高性能混凝土外文翻译.docx

高性能混凝土外文翻译.docx

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高性能混凝土外文翻译

OnTheApplicationofHigh-PerformanceConcrete

SummaryThehigh-performanceconcreteisamaindirectionofthetechnicaldevelopmentofrecentconcrete,theforeignscholarhascalledthattheconcretein21stcentury.Norwaycarriedonresearchtothisatfirstin1986,namedformallyfromAmericanNationalStandard,technologicalresearchinstitute（NIST）andaseminarhostedtogetherofAmericanConcreteInstitute（ACI）in1990.Conferencestipulatehigh-performanceconcretetohavewhomsomeperformancerequirehomogenizetheconcrete,mustadoptthestrictconstructioncraft,adopthigh-qualitymaterialformulate,easytowatersmash,emanate,mechanicsperformancesteady,earlyintensityhigh,withperformancesuchastoughnessandvolumestabilitydurableconcrete,especiallysuitablefortheskyscraper,bridgeandopentothebuildingstructureoftheharshenvironment.

Keywordsconcrete;performance;engineering;application

1．Introduction

Recenthigh-performanceconcreteisthemaindirectionofthedevelopmentofconcretetechnology,foreignscholarshavecalledthe21stcenturyconcrete.Norwayin1986,thiswasthefirststudyin1990bytheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology（NIST）andtheAmericanConcreteInstitute（ACI）ataseminarco-hostedaformalnaming.TheGeneralAssemblyforhigh-performanceconcreteisacertainperformancerequirementsoftheuniformqualityofconcrete,itmustadoptastrictconstructiontechnology,usinghigh-qualitymaterials,preparation,easeofpouringpound,non-segregation,mechanicalpropertiesandstability,highearlystrengthwithtoughnessandsizestabilitydurabilityperformanceofconcrete,especiallyforhigh-risebuildings,bridges,andexposuretoharshenvironmentsinarchitecturalstructures.Asanintegratedhigh-performanceconcretewithexcellenttechnicalcharacteristicsofmaterialsathomeandabroadhasarousedworldwideattentionwiththeengineeringandconcern.10years,theworld,manycountrieshaveinvestedagreatdealofmanpower,financialandmaterialresourcestoconducttheresearchanddevelopmentapplications,toenablehigh-performanceconcretetechnologyhasmadegreatprogressintheselectionofrawmaterials,mixdesign,physicalandmechanicalpropertiesof,durability,workability,structureandperformanceaswellasapplicationoftechnologyhavemadeboththeoreticalbasisanditspracticalvalueofscientificandtechnologicalachievements.

In1993,thetechnicalcommitteeunderAmericanConcreteInstituteproposedanewhigh-performanceconcretewasdefined:

Meetprojectspecialvariousperformanceofrequirement,butincludingeasytowater,smashinsteadofemanating,highlong-termmechanicsperformance,highearlyintensity,highandtoughandtensileandhighvolumestability,ortheservicelifeintheharshenvironmentisforalongtime,andhomogenizinggoodconcrete.Inrecentyears,AmericanConcreteInstituteprovidesmoreconcisedefinitiononapieceofcharactersagain:

"Thehigh-performanceconcreteisthatonekindcanaccordwithspecialperformanceandsynthesizetheconcretewiththehomogeneityrequirement,theconcretecangetwithregularconcretecomponentmaterialandcommonmixing,habitmethodsmashedandmaintainedtowateroften."High-performanceconcrete,itisusedforsignifyingtheconcretewithhighworkdegree,highstrengthandhighdurabilitybeginning.Thiskindofconcretemustbedesignedandpossessedhighvolumestability.

Forreduceconcreteshrinkanddofractureproducedtocontractwithtemperature,mustlimitthegroutcontentintheconcretemixture.Thehigh-performanceconcreteamountoftotalgroutlimitedofdesignmethodofmatchratiothatMehtaandActcinputforwardis1/3oftheconcretevolume;Allowsomesilicatecementspendvolcanicashorhavegluepersonwhocongealtomix,shutmaterialreplace.AcTcinhasbeenprophesied:

Mixslay,flyash,silicaflour,inferiorclay,thericehusksdustandthreeyuanofthelimestonepowderandmixcementbesidescanmakethepreparationofthehigh-performanceconcretemoreeconomicing,stillcangiveplaytoexceedingapileoffunctionofthem,improveitspropertywhilemixingandhardeningnewly.

