionmultiplexingway,onebyoneonthenetterminalcollectingpointofcontrolanddataacquisition.

AsshowninFigure1,thesystemisdividedinto3parts:

VehicleMonitoringCenter,gatewayandmobilesensornode.Gatewayisthewholevehiclesystemcore,andallvehicularsensornodecommunication.Vehiclemonitoringcentertothegatewaysendsacontrolcommandbythegateway,thecontrolcommandisconvertedtoanRFsignalandsenttothevehiclesensornode.Whenthevehiclesensornodestotransmitdata,gatewayintothedatareceptionstate,anduploaddatatothemonitoringcenterforfurtherprocessing.Inaddition,carbetweensensornodescannotcommunicatewitheachother.ThemonitoringcenterofthemonitoringsoftwareandgatewayinRS232standardinterfaceforcommunication.

Vehiclesensornodelifecycleisactiveanddormantperiods.Nodesintheactivephaseofthecompletionofdataacquisition,datasenttothegateway,receivingandexecutinggatewaycommand;inthedormantperiodoffthewirelessRFmoduleinordertosaveenergy,untilthenextactiveperiod.Systemthroughthismechanismofdormancytoreduceenergyconsumption,extendthetimespanofthesystemasawhole.

ThesystemusedPCasthecontrolcenter,PCmachinemonitoringsoftwareinVBdevelopmentenvironment,isadialogbasedapplicationsoftware.Inordertoimprovethecommunicationmoduleoftheintelligentlevel,inthedesign,itsfunctionisnotlimitedtothereal-timedatadisplay,allofthedatacollectionbythemonitoringsoftwarebysendingarequestsignaltothetrigger.Consideringtheoriginaldataforsubsequentprocessingandin-depthanalysisofthevehiclesystem,canaccuratelyjudge,softwarehasalsoaddeddatapreservationofthedocumentanddatafiledisplayfunction.

Generallyspeaking,thewholenetworkarecontrolledbythehostmonitoringsoftware,theworkingprocessofeverynodeofthenetworkistheneedofhumanparticipation.

2hardwaresystemdesign

2.1applicationchipintroduction

MC13192withIEEE802.15.4standard,theoperatingfrequencyis2.405～2.480GHz,datatransmissionrateof250kbps,using0-QPSKdebuggingmode.Thisfeature-richtwo-way2.4GHztransceiverwithadatamodemwhichcanbeintheZigBeetechnologyapplication.Italsohasanoptimizeddigitalcore,helpstoreducetheMCUprocessingpower,shortenthecycleofexecution.

ThemaincontrolMCUchooseHCS08seriesoflowpower,highperformancemicroprocessorMC9S08GB60.Theprocessorhasa60ApplicationofKBprogrammableFlash、4KBRAM,10ADC,8channel2asynchronousserialcommunicationinterface（SCI）,1synchronousserialinterface（SPI）andI2Cbusmodule,canfullymeettherequirementofvehiclegatewayandnodeprocessorrequirements.

2.2MCl3192andMC9S08GB60hardwareconnection

MC13192andMC9S08GB60hardwareconnectiondiagramasshowninfigure2.TheMC13192controlanddatatransmissionon4wireserialperipheralinterface（SPI）iscompleted,the4interfacesignalswereMOS-I,MISO,,SPICLK.ThemaincontrolMCUthroughthecontrolsignalexitingsleepmodeorhibernationmode,throughtoresetthetransceiver,throughtheRXTXENtocontrolthedatasendingandreceiving,orforcethetransceiverintoidlemode.ThesensoroutputanalogsignalthroughMCU8Channel10bitADCconversioninputtoMCU.MCUviaSPIMC13192toreadandwriteoperation,andthesensortocollectthesignalprocessedbyMC13192launchout.TheMC13192interruptIRQinterruptregisterthroughthepinsandtojudgethetypeofinterrupt.MC908GB60pintocontroltheMC13192intoadifferentmodeofoperation.ControlofthesensorsignalfromtheMC13192receivingantennain,transmittedviaSPItoMCU,afterMCUjudgmentafterprocessingthroughtheGPIOportistransmittedtothesensor,completecontrolofthesensor.Atthesametime,MCUMC13192transceivercontrolandtheMAClayeroperation.

The3systemsoftwaredesign

3.1ofoverallsoftwaredesign

Thesoftwaredesignisthedesignofthecore,thekeyliesintheoverallframeworkofsoftwareanddatastructuredesign.Animportantfactortoconsiderisaefficiency,anotheristodesigntheclarity.

Systemsoftwareconsistsofthegatewaynodeandthesensornodeiscomposedoftwoparts,thetwopartsareneededtocompletetheSMACprotocoltransplantation,andaccordingtothedifferentneedsfortheuppercommunicationapplicationswithAPIinterfacefunction.BecausetheSMACprotocolstackprogrammingmodelusinghierarchicaldesign,onlytheunderlyingPHYandMACprogramlevelandrelatedhardware,andnetworklayerandapplicationlayerproceduresisnotaffectedbyhardwareeffects.SMACindifferenthardwareplatformtransplantationonlyneedtomodifythePHYandMAClayer,eachlayercanshieldthehardwaredifferencesdirectlyrun.

AsshowninFigure3,thedesignofthesoftwareforsystemplatformlayer,protocollayerandapplicationlayer3layer.Atthesametime,defines3APIinterface:

systemlayerinterface,protocollayerandapplicationlayerinterface.Systemlevelinterfacedefinesahardwareregistermapping,soClanguagetobeabletodirectlyaccessthehardwareregisterstocontrolhardware.Systemplatformbasedonreal-timeoperatingsystemμC/IIprotocollayer,toprovidesystemservicesHardwaredrivingmoduleprovidesthehardwaredriver,allofthehardwarecontrolthroughthemoduletoprovideservices.Platformlayerprotocollayerinterfaceprotocollayertoprovideservices.ProtocollayerisbasedontheIEEE802.15.4physicallayerandlinklayerbasedontheZigBeenetworklayerprotocol.Applicationlayerthroughtheapplicationlayerinterfacetoinvokeservicesprovidedbytheprotocollayer,networkmanagementanddatatransfertasks.Applicationofconfigurationmodulecancallprotocollayertoprovidenetworkservices,willdirectthesystemconfigurationandquery,itismainlythroughtheATcommandstoachieve,sothemodulecallstheapplicationlayerinterfaceandprotocollayerinterfacetoprovideservices.

3.2sensornodesoftwaredesign

Basedonthelong-termuseofthefunctionalrequirements,sensornodesinthesoftwaredesignisthekeytoachievetherequiredfunctions,andcanminimizetheenergyconsumptionofthesensornodes.

Itwasfound,ZigBeemoduleandtheenergyconsumptionismuchlargerthanthecentralprocessorandtheenergyconsumptionofsensormodule.Therefore,thesensornodedesignofapplicationsoftwaretotrytomakeeachmoduleinadormantstate,andminimizingwakesZigBeemodulenumber.Therefore,thesensornodes,powerofeachfunctionalmoduleinitializationiscompleted,andjoinedthenetwork,entertheSleepstate,thecentralprocessorcyclestobetimedwake-uptosenddatatothegateway,andreceivesthegatewaycommand.SensornodesoftheworkflowareshowninFigure4.

The3.3gatewaynodesoftwaredesign

Gatewaydownwardmanagementsensornode,tocompleteandPCmonitoringcenterofinteraction,theneedforacomplicatedtaskmanagementandscheduling,therefore,basedontheuC/OSkernelofembeddedoperatingsystemtomanagethegateway,theapplicationtaskefficientlyprovidegoodsoftwaresupport.Accordingtogatewayfunctiondemand,theμC/OS-II,SMACprotocolorganicunion,formanetworkoperatingenvironment,theusercanconvenientlyonthebasisofitsdevelopmentandapplication.BasedonμC/OS-IIextendedgatewaysoftwareplatformstructureisshowninfigure5.BasedonμC/OS-IIoperatingsystem,wereusedtobuildthesystemtaskSYS_task（）,START_task（SMACstarnetworktask）,gatewayandasensornodeinteractiontaskCOMM_task（）,PCmonitoringcenterportmonitoringmission（SER_task）applicationssuchasaseriesoftasks,thusrealizingthegatewaysoftwareapplicationfunction.

The3.4hostmonitoringsoftwaredesign

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