2.Highperformanceconcreteinmodernengineering

Highperformanceconcretetechnologyissuccessfullyusedinmanypartsoftheworldofoffshorestructuresandgrewupacrossthebridgeconstruction,Langley,whodescribedgrowingupacrossafewbridgesinCanadawiththeworkability.Theyareusedinthegirder,mounddepartmentandmoundbase,itis450Kg/m3thatsilicaflourmixcementconsumption,water153L/m3,guideangrypharmaceutical160mL/m3andhigh-efficientwater-reducingagent3L/m3.Itsslumpisprobablyin200mm;Includes6.1%oftolerance;1d,3d,28dcompressionstrengthare35,52and82MParespectively;Thefoundationandotherbigmixedcementconsumptionofpiecesofconcreteare307Kg/m3,flyash133Kg/m3,waterconsumptionisclose,butguidetheangrypharmaceuticalandmixingamountofhigh-efficientwater-reducingagenttoreducebyalargemargin,makeanappointmentin185mminslump;Includes7%oftolerance;1d,3d,28dand90dcompressionstrengthare10,20,50and76MParespectively.AndwaterpermeabilityofU.S.A.andchlorineionfasttopermeatestandardmethodexperimentalresultindicateaccordingtoCanada:

Bothpartofconcretespresentverylowpermeability.Tohigh-performanceconcreteconstructionofstructure,need,putemphasison,strengthenon-the-spotlaboratorytestandinspectionofqualityverymuch.

Anotherareaofdevelopmentofhighperformanceconcreteisahighperformancelightweightconcrete,asopposedtosteel,ordinaryconcretestrength/weightratioisverylow,mixedwithhigh-strengthconcretesuperplasticizerissignificantlyenhancedtheratio;withalargenumberoftinyholeslightweightaggregatetoreplacepartofthenormalaggregate,willbeabletofurtherimprovethisratio.Astheaggregatequalityofdifferentdensityof2000Kg/m3,compressivestrengthat70~80MPahigh-performancelightweightconcreteinanumberofcountrieshavealreadycommercializedandusedincomponentproduction.InAustralia,Canada,Japan,NorwayandtheUnitedStates,high-performancelightweightconcretehasbeenusedinfixedandfloatingdrillingplatform;becauseofmudandwater,theinterfacebetweentheaggregatebondstrength,itcanbeimpermeable,sotheerosionoftheenvironmentableisverydurable.

-Dopedsilicapowder10~15%orevenhighersuperplasticizerpreparedmixtureofcementconcrete,withexcellentadhesion,sothesprayappliedtothewetsprayingthestructuralrepairofconcrete,whichisoneoftheareasofhighperformanceconcreteapplications.

2.1High-performanceconcreteinhigh-risebuildingapplications.

High-performanceconcrete（>40MPa）overthefirst30-storyhigh-risebuildingsusedforreinforcedconcretestructures,becausesuchbuildingsinthelowerthirdofthecolumns,usingordinaryconcretewhenthegreatcross-section.Inadditiontosavingsinmaterialcosts,ascomparedwiththesteelstructure,speedinguptheadoptionofconcretestructuresisanimportantfeature,sincetheUnitedStatesinChicagoin1965with50MPaconcretepouringLakePointTowersomeofthepillarshasbeeneverywhereinNorthAmericaandothercountriesusinghigh-performanceconcretetobuildhigh-risebuilding.Chicago79-storyWaterTowerPlacebuildingcolumnsusing60MPaconcrete;Toronto'sScotiaPlazaBuildingandSeattle'sTwounionSquareBuilding2Buildingsthen90and120MParespectivelyintensityofhigh-performanceconcretepillars.

Applicationexamples:

a.high-performanceconcreteapplicationofC80high-strengthandhigh-performanceconcreteinShenyangFangyuanBuilding,OnishiElectricPark,andmanyotherhigh-risebuildingintheapplicationofconcretefilledsteeltubularcolumns.

b.ShanghaiResearchinthefieldofhighperformanceconcreteinalargenumberofpromisingresultsobtained,ofwhichrepresentativeresultsare:

China'stallestbuilding-88C40floorJinmaoToweroncepumpedto382.5m;TomorrowSquareslagpumpingC80concrete;inShanghaieducationTVstationbasedoncomplexbuildingmassconcrete,cementconsumptionaccountedforonly46%ofthetotalcementitiousmaterials,preparationofthefullamountofconcreteslurry,concretework,cohesivenessandresistancetosegregationareveryexcellentperformance,strengthofC40high-performanceconcrete.

2.2High-performancepavementconcrete

a.High-performancepavementconcretesignificanceofthestudy

Withtheincreasingtrafficandtransportrequirementstodevelopthe"long-lifelow-maintenanceroad,"

Withhigh-performancepavementconcrete,toimprovetheflexuralstrengthanddurabilityofconcreteisthecurrenttrendofdevelopmentofconcretepavement.

b.Overseasdevelopments

Heldin1997attheXVIInternationalConferenceonConcretePavement,pavementdesignproposednotonlytoraisetheaverageintensityofdemand,butalsomakethedurabilityrequirements.Madeinthedirectionoffuturedevelopmentofultra-hightensilestrengthupto17MPastrengthconcrete,forpavingcontinuousconcretepavement.Improvetheconcretepavementsurfacecompactnessandimpermeabilityareveryimportant,andthisisthroughhigh-performanceconcretetoachieve.

c.High-performancepavementconcretestrength

 High-performanceconcretepavementimportantfeatureisahighflexuralstrength.Usinghigh-performancepavementconcretecansignificantlyimprovethebearingcapacityofpavement,extendservicelife,orthinningthethicknessofpavementtoreducetheprojectcost.

d.High-performancedurabilityofconcretepavement

High